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1.
目的探讨前交叉韧带(ACL)单束解剖重建股骨隧道与外侧副韧带(LCL)重建股骨隧道的关系,以期为临床中ACL解剖重建提供解剖学数据,便于临床实际操作中避免2个股骨隧道相互干扰,为ACL和LCL一期解剖重建提供依据。方法采用30例成人尸体膝部标本,保留膝关节上下至少20cm,排除关节明显退变、畸形及关节损伤。男性16例,女性14例,年龄在23~66岁,平均年龄38.7岁。屈膝120°经前内辅助入路(AMP)钻取股骨隧道。在股骨外髁外侧面寻找后外侧角(PLC)结构,钝性分离LCL,并钻取LCL隧道。标本进行CT扫描,在CT片上观察隧道碰撞数,并计算两个隧道的最短距离。结果在LCL股骨隧道深度为25mm时,其与ACL股骨隧道最短距离为(3.9±2.4)mm;在LCL股骨隧道深度为30mm时,其与ACL股骨隧道最短距离为(2.7±1.9)mm。在ACL股骨隧道深度为25mm时,其与LCL股骨隧道的最短距离为(4.4±2.6)mm;在ACL股骨隧道深度为30mm时,其与LCL股骨隧道的最短距离为(3.2±2.1)mm。在30例标本中,共发现6例隧道碰撞,碰撞的几率高达20%。结论我们发现两者隧道发生碰撞的几率高,临床一期解剖重建时,术前应做个体化准备,规划好LCL重建所需股骨隧道的长度和隧道直径,从而规避与ACL股骨隧道的碰撞。  相似文献   

2.
前交叉韧带的应用解剖   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5  
在100侧成人尸体的膝部,对前交叉韧带进行了解剖学研究.多束性前交叉韧带分为前内束和后外束,其神经血管束沿束间的疏松结缔组织分布于其中,其主要血供来自膝中动脉支,在韧带周围形成血管滑膜鞘.保护和利用此鞘,以利受损韧带在修复时愈合。  相似文献   

3.
[摘要]目的 探讨分析膝关节镜单束解剖重建前交叉韧带(ACL)的临床疗效。方法 选择2011年8月~2014年8月我院收治的40例前交叉韧带断裂的患者为研究对象,在膝关节镜下行前交叉韧带单束解剖重建,术后随访1~3年,应用理学检查、IKDC、Lysholm及Tenger评分等方法,评价患者手术情况、膝关节功能、韧带稳定性及活动度恢复情况。结果 40例患者平均手术时间为(95.8±6.90)min,患者术后并发症发生率为7.5%,患者临床满意度为91.3%;患者术后IKDC,Lysholm和Tegner评分较术前有显著改善,膝关节功能恢复情况令人满意;患者膝关节稳定性明显改善,膝关节活动度两侧无明显差异。结论 膝关节镜单束解剖重建前交叉韧带安全有效,患者术后膝关节功能、韧带稳定性及膝关节活动度近期恢复情况较好,患者术后并发症少,临床满意度高。  相似文献   

4.
目的 测量后外侧角(PLC)股骨止点和前交叉韧带(ACL)解剖重建股骨隧道外口的位置,以获得详细的解剖学资料,并以此为ACL和PLC一期解剖重建提供解剖依据。 方法 采用30例新鲜成人尸体膝关节标本。屈膝120°关节镜下经前内辅助入路解剖重建ACL股骨隧道,并用克氏针标记。在膝关节股骨外髁分离出膝关节外侧副韧带(LCL)和腘肌腱(PT)股骨解剖止点。以股骨外上髁为原点,建立x、y垂直坐标轴,测量LCL、PT的股骨解剖中心点和ACL股骨隧道外口在坐标轴的坐标,并测量3点之间的距离。 结果 LCL附丽部中心点在股骨外上髁近端(1.27±3.35)mm,后方(2.99±1.29)mm。PT附丽部中心点在股骨外上髁远端(8.85±3.38)mm、后方(3.83±1.95)mm。ACL股骨隧道外口在股骨外上髁近端(16.12±5.34)mm,后方(6.84±4.17)mm。LCL附丽部中心点与PT附丽部中心点相距(9.67±3.92)mm,ACL股骨隧道外口与LCL附丽部中心点相距(13.07±4.93)mm,ACL股骨隧道外口与PT附丽部中心点相距(23.37±6.16)mm。 结论 揭示了LCL、PT的股骨解剖中心点和ACL股骨隧道外口位置的解剖学特点,为临床一期联合解剖重建提供解剖学依据。  相似文献   

