含左氧氟沙星的四联方案补救治疗幽门螺杆菌的临床研究

目的 评价含左氧氟沙星的四联方案补救治疗幽门螺杆菌的有效性和安全性。方法 33例幽门螺杆菌初次根除失败的消化性溃疡或慢性萎缩性胃炎患者接受了下述10天含左氧氟沙星的四联方案：质子泵抑制剂（标准剂量）＋枸橼酸铋钾（0．22g）＋左旋氧氟沙星（0．2g）＋阿莫西林（1．0g）b．d，4周后通过^13C-尿素酶呼吸试验判断根除成功与否。结果 2例失访，余31例完成治疗及随访，其中26例补救根除成功，5例补救治疗失败，6例（18．18％）患者发生轻微不良反应，根据意向处理分析（ITT）和完成治疗分析（PP），根除率分别为78．79％和83．87％。结论 含左氧氟沙星的四联方案为安全有效的幽门螺杆菌补救治疗方案。     

含左氧氟沙星的四联方案与常规四联方案补救治疗幽门螺杆菌感染疗效分析

目的 探讨含左氧氟沙星的四联补救方案抗幽门螺杆菌(HP)治疗的疗效和药物副作用.方法 将HP感染经常规三联疗法(奥美拉唑 阿莫西林 克拉毒素)治疗失败的84例患者分为A组(44例)和B组(40例).A组患者给予以左旋氧氟沙星为主的四联补救治疗7天(左氧氟沙星 奥美拉唑肠溶片 阿莫西林 胶体果胶铋),B组患者使用常规四联7天(洛赛克 胶体果胶铋 克拉毒素 甲硝唑)补救疗法,4周后做13c尿素酶呼吸试验,并作比较.结果 A组3例失访,余41例完成治疗及随访,其中36例(89.7%)补救根除成功,5例(11.3%)补救治疗失败,7例(17.1%)患者发生轻微不良反应;B组4例失访,25例(69.3%)根除成功,8例(22.2%)患者发生轻微不良反应,A、B两组Hp根除率比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 含左氧氟沙星的四联方案为安全有效的幽门螺杆菌补救治疗方案.     

四联疗法联合中医药对幽门螺杆菌的补救治疗

目的 对进行过根除幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)治疗而失败的患者,应用含铋剂、质子泵抑制剂的四联疗法和中医药联合补救治疗并观察根除疗效.方法 120例H.pylori阳性患者随机分成两组,每组60例;对照组应用埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片20 mg,枸橼酸铋钾胶囊(商品名丽珠得乐)0.6g(相当于铋0.22 g),阿莫西林(珠海联邦制药股份有限公司)1000 mg,呋喃唑酮(商品名痢特灵,上海利生制药厂生产)100 mg,2次/d,共7d;而治疗组除应用对照组药物外,同时服用中药14 d,观察上腹痛、反酸、饱胀感、嗳气等症状缓解情况,并在补救治疗结束1个月后复查胃黏膜快速尿素酶试验和组织学染色或查14C-尿素呼气试验,观察其根除率.结果治疗组58例完成治疗,其中53例H.pylori转阴,根除率按意图治疗(ITT)和试验方案(PP)分析分别为88.33％ (53/60)和91.38％(53/58),对照组55例完成治疗,其中48例转阴,根除率按意图治疗(ITT)和试验方案(PP)分析分别为80.00％(48/60)和87.27％(48/55),两组间比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).治疗后两组症状缓解率分别为94.83％(治疗组)和83.64％(对照组),两组间比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 对H.pylori根除治疗失败的患者,应用四联疗法和中医药联合补救疗法不仅能获得较高的H.pylori根除率,对临床症状的改善也有良好作用,且副反应较小,值得临床推广.     

