微电解-Fenton法处理2—3酸生产废水的研究

采用微电解 Fenton法进行了2—3酸生产废水(CODCr的质量浓度为3000～4000mg/L,色度为32～64倍)处理的试验研究,分别对微电解反应和Fenton反应的条件、影响、结果逐一进行讨论,得出结论:微电解反应出水经过4～5h的Fenton反应和碱性条件下15～20min的混凝沉淀后,废水中CODCr质量浓度为120～140mg/L,CODCr去除率达95%以上。     

酸析—微电解—Fenton氧化预处理亚麻脱胶废水的研究

高浓度亚麻脱胶废水CODCr、色度都很高,不宜直接进行生物处理.试验采用酸析-微电解-Fenton氧化的预处理工艺,并对反应的影响因素进行了研究,试验结果表明,在pH=3,微电解90 min,H2O2投量1 500 mg/L,Fenton氧化120 min的条件下,CODCr去除率可以达到71.4%,色度去除率超过90%.同时该方法提高了废水的可生化性,有利于后续的生化处理.     

预氧化法处理废纸造纸废水中COD的研究

采用预氧化 混凝法处理废纸造纸废水。研究表明 ,以KMnO4 为氧化剂在最佳处理条件下 ,废水的CODCr去除率达 89%～ 94 % ,BOD5去除率达 90 %。     

双氧水强化微电解法深度处理造纸中段废水的研究

采用H2O2和微电解法联用对造纸中段废水二级生化处理后出水进行深度处理试验,结果表明:在pH为3、铁炭比(体积比)为2、H2O2投量为0.5Qth的最优条件下,当处理时间控制在45min及空气为载气源时,中段废水的脱色率可达98%以上,CODCr去除率可达78%。可见,进水中H2O2的加入对微电解法具有明显的强化作用,载气不仅加速了反应速度,还节省了双氧水用量。     

石灰法处理甲醛废水的试验研究

采用石灰法处理甲醛废水,取得了良好的效果。结果表明:石灰法能有效降低甲醛废水中的甲醛浓度。在合适的反应条件下,降解甲醛浓度为2001.5mg/L、CODCr为3019mg/L的甲醛废水,反应90min后,能使甲醛和CODCr的去除率分别达99.93%和5.58%。石灰投加量、反应温度、水样pH、水样起始甲醛浓度对最终处理效果都有一定程度的影响。     

活性染料废水的电解絮凝预处理研究

探讨电解絮凝对活性染料废水的预处理效果,对影响处理效果的各因素进行试验分析,确定最佳试验条件。正交试验结果表明,电解电压对电解处理效果的影响最大,其次是电解后废水的pH,然后依次是极板间距和电解时间。活性炭对电解絮凝处理的促进效果明显。预处理后废水CODCr去除率达59.9％,脱色效果好,废水透光率达到98％,BOD5／CODCr由原来0.1提高至0.3,可生化性大大提高,为生物处理奠定了基础。     

电凝聚对厨房废水处理的试验研究

采用电凝聚对厨房废水进行处理。通过改变电流密度、电解时间、沉淀时间等条件 ,进行了对废水中的COD ,浊度 ,NH3-N ,油 ,TP去除率的试验研究。当COD为 2 2 6 4mg/L ,油 15 5 4mg/L ,浊度 330 3NTU ,NH3-N 4 5mg/L ,TP 2 1 36mg/L时 ,在电流密度 2 0A/m2 ,沉淀时间 15min ,电解时间 10min的条件下 ,COD和氨氮去除率接近 70 % ,油的去除率达 90 %以上 ;对TP和浊度也有较好的去除效果     

超声内电解协同作用对对硝基苯酚的处理

通过超声波、内电解以及其联合作用对对硝基苯酚(P-NP)进行处理,试验发现在相同处理率的条件下,两者联用可以大大缩短处理时间.单纯内电解处理10 mg/L的P-NP去除率大于90%时需要30 min,而加入超声波强化后只需不到10 min.同时通过动力学分析可知,超声波、内电解、超声协同内电解处理P-NP均符合一级反应,且超声波强化内电解具有协同作用,其反应速率常数的增强因子为1.37.     