5.
目的:探讨韧带增强重建系统( LARS)人工韧带重建前交叉韧带( ACL)手术的临床效果。方法采用随机数字表法将我院2011年9月至2013年5月收治的60例ACL损伤患者分为LARS组和自体腘肌腱( ST/G组)组,各30例,比较2组患者治疗前与治疗后3、6、9、18个月的Lysholm评分、主客观IKDC评分、末次随访的临床疗效及骨隧道扩大情况的差异。结果LARS组扶拐下地时间、弃拐行走时间、恢复运动时间3项指标均显著短于ST/G组(P<0.05)。与术前相比,2组Lysholm评分及IKDC评分术后3、6、9、18个月均显著好转(P<0.05);术前2组Lysholm评分及IKDC评分比较差异不显著(P>0.05);术后3、6、9个月LARS组Lysholm评分及IKDC评分显著优于ST/G组,至术后18个月2组患者的Lysholm评分及IKDC评分差异不显著(P>0.05)。末次随访时,LARS组疗效分布显著优于 ST/G 组(P <0.05);LARS 组优良率93.33%高于 ST/G 组的76.67%,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。 LARS组共6例患者出现骨隧道扩大,ST/G组14例患者出现骨隧道扩大,ST/G组出现骨隧道扩大率显著高于LARS组(P<0.05)。结论韧带增强重建系统人工韧带重建前交叉韧带较自体腘肌腱重建能够显著加快患者的恢复,同时提高术后疗效及降低术后骨隧道扩大的发生率。  相似文献   

6.
膝关节前交叉韧带断裂是一种常见的运动损伤,损伤后前交叉韧带(ACL)手术重建是膝关节重获稳定性的重要手段,ACL重建是否成功的关键因素之一便是移植物隧道的选择,特别是股骨侧隧道的选择对重建术后膝关节的稳定性及功能康复起到关键作用。目前单束前交叉韧带重建目前逐渐成为主流的韧带重建技术。单束ACL重建时,股骨侧隧道内口定位点的选择是随着ACL的解剖和生物力学研究的深入以及手术技术的提升不断变化的,每种技术都有其产生的背景、优势与不足,最佳的股骨隧道内口位置的选择一直有不同观点。本文就单束ACL重建技术中股骨侧隧道内口定位点的演变及进展做一综述,对临床有一定的指导价值。  相似文献   

7.
目的 通过对膝关节前交叉韧带后外束股骨止点的解剖测量,找到确定前交叉韧带后外束股骨止点的简单可行的方法,为双束重建前交叉韧带手术中的骨道定位提供理论依据。方法 解剖20例新鲜膝关节标本(25~45岁)。在屈膝90°位,测量前交叉韧带后外束股骨止点中心点距股骨髁间窝外侧壁前方、后方和下方软骨缘的距离,再对测量数据进行评估和对比。结果前交叉韧带后外束股骨止点中心点距离股骨前方软骨缘(8.74±1.39)mm,距离后方软骨缘(8.69±1.57)mm(P =0.926)。后外束止点中心点距离股骨下方软骨缘(5.06±0.77)mm。结论膝关节屈膝90°位时,前交叉韧带后外束的股骨止点中心点位于股骨髁间窝外侧壁,距离下方软骨缘5mm,距离前方和后方软骨缘的距离相等。在前交叉韧带双束重建的手术中,应用本研究的结果能够简单、快捷地确定前交叉韧带后外束股骨骨道位置。  相似文献   

8.
前交叉韧带断裂的力学机制与功能重建   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2  
前交叉韧带断裂的力学机制与功能重建邵建康综述王以进审校(上海市嘉定区中心医院上海大学生物力学研究室)自从1917年HerGroves首先报导修复前交叉韧带(AnteriorCruciateLigament)以来,许多学者相继从生物力学、组织学以及替代...  相似文献   

