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1.
The vertical focusing is one of the primary problems in the central region of cyclotrons. This focusing effect brought about by the magnetic field is inclined to be weak near the center of the machine due to the fact that the flutter is small, while the electric focusing forces incurred from the dee gaps become very strong. Since the electric focusing effect is dependent on the RF phase, we have proceeded to carry out analytical calculations and numerical simulation about the vertical focusing in the central region of CYCIAE100, including magnetic focusing, electric focusing and the defocusing effect from the space charge effect. All the results have been used for the design of the central region for CYCIAE-100 and a good vertical focusing has been obtained.  相似文献   

2.
采用包含空间电荷效应的束流光学计算软件TRANSOPTR对CYCIAE-100回旋加速器轴向注入线进行设计,在综合考虑空间布局、元件选择、真空度、空间电荷效应、轴向磁场和造价等问题后,最终确定了轴向注入线的聚焦结构。将数值跟踪获得的真实磁场下螺旋偏转板传的输矩阵编写到TRANSOPTR程序中,从而实现了从离子源出口至偏转板出口的束流光学匹配。介绍了CYCIAE-100回旋加速器轴向注入线的设计思想、布局结构和束流光学计算结果,并给出了主要元件的设计结果。在确定中心区结构和对中轨道后,采用多粒子轨道跟踪的方法进行中心区束流匹配的研究,通过对数值模拟的结果进行椭圆拟合并结合解析公式计算得到注入点处匹配矩阵,为注入线的设计提供拟合条件。  相似文献   

3.
CYCIAE-100轴向注入线设计及中心区束流匹配   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
采用包含空间电荷效应的束流光学计算软件TRANSOPTR对CYCIAE-100回旋加速器轴向注入线进行设计,在综合考虑空间布局、元件选择、真空度、空间电荷效应、轴向磁场和造价等问题后,最终确定了轴向注入线的聚焦结构。将数值跟踪获得的真实磁场下螺旋偏转板传的输矩阵编写到TRANSOPTR程序中,从而实现了从离子源出口至偏转板出口的束流光学匹配。介绍了CYCIAE-100回旋加速器轴向注入线的设计思想、布局结构和束流光学计算结果,并给出了主要元件的设计结果。在确定中心区结构和对中轨道后,采用多粒子轨道跟踪的方法进行中心区束流匹配的研究,通过对数值模拟的结果进行椭圆拟合并结合解析公式计算得到注入点处匹配矩阵,为注入线的设计提供拟合条件。  相似文献   

4.
Internal ion sources are widely adopted in commercial cyclotrons used for short-life isotopes produc-tion. Without beam manipulation provided by the external beam injection line, the central region of this type of cyclotron is more sensitive and should be carefully designed. A design study and beam dynamics simulation for the central region of a 10 MeV compact cyclotron is presented. The OPERA3D/TOSCA code was used to calculate the electric field from a parameterized three dimensional (3D) central region model. With iterative structure optimizations of the central region, the beam centering and vertical focusing is well controlled, and the RF phase acceptance is around 25° A c++ code for beam simulation in the central region was developed and tested.  相似文献   

5.
Central region design for a 10 MeV internal ion source cyclotron   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Internal ion sources are widely adopted in commercial cyclotrons used for short-life isotopes production. Without beam manipulation provided by the external beam injection line, the central region of this type of cyclotron is more sensitive and should be carefully designed. A design study and beam dynamics simulation for the central region of a 10 MeV compact cyclotron is presented. The OPERA3D/TOSCA code was used to calculate the electric field from a parameterized three dimensional (3D) central region model. With iterative structure optimizations of the central region, the beam centering and vertical focusing is well controlled, and the RF phase acceptance is around 25°. A c++ code for beam simulation in the central region was developed and tested.  相似文献   

6.
VS Pandit 《Pramana》2002,59(6):1019-1024
A feasibility study of using high injection voltage and spiral inflector in the present heavy ion central region of VEC is described. Conditions necessary for waist-to-waist transfer of the ion beam in the hole lens of main magnet have been obtained. The results of orbit studies of a variety of heavy ions indicate that a spiral inflector can be used in the central region.  相似文献   

7.
100MeV强流质子回旋加速器高频腔公差研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
针对中国原子能科学研究院正在设计的100MeV强流质子回旋加速器, 研究并提出高频腔公差. 高频腔的误差包括加工安装的误差和重力引起的D板变形. 加工安装误差的存在干扰束团的径向和轴向运动, 用理论分析和数值模拟相结合的方法给出加工安装的公差; D板的重力变形引起加速间隙的轴向错位从而使束团产生轴向的相干振荡, 计算结果表明目前结构的D板变形在允许范围内.  相似文献   