10d含呋喃唑酮三联、四联疗法补救治疗幽门螺杆菌感染的比较研究

背景:近年随着抗菌药物的耐药率逐渐上升,标准三联疗法对幽门螺杆菌(Hp)的根除率不断下降。目的:比较含呋喃唑酮的三联、四联疗法补救治疗Hp阳性慢性胃炎患者的疗效和安全性。方法:选取标准三联疗法(质子泵抑制剂+阿莫西林+克拉霉素或甲硝唑)根除失败的Hp阳性病例80例,将患者随机分为对照组和治疗组。对照组患者给予埃索美拉唑20 mg bid+阿莫西林1 g bid+呋喃唑酮0.1 g bid,疗程10 d;治疗组给予埃索美拉唑20 mg bid+阿莫西林1 g bid+呋喃唑酮0.1 g bid+枸橼酸铋钾220 mg bid,疗程10 d。治疗结束至少4周后行14C-尿素呼气试验,评估Hp根除率、症状缓解情况和不良反应。结果:与对照组相比,治疗组PP分析和ITT分析Hp根除率均显著升高(PP:94.7%对73.7%,P=0.012;ITT:90.0%对70.0%,P=0.025),症状缓解率显著升高(92.1%对65.8%,P0.05),而不良反应发生率无明显差异(12.5%对10.0%,P0.05)。结论:含呋喃唑酮的四联疗法对Hp根除失败者的疗效明显高于三联疗法,且不良反应无明显增加,可作为一线方案用于临床根除Hp。     

幽门螺杆菌补救治疗的研究进展

近年来,幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染率持续升高,耐药性的问题日益严峻,其初次治疗成功率逐渐下降,有部分患者需要补救治疗.选择合适的补救治疗药物、适当的补救治疗时间及提高患者的依从性,对于提高补救治疗的成功率至关重要.该文对近年来有关Hp补救治疗的研究进展作一综述.     

幽门螺杆菌根除治疗失败后的补救治疗

幽门螺杆菌（H.pylori)对抗生素的耐药率上升是导致根除治疗失败率上升的主要原因，对经标准方案根除H.pylori失败的患者有必要进行补救治疗。目的：评估铋剂、质子泵抑制剂（PPI）联用呋喃唑酮和四环素组成的7天四联方案用于根除H.pylori治疗失败后补救治疗的疗效，以及H.pylori耐药对疗效的影响。方法：予35例经含克拉霉素根除H.pylori方案治疗、H.pylori仍为阳性的患者以为期7天的四联治疗：枸橼酸铋钾220mg bid 奥美拉唑20mg bid 呋喃唑酮100mg bid 四环素750mg bid。治疗前取胃窦黏膜活检标本进行快速尿素酶试验、组织学检查和培养检测H.pylori。用琼脂扩散法测定克拉霉素、呋喃唑酮和四环素的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。治疗结束后至少4周，采用^13C-尿素呼气试验进行H.pylori感染状态评估。结果：33例患者完成治疗和随访，2例失访。根据意图治疗（ITT）和试验方案（PP）分析，该补救方案的H.pylori根除率分别为68．6％（24／35）和72．7％（24／33）。10例（28．6％）患者发生轻度副反应（9例发生恶心、中上腹不适，1例发生皮疹）。35例中有27例H.pylori培养成功，克拉霉素的耐药率为51．8％（14／27），呋喃唑酮为3．7％（1／27），四环素为7．4％（2／27）。各药物耐药菌株和敏感菌株的H.pylori根除率无显著差异。结论：铋剂、PPI联用呋喃唑酮和四环素组成的7天联方案作为根除H.pylori治疗失败后的补救治疗可获得较高的H.pylori根除率。     

四联疗法与序贯疗法在幽门螺杆菌根除补救治疗中的疗效比较

[目的]比较四联疗法与序贯疗法在幽门螺杆菌(Hp)根除补救治疗中的疗效及安全性,旨在寻找一种有效、安全、经济的补救治疗方案。[方法]将首次根除Hp治疗失败的90例慢性胃炎患者,随机分为四联疗法组和序贯疗法组,每组45例。四联疗法组患者治疗方案为埃索美拉唑、枸橼酸铋钾、阿莫西林、莫西沙星,疗程14d。序贯疗法组患者治疗方案为前5d给予埃索美拉唑、阿莫西林;后5d给予埃索美拉唑、克拉霉素、奥硝唑。所有患者在疗程结束停药4周后行14 C尿素呼气试验检测Hp。比较2组患者治疗前后的不良反应。[结果]四联疗法组Hp根除率(91.1%)显著高于序贯疗法组(75.6%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组不良反应均很轻微,组间不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]对于Hp补救治疗,四联疗法较序贯疗法疗效更好,且不良反应小,患者依从性好,值得在临床上推广。     