9.
目的观察人工韧带加强系统(LARS)人工韧带保残重建治疗前交叉韧带损伤的早期临床效果。方法回顾性分析北部战区总医院2016年5月至2018年4月收治的66例行人工韧带重建术的前交叉韧带损伤军人的临床资料,按照手术方法的不同分为保残组36例(保留残端重建)和非保残组30例(术中完全清理残端)。分析2组患者术前及术后膝关节功能及本体感觉恢复情况。结果2组患者术后膝关节功能及本体感觉恢复情况均较术前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后3、6个月,保残组患者Lysholm评分、IKDC评分、Lachman试验结果和本体感觉测定结果均明显优于非保残组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用LARS人工韧带保残重建治疗前交叉韧带损伤的早期临床效果良好。  相似文献   

10.
前交叉韧带重建张力的设置主要依靠外科医生的经验。为提高膝关节恢复治疗中前交叉韧带重建后张力的有效性和适应性,本文建立具有松弛特性的侧向力学测量模型,设计前交叉韧带在线刚度测量系统,提出"术前检测,术中参考"的新方法。本文选取20个绵羊膝关节进行膝关节稳定性测试,分两组进行前外侧入路单束前交叉韧带重建对比实验,第一组手术医生常规流程进行术中检测;第二组使用前交叉韧带在线刚度测量系统在术中进行检测;之后对上述两组进行术后稳定性实验。研究结果表明,该测量系统测量的张力精度为(-2.3±0.04)%,位移误差为(1.5±1.8)%,术后对两组进行前向稳定性、内旋稳定性和外旋稳定性测试,结果均优于术前(P <0.05),但使用该系统的一组更接近术前膝关节测量指标,且与经验丰富的医生对比差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。最终,期待本文建立的该系统可以帮助临床医生判断手术过程中的前交叉韧带重建张力,有效提升手术效果。  相似文献   

11.
BackgroundThe study aimed to (1) investigate the variability of the femoral ACL center in ACL-ruptured patients, (2) identify whether the currently available over-the-top femoral ACL guides could allow for anatomical reconstruction of the native ACL footprint.Material and methodsMagnetic resonance images of 95 knees with an ACL rupture were used to create three-dimensional models of the femur. The femoral ACL footprint area was outlined on each model, and the location of the femoral ACL center was reported using an anatomical coordinate system. The distance of the femoral ACL center from the over-the-top position was measured.ResultsThe femoral ACL center demonstrated a high intersubject variability ranging from 1.8 mm (9%) to 12.3 mm (60%) posterior and from 7.7 mm (37%) distal to 4.8 mm (23%) proximal using the posterior condyle circle reference. The average distance of the femoral ACL center from the over-the-top position was 1.9 ± 1.5 mm posterior and 13.8 ± 2.7 mm distal, respectively. The contemporary over-the-top femoral ACL aimers could restore the femoral ACL center in only 6.5% of the patients.ConclusionsThe femoral ACL center demonstrated a high variation on its location, which resulted in a high intersubject variability from the over-the-top position. The contemporary over-the-top femoral tunnel guides do not provide sufficient offset to allow for an anatomical ACL reconstruction. Anteromedial-portal specific femoral ACL guides with a femoral offset ranging from 10 to 18 mm in the proximal/distal direction are required to restore the native ACL footprint.  相似文献   

12.
Unlike the English National Joint Registry (NJR) for arthroplasty, no surgeon driven national database currently exists for ligament surgery in England. Therefore information on outcome and adverse events following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery is limited to case series. This restricts the ability to make formal recommendations upon surgical care. Prospectively collected data, which is routinely collected on every NHS patient admitted to hospital in England, was analysed to determine national rates of 90-day symptomatic deep venous thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) rate, 30-day wound infection and readmission rates following primary ACL reconstruction between March 2008 and February 2010 (13,941 operations, annual incidence 13.5 per 100,000 English population). 90-day DVT and PTE rates were 0.30% (42) and 0.18% (25) respectively. There were no in-hospital deaths. 0.75% (104) of the consecutive patient cohort had a wound complication recorded. 0.25% (35) underwent a further procedure to wash out the infected knee joint and 1.36% (190) were readmitted to an orthopaedic ward within 30 days. This is the first national comprehensive study of the incidence of significant complications following ACL surgery in England. This should allow meaningful interpretation of future baseline data supporting the development of a national ligament registry.  相似文献   