8.
A 75—100 MeV H- compact cyclotron CYCIAE-100 is being constructed at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE). About 200 μA proton beam will be provided by CYCIAE-100. The imperfection of magnetic fields will remarkably affect the acceleration orbit and beam envelope in CYCIAE-100. The effects to the accelerating beam by the imperfection fields, especially the field components Br on the mid-plane will be analyzed in detail with tracking code COMA. Poles misalignment that causes magnetic imperfection will be described in the paper. According to the simulation results, the tolerance of the poles machining and assembly will be illustrated in this paper.  相似文献   

9.
分析了普通单镜头反我照相机中心裂像调焦方法的原理,运用创新技法,设计一种模拟该方法调焦的实验仪。该模拟实验仪的设计有助于培养学生的创新思维能力。  相似文献   

10.
分析了电子在能量转换区的运动,列出了电子的运动方程,对电子运动方程进行了数值计算。通过对能量转换区的数值模拟,计算了电子注半径、初始能量比、能量转换区长度、磁场分布等不同的参数对能量转换的影响。结果表明:在电子束半径和回旋半径比为0.25、横向和纵向能量比为2.83、归一化长度为3、非对称系数为-0.1时,转换效率可以达到90%以上。  相似文献   

11.
A 75—100 MeV H- compact cyclotron CYCIAE-100 is being constructed at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE). About 200 μA proton beam will be provided by CYCIAE-100. The imperfection of magnetic fields will remarkably affect the acceleration orbit and beam envelope in CYCIAE-100. The effects to the accelerating beam by the imperfection fields, especially the field components Br on the mid-plane will be analyzed in detail with tracking code COMA. Poles misalignment that causes magnetic imperfection will be described in the paper. According to the simulation results, the tolerance of the poles machining and assembly will be illustrated in this paper.  相似文献   

12.
Study of energy deposition and stripper temperature for CYCIAE-100   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Nowadays high intensity proton accelerators are extensively applied, and this paper gives particular emphasis on CYCIAE-100, a 100 MeV high intensity compact cyclotron being constructed at CIAE. For accelerators of this type, the study is focused on how to improve the beam intensity. As for CYCIAE-100, the charge-exchange extraction is used to get protons. So it is crucial to enhance the lifetime of the stripping foil, which is largely determined by the energy deposition on it. For this cyclotron, due to the influence of the magnetic field, the electrons will spin near the foil and lose energy each time when they cross the foil. The energy deposition refers to all the energy deposition of protons and electrons. This paper stresses the stripper study of CYCIAE-100, in which the particle distribution on the foil is simulated and the energy deposition of the protons and electrons stripped from the H- ions are calculated. The temperature distributions are then calculated as a main reference for the foil design.  相似文献   

13.
数字图像一阶矩的自动聚焦区域选择算法   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
张乐  姜威  高赞 《光学技术》2008,34(2):163-165
聚焦区域选择是自动聚焦算法中的重要模块,直接影响评价函数曲线的尖锐性、准确性和稳定性。针对中心取窗和多点取窗等传统聚焦区域选择算法的局限性,提出了一种基于数字图像一阶矩的自动聚焦区域选择算法,它是通过图像灰度或边缘一阶矩定位聚焦区域的。传统聚焦区域选择是一种定点估计,实验证明一阶矩方式选择可以跟踪偏离中心的主体景物,是一种具有自适应性的前景位置估计算法,提高了聚焦精确度和速度。  相似文献   

14.
Nowadays high intensity proton accelerators are extensively applied, and this paper gives particular emphasis on CYCIAE-100, a 100~MeV high intensity compact cyclotron being constructed at CIAE. For accelerators of this type, the study is focused on how to improve the beam intensity. As for CYCIAE-100, the charge-exchange extraction is used to get protons. So it is crucial to enhance the lifetime of the stripping foil, which is largely determined by the energy deposition on it. For this cyclotron, due to the influence of the magnetic field, the electrons will spin near the foil and lose energy each time when they cross the foil. The energy deposition refers to all the energy deposition of protons and electrons. This paper stresses the stripper study of CYCIAE-100, in which the particle distribution on the foil is simulated and the energy deposition of the protons and electrons stripped from the H ions are calculated. The temperature distributions are then calculated as a main reference for the foil design.  相似文献   