左氧氟沙星三联方案与常规四联补救方案治疗幽门螺杆菌感染的荟萃分析

目的:系统性评价含左氧氟沙星的三联方案与常规四联补救方案治疗幽门螺杆菌(H pylori)感染的疗效和不良反应发生率.方法:从常用电子数据库检索含左氧氟沙星的三联方案与四联补救方案根除H pylori的随机临床试验,荟萃分析各项研究的根除率和不良反应发生率的合并OR值;进行敏感性分析;以漏斗图检测发表偏倚.结果:共13项随机临床试验(1181例)符合纳入标准.含左氧氟沙星的三联方案和四联补救方案按意向治疗(ITT)分析的H pylori的根除率分别为77.5%(95%CI 74.1%-80.9%)和70.5%(95%CI 66.8%-74.2%),合并OR值为1.51(95%CI 0.91-2.53);总不良反应发生率分别为21.3%(95%CI 17.7%-24.9%)和36.0%(95%CI 31.8%-40.2%),合并OR值0.45(95%CI 0.29-0.71). 结论:含左氧氟沙星的三联方案具有与常规四联补救方案相似的根除H pylori 疗效,而且可以显著降低根除过程中的不良反应发生率     

序贯疗法与含左氧氟沙星四联疗法在首次根除幽门螺杆菌失败后补救治疗的疗效比较

目的:观察对比序贯疗法及含左氧氟沙星的四联疗法对首次根除幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)失败患者行补救根除时的疗效.方法:自2010-09/2014-05共收集首次根除失败的H.pylori感染患者167例.随机分为2组,序贯治疗组共85例,四联治疗组82例.序贯治疗方法为:前5天予以雷贝拉唑10 mg,2次/d;阿莫西林胶囊1000 mg,2次/d;后5天予以雷贝拉唑10 mg,口服2次/d;克拉霉素分散片500 mg,2次/d;奥硝唑片0.5 g,2次/d.四联治疗方法为:雷贝拉唑10 mg,2次/d;枸橼酸铋钾胶囊300 mg2次/d;左氧氟沙星片0.2 g,2次/d;阿莫西林1000 mg,2次/d.四联药物共服药12 d.观察患者在治疗期间的药物不良反应.结果:治疗结束后1 mo复查14C呼气试验,共有152例患者随访成功.序贯治疗组有77例随访成功,60例为阴性,符合方案集(per-protocol P P)分析根除率为77.92%,意向性治疗原则(intention-to-treat,ITT)分析根除率为70.6%四联治疗组随访成功的75例,有3例发生严重不良反应而退出试验.72中有61例为阴性,PP分析根除率为84.72%,ITT分析根除率为74.4%.两组PP分析根除率及ITT根除率均无统计学差异(60/77与61/72,χ2=1.127,P=0.288;60/85与61/82,χ2=0.302,P=0.582).序贯治疗组随访的77例共有9例出现不良反应不良反应发生率为11.7%.四联治疗组随访的75例中,有11例发生不良反应,不良反应发生率分别为14.7%.两组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.295,P=0.587).结论:四联疗法及序贯疗法在对于首次H.pylori根除失败后再根除时的疗效无显著性差异.不推荐将两种疗法作为H.pylori的补救根治首选方案.     

不同疗程的四联方案在幽门螺杆菌根除失败的补救治疗中的疗效观察

幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染与胃、十二指肠疾病密切相关,是慢性活动性胃炎、胃溃疡、十二指肠球部溃疡的重要致病因素,也是胃癌演变的始动因子,与胃淋巴瘤的发生、发展有一定的关系。Hp清除直接关系到上述疾病的转归;目前公认的根除Hp的治疗方案主要采用[质子泵抑制剂（PPI）或铋制剂＋两种抗生素的三联疗法或（PPI＋铋制剂＋两种抗生素的四联疗法,     