13.
目的 比较关节镜下保留及非保留残端重建前交叉韧带 (anterior cruciate ligament, ACL) 的疗效。 方法 选择我院2014.03~2015.05收治的64例有韧带残端残留的ACL断裂患者64例为研究对象,采用关节镜下四股自体腘绳肌腱单束重建技术,随机分为两组,即保留残端组和非保留残端组,每组32例,非保残组给予切除残端行常规关节镜手术重建ACL,保残组在保留残端的基础上行关节镜下ACL重建术。记录比较两组术前、术后关节稳定性及功能评分进行对比,术后1年测本体感觉,部分患者二次手术时探查重建韧带。 结果 64 例均获随访,随访时间 12~27个月。术后1年Lysholm评分,非保残组平均91.9分,保残平均93.2分;IKDC 评分功能在A、B级非保残组29例,保残组30例;抽屉试验阴性非保残组29例保残组31例,Lachman 试验阴性两组均为30例,比较差异均无统计学意义( P>0.05);两组的本体感觉重复试验无差异,患者自述关节稳定性及位置觉以观察组稍优,术后共有9例患者二次行关节镜手术,对照组4例,观察组5例,镜下见对照滑膜覆盖率及韧带表面光滑度较观察组稍差,因例数太少,未行统计学分析。 结论 关节镜下保留残端与非保留残端单束重建术重建 ACL ,均能获得满意的临床效果,但关节镜下保留残端患者有更好的自我感觉,可能和保留残端有利于移植物的再血管化及本体感受器的恢复有关,需要更多的数据来进行统计学分析。  相似文献   

14.

Background

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of anterolateral ligament (ALL) injuries on stability and second-look arthroscopic findings after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Methods

One-hundred and nineteen consecutive patients underwent a second-look arthroscopic surgery after ACL reconstruction and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination of the ALL. The patients were divided into an ALL intact group (n?=?39) and ALL injured group (n?=?80). The ALL injuries were divided according to the three anatomical parts of the ALL (femoral, meniscal, and tibial) using MRI evaluation. Stability and clinical results were evaluated using the Lachman test, pivot-shift test, KT-2000 arthrometer, and Lysholm score. On second-look arthroscopy, graft tension and synovial coverage were evaluated.

Results

The clinical evaluation revealed no significant differences in ALL injury. Although the synovial coverages showed no significant difference (P?=?0.113), the second-look arthroscopic findings indicated that tension was statistically significantly dependent on the ALL injury (P?<?0.001). In addition, according to the location of the ALL injury, femoral, tibial, and combined ALL injuries showed significant differences in graft tension as compared with the ALL intact group; only the meniscal injuries had no effect on graft tension.

Conclusion

Combined ACL and ALL injuries showed poor graft tension in the second-look arthroscopic findings after allograft transtibial ACL reconstruction, even though no significant differences in clinical outcomes and stability were observed.  相似文献   

15.
目的探讨关节镜下LARS(Ligament Advanced Reinforcement System,LARS)人工韧带同时重建前(An-terior cruciate ligament,ACL)、后交叉韧带(posterior cruciate ligament,PCL)的方法和临床疗效。方法从2006年1月至2007年4月,用LARS人工韧带同时重建ACL、PCL2例。应用Lysholm功能评分表评估膝关节功能,采用抽屉实验检查膝关节前后松弛度。结果2例均获得随访,随访时间分别为8月、3月。2例患者术后患膝关节不稳定症状消失,胫骨后坠征阴性,前、后抽屉试验阴性。膝关节功能评估采用Lysholm功能评分标准,术前平均分别为45.6±7.6分,术后平均为80.3±9.1分。结论关节镜下应用LARS人工韧带同时重建ACL、PCL可更好地恢复膝芙节的稳定性,且创伤小,并发症少,近期疗效满意,但远期效果仍需进一步观察。  相似文献   