15.
100MeV强流质子回旋加速器设计的引出质子束流强为大于200μA, 并计划提供脉冲束流. 轴向注入系统设计有两条注入线, 即1#和2#注入线. 1#注入线利用负氢束的中性化以解决强流连续束流的注入,为保证达到高中性化程度, 横向聚焦均采用磁元件; 2#注入线的设计目的主要是提供一定流强的脉冲化束流,由于脉冲化负氢束的中性化过程难以建立, 因此, 横向聚焦元件均为静电元件. 两条线合理的结构设计使得注入系统可方便切换运行模式. 采用包含空间电荷力的光学计算程序, 匹配不同中性化程度的注入束流光学特性, 匹配工作的重点在于高达40°的高频相位接收度. 从离子源出口到粒子加速前15圈的连续匹配计算结果表明: 所设计的注入系统可有效地控制束流包络, 减少束流损失; 中心区高的高频接收度使设计的100MeV质子回旋加速器具有加速强流负氢束的能力.  相似文献   

16.
一种新型周期永磁聚焦系统过渡区的设计   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
 分析了过渡区中电子注调节的基本原理,设计了一种渐变式的过渡区结构,其注腰半径为0.8 mm,周期均匀磁场峰值为0.29 T,周期为4.5 mm,压缩比为22。该结构能够在减小电子枪压缩比的情况下对电子注进行再压缩,得到符合互作用要求的电子注。将采用渐变式过渡区结构的电子注匹配与采用传统方法的电子注匹配进行了比较,模拟结果表明:采用渐变式过渡区结构匹配电子注不仅能有效改善电子注的层流性(波动性为8%),还能够提高电子光学系统的稳定性。根据此方法对Ku波段6 kW行波管的电子光学系统进行了模拟计算,得到了良好的设计结果。  相似文献   

17.
分析了过渡区中电子注调节的基本原理,设计了一种渐变式的过渡区结构,其注腰半径为0.8 mm,周期均匀磁场峰值为0.29 T,周期为4.5 mm,压缩比为22。该结构能够在减小电子枪压缩比的情况下对电子注进行再压缩,得到符合互作用要求的电子注。将采用渐变式过渡区结构的电子注匹配与采用传统方法的电子注匹配进行了比较,模拟结果表明:采用渐变式过渡区结构匹配电子注不仅能有效改善电子注的层流性(波动性为8%),还能够提高电子光学系统的稳定性。根据此方法对Ku波段6 kW行波管的电子光学系统进行了模拟计算,得到了良好的设计结果。  相似文献   

18.
本文介绍一台基于商用光盘机的高性能价格比的相变类光盘材料静态测试仪。相对通常由独立元件搭建而成的专用测试仪来说,由于采用商用光盘机机芯,不仅使整个测试仪稳定可靠,对使用环境要求低,而且价格低廉,是国外同类设备价格的十分之一。本文所提出的并由该静态测试仪实现的准线性区光盘聚焦自动预搜索功能,是充分理解及运用光盘聚焦误差信号曲线的正负反馈特性、简单实用而又稳定可靠的自动预搜索方法,降低了对测试样片基片的要求,方便了测试操作。  相似文献   

19.
The role of low density upflowing field-aligned electron beams (FEBs) on the growth rate of the electron cyclotron waves at the frequencies ω r < Ωe, propagating downward in the direction of the Earth’s magnetic field, has been analysed in the auroral region at ω ee < 1 where ω e is the plasma frequency and Ωe is the gyrofrequency. The FEBs with low to high energy (E b) but with low temperature (T ‖b) have no effect on these waves. The FEBs with E b < 1 keV and T ‖b (> 1.5 keV) have been found to have significant effect on the growth rate. Analysis has revealed that it is mainly the T ‖b which inhibits the growth rate (magnitude) and the range of frequency (bandwidth) of the instability mainly in the higher frequency spectrum. The inhibition in the growth rate and bandwidth increases with increase in T ‖b. The FEBs with less E b (giving drift velocity) reduce growth rate more than the beams with larger E b. The inhibition of growth rate increases with the increase in the ratio ω ee indicating that the beams are more effective at higher altitudes.   相似文献   

20.
针对不同厚度的病变组织,改变声焦域轴向长度能提高高强度聚焦超声在临床治疗过程中的安全性和有效性。基于多频超声波叠加原理,该文提出了变厚度(多频)聚焦换能器,并设计了两种类型变厚度聚焦换能器。根据瑞利积分法推导了变厚度聚焦换能器声场,计算和分析了变厚度聚焦换能器的声焦域轴向长度,并与等厚度(单频)聚焦换能器声焦域轴向长度进行对比。结果显示,变厚度聚焦换能器中心到边缘的厚度变化趋势与声焦域轴向长度变化相关,中间薄两边厚换能器声焦域轴向长度缩短,中间厚两边薄换能器声焦域轴向长度变长,且实验验证了理论的正确性。研究结果可为变厚度聚焦换能器声场研究和高强度聚焦超声的临床治疗提供参考。  相似文献   

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