酪酸梭菌活菌片联合四联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌感染的临床研究

[目的]观察酪酸梭菌活菌片联合四联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,Hp)感染疾病的疗效。[方法]~(14)C尿素呼气试验结果阳性的132例患者随机分为A组、B组。A组给予四联疗法,即雷贝拉唑肠溶片(20mg,2次/d)、枸橼酸铋钾颗粒(2g,2次/d)、阿莫西林胶囊(1g,2次/d)、盐酸左氧氟沙星片(0.2g,2次/d);B组在A组治疗的基础上加用酪酸梭菌活菌片(0.7g,3次/d);2组疗程均为14d。比较2组患者治疗后Hp根除率、症状缓解率及不良反应发生率。[结果]B组Hp根除率明显高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。B组药物不良反应的发生率明显低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组患者治疗后症状缓解率比较差异无统计学意义。[结论]酪酸梭菌活菌片联合四联疗法治疗Hp感染可提高Hp根除率,降低不良反应,值得临床进一步研究。     

序贯疗法和四联疗法对幽门螺杆菌初治失败患者的疗效评价

目的:评价含左氧氟沙星序贯疗法和含铋剂四联疗法治疗根除失败的幽门螺杆菌感染患者的疗效以及发生的不良反应.方法:将98例经传统标准三联疗法(7 d)根除幽门螺杆菌失败的患者,随机分成治疗组和对照组.治疗组(序贯疗法)方案为前5d雷贝拉唑+左氧氟沙星,后5d雷贝拉唑+克拉霉素+呋喃唑酮,疗程l0d.对照组(四联疗法)方案为...     

Seven-day quintuple regimen as a rescue therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication

AIM: To determine the efficacy of two quintupleregimens for eradication of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) in patients who failed previous therapies.METHODS: This prospective, open-label, randomized controlled trial was a phase Ⅱ study conducted from April 2011 to March 2012 at the Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center in Rasht, Iran. A total of 208 patients with dyspepsia who failed previous H. pylori eradication with a ten-day quadruple therapy were enrolled. A random block method was used to assign patients to one of two treatment groups. Patients in the first group were treated with 240 mg bismuth subcitrate, 20 mg omeprazole, 1000 mg amoxicillin, 500 mg clarithromycin and 500 mg tinidazole(BOACT group). Patients in the second group received a regimen containing 240 mg bismuth subcitrate, 20 mg omeprazole, 500 mg tetracycline, 500 mg metronidazole and 200 mg ofloxacin(BOTMO group). Both regimens were given twice daily for a duration of seven days. The eradication was confirmed by a 14 C urea breath test 12 wk after completion of therapy. Patient compliance and drug side effects were evaluated at the end of the treatment period. The success rates were calculated by intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses.RESULTS: A total of 205 patients completed the course of treatment, with three patients excluded due to drug intolerance. The mean age of patients did not differ between the BOACT and BOTMO groups(41.6 ± 12.2 years vs 39.6 ± 11.8 years), and no significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of age, sex, smoking habits or the initial eradication regimen. The intention-to-treat and perprotocol eradication rates were significantly higher in the BOTMO group(86.5%, 95%CI: 0.85-0.87 and 86.7%, 95%CI: 0.80-0.89, respectively) compared with the BOACT group(75.5%, 95%CI: 0.73-0.76 and 76%, 95%CI: 0.69-0.80, respectively)(P 0.05). Univariate analyses for both groups did not show any association of sex, smoking and initial therapeutic regimen witheradiation rate(P 0.05 for all). Significantly more patients experienced side effects in the BOACT group compared to the BOTMO group(77.4% vs 36.6%, P 0.01). This difference was exemplified by increases in headache and taste disturbance(P 0.05).CONCLUSION: Quintuple therapy with a BOTMO regimen is an alternative second-line rescue therapy for Iranian patients with failed first-line eradication treatment of H. pylori.     