16.
目的探讨关节镜下采用自体骨-中1/3髌腱-骨(B-PT-B)复合体移植重建前交叉韧带(ACL)的手术方法、疗效及影响因素。方法在膝关节镜监视下采用挤压螺钉固定自体B-PT-B重建ACL132例,同时处理合并伤。术后给予严格的有计划的康复训练,定期检查关节功能,进行Lysholm评分。结果术后随访1—7年,平均2年7个月。132例中优85例,良33例,可14例;良、可患者皆为早期病例,优良率89.4%。全组均未发生髌骨骨折、髌腱断裂等并发损伤,患者均在短期内恢复日常生活和正常运动功能。结论关节镜下自体B—T—B重建ACL疗效确切、操作简便,手术技术改进与熟练可进一步有效地控制并发症增加疗效。  相似文献   

17.
膝关节后交叉韧带解剖研究及临床意义   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5  
目的:对后交叉韧带的解剖结构进行观察研究,为临床诊治提供解剖学基础。方法:对42例人膝关节标本PCL进行观察,测量其长度、宽度和厚度以及附着区的形态;应用显微外科技术对14具新鲜冷冻标本进行解剖;对PCL行组织学观察,掌握其微观结构。结果:PCL长(33.8±1.3)mm(31.0~37.0mm),两端粗大,最窄处位于中间。PCL是不可分割的完整韧带,由许多纤维组成并发生扭转,纤维束相互穿插融合。组织切片示PCL近端和远端纤维分布松散,中段紧密。结论:PCL是完整的韧带,各束之间有交叉纤维联结。  相似文献   

18.

Background

Soccer is one of the most common international sports in which ACL injuries occur, with previous studies reporting high return-to-play rates following ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Return-to-play analysis fails to take into consideration how effective a player remains once returning to competition. The aims of this study are to provide a large-scale international analysis of return-to-play and player performance statistics among professional soccer athletes following ACLR.

Methods

Using publicly available sources, professional soccer athletes who have undergone ACLR between the 1996 and 2015 seasons were identified. Player metrics including statistical performance, recovery time, and return-to-play rates were analyzed both before and after reconstruction. Furthermore, player performance statistics during each of three consecutive seasons post-ACLR were compared.

Results

A total of 176 athletes who underwent ACLR were included in this study. The return-to-play rate was 93.2% (164 athletes). Cumulative post-surgical statistical analysis of ACLR players demonstrated fewer games/season, minutes/season, minutes/game, goals/season, and more fouls/season following ACLR (p?<?0.04). Analysis of player performance statistics suggests that athletes do not return to their baseline number of games/season and minutes/game until two and three seasons post-ACLR, respectively. At three seasons post-ACLR, athletes are still starting fewer games/season and scoring fewer goals/90?min (p?<?0.04).

Conclusion

Return-to-play rate is high following ACLR; however, athletes exhibit poorer statistical performance, especially in the first few seasons upon return. Our data shows that athletes continue to start fewer games/season and score fewer goals/90?min at three seasons post-ACLR.  相似文献   

19.
Surgeon recommendation is the primary influence for patients choosing a graft for their ACL reconstruction. However, it is unknown if demographic factors also play a role. We hypothesize that education, age, and living in an urban setting may influence a patient's graft choice. Patients who had an ACL reconstruction from 2005 to 2009 were identified retrospectively, and received a written survey on their demographics and the factors affecting graft choice. They also rated their perception of those factors based on a Likert scale. Out of 471 surveys distributed, 151 responses were received. The mean follow-up time was 19 months (range, 1 to 63 months). Autograft was used in 57%. Surgeon recommendation was the primary factor in graft choice (63%). 87.4% of patients felt they made the right choice; only 4.6% would have picked a different graft if they could choose over again. More than half (51.7%) of patients did significant personal research, and used mostly medical websites (41.1%). 67.6% of patients were not adverse to allograft. The primary factor for patients in graft choice was surgeon recommendation. Still, the use of medical websites was widespread, and patients in an urban environment were less likely to rely solely on their surgeon's recommendation. Older patients were more concerned with autograft donor site morbidity, and patients with a higher level of education were less averse to allograft.  相似文献   

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