Efficacy of quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication after failure of proton pump inhibitor‐based triple therapy in Singapore

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori eradication is the mainstay in the treatment of H. pylori‐associated peptic ulcer disease. Current standard eradication therapy consists of 1 week of treatment with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and two antibiotics selected from amoxicillin, metronidazole and clarithromycin. In this study we aimed to assess the efficacy of quadruple therapy consisting of a PPI, bismuth, tetra‐cycline and metronidazole in patients for whom initial H. pylori eradication using a triple therapy regimen consisting of a PPI, amoxicillin and clarithromycin was unsuccessful. METHODS: Consecutive patients with H. pylori‐associated peptic ulcer disease, in whom H. pylori with triple therapy had been unsuccessful, were included in the study. These patients had been treated with a regimen that included a PPI (standard dose twice daily), amoxicillin (1 g twice daily) and clarithro­mycin (500 mg twice daily) for 1 week during 1997?2001. Diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease was made at esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Helicobacter pylori infection was considered to be present on the basis of either a positive rapid urease test, positive histo­logical identification of H. pylori or both. Failure of initial H. pylori eradication was established with either a rapid urease test, a ¹³C urea breath test or histology. Quadruple therapy consisted of a PPI (standard dose twice daily), metronidazole (400 mg three times daily), tetracycline (500 mg four times daily) and bismuth subcitrate (240 mg twice daily). Failure of quadruple therapy was diagnosed on the basis of a positive ¹³C urea breath test. RESULTS: Fifty‐three patients received quadruple therapy. The median age was 52 years (range 20?74) and the male to female ratio was 42 : 11. On an intent‐to‐treat basis, the eradication rate was 69.8%, whereas on a per‐protocol basis, the eradication rate was 82.2%. CONCLUSION: We conclude that a 1‐week quadruple therapy regime consisting of a PPI, bismuth, tetracycline and metronidazole was effective in 82.2% of patients who experienced an unsuccessful initial H. pylori eradication attempt with PPI, amoxicillin and clarithromycin.     

Non-bismuth quadruple therapy for first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication: A randomized study in Japan

AIM:To find the way to improve the eradication rate of first-line therapy in Japanese patients.METHODS:We prospectively compared the effectiveness of 7-d quadruple therapy to standard 7 d triple therapy in Japanese patients infected with Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori).One hundred and nineteen patients were randomly assigned to receive 7-d non-bismuth quadruple therapy with lansoprazole,amoxicillin,clarithromycin and metronidazole(LACM7) or 7-d triple therapy with lansoprazole,amoxicillin and clarithromycin(LAC7).After three months,H.pylori status was analyzed by 13C-urea breath test.Incidence rates of adverse events were evaluated by use of questionnaires.RESULTS:By intention-to-treat(ITT) analysis,the eradication rate in the LACM7 group was 94.9%,which was significantly higher than the LAC7 group(68.3%,P < 0.001).Per protocol analysis also showed a significantly higher eradication rate in the LACM7 group(98.3%) than the LAC7 group(73.2%,P < 0.001).Nevertheless,the incidence of serious adverse events did not differ between the two groups(RR:1.10,95% CI:0.70-1.73,P = 0.67).CONCLUSION:Seven day non-bismuth quadruple therapy(LACM7) was superior to standard 7-d triple therapy(LAC7) for first-line eradication.     

Third-line rescue therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection

H pylori gastric infection is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases worldwide. The discovery that most upper gastrointestinal diseases are related to H pylori infection and therefore can be treated with antibiotics is an important medical advance. Currently, a first-line triple therapy based on proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or ranitidine bismuth citrate (RBC) plus two antibiotics (clarithromycin and amo-xicillin or nitroimidazole) is recommended by all consensus conferences and guidelines. Even with the correct use of this drug combination, infection can not be eradicated in up to 23% of patients. Therefore, several second line therapies have been recommended. A 7 d quadruple therapy based on PPI, bismuth, tetracycline and metronidazole is the more frequently accepted. However, with second-line therapy, bacterial eradication may fail in up to 40% of cases. When H pylori eradication is strictly indicated the choice of further treatment is controversial. Currently, a standard third-line therapy is lacking and various protocols have been proposed. Even after two consecutive failures, the most recent literature data have demonstrated that H pylori eradication can be achieved in almost all patients, even when antibiotic susceptibility is not tested. Different possibilities of empirical treatment exist and the available third-line strategies are herein reviewed.