微电解—膨润土联合处理维生素B_(12)提炼废水中试研究

中试采用微电解—膨润土法联合处理维生素B12废水,处理量为1 m3/h。结果表明,吸光度和CODCr的去除率分别为82.6%和21.9%,可以有效去除吸光度和部分CODCr,出水色度低且固液分离效果好。微电解—膨润土组合工艺,无需额外投加酸碱等药品,运行成本低,可以有效实现以废治废。     

煤气厂洗气废水处理的试验研究

采用铁盐沉淀电解生化工艺进行煤气厂洗气废水处理试验。试验结果表明 :废水经铁盐沉淀、电解及水解酸化工序后 ,废水的可生化性显著提高 ,经好氧生化处理后的水质指标符合国家有关排放标准 ,CODCr的总去除率达 89%。     

新型铁碳微电解材料对水体磷的净化效果

传统铁碳微电解填料在除磷过程中出现的填料板结、沟流等问题不但会导致水体除磷效果降低,而且填料上脱落的碳颗粒导致产泥量增大还会增加后续处理成本。为此,采用铁基材料和碳纤维组成的新型铁碳微电解材料为除磷材料,以碳纤维、铁基材料等除磷材料为对照,考察了新型铁碳微电解材料对武汉市某湖泊水体总磷的去除效果及不同处理时间对水体总铁浓度和浊度的影响。结果表明:间歇曝气处理10 h,新型铁碳微电解材料、铁基材料和碳纤维对水体磷的去除率分别为80.00%、76.73%、2.86%;铁碳微电解处理72 h后静置96 h,水体总磷浓度从静置前的0.052 mg/L降至0.012 mg/L,水体总磷达《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)Ⅱ类标准,水体浊度和水体总铁浓度均变化不明显,最终分别为4.14 NTU和0.089 mg/L;悬挂于水体中的新型铁碳微电解材料未出现填料板结、沟流等现象,且水处理过程中仅产生铁絮凝物,克服了传统铁碳填料中因碳颗粒脱落导致产泥量增大等问题,提高了水体磷的去除率,而且水体浊度和总铁浓度增加不明显。研究成果有助于探寻水体富营养化治理的新途径。     

铁碳微电解—A/O组合工艺处理精细化工废水

嘉兴某精细化工厂采用铁碳微电解—A/O组合工艺处理生产废水.运行结果表明,出水水质稳定,COD去除率可达79.12％,出水可稳定达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)三级排放标准,工艺处理成本为1.1元/m3.该工艺具有处理效果好、耐冲击负荷能力强、经济效益高等特点,在精细化工废水的处理中具有很好的应用价值.     

预氧化微电解技术预处理高含盐氯碱废水

为了有效处理含有复杂有机污染物的高含盐氯碱废水,采用预氧化微电解工艺预处理该类废水。试验结果表明:在曝气充氧条件下,停留时间为4 h、DO质量浓度保持在1.0 mg/L左右时,COD的去除率在25%左右,多种复杂有机污染物可得到有效的降解,为后续好氧生化处理创造了良好条件。采用本文工艺平均处理成本仅为0.08元/m3。     

改进型合并净化槽处理生活污水的影响因素

通过设置改性复合填料和微电解铁屑床对合并净化槽进行工艺改进,采用厌氧(缺氧)好氧(A2/O)工艺处理生活污水。为优化该装置处理生活污水的效果,分别选取水力停留时间、有机负荷、污泥回流比作为运行条件进行试验室中试研究。结合试验结果和经济效益,得出最佳运行条件:水体停留时间为8 h,此时系统对COD、TN和TP的去除率分别为95%、63%8、7%;COD有机负荷为2.7 g/(L.d),该条件下出水COD、TN和TP平均去除率分别可达到90%、74%、88%;污泥回流比为75%,此时净化槽出水COD、TN和TP平均去除率分别达到95%、70%、94%。     

Enhanced removal of chemical oxygen demand, nitrogen and phosphorus using the ameliorative anoxic/anaerobic/oxic process and micro-electrolysis

Synthetic wastewater was treated using a novel system integrating the reversed anoxic/anaerobic/oxic (RAAO) process, a micro-electrolysis (ME) bed and complex biological media. The system showed superior chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) removal rates. Performance of the system was optimised by considering the influences of three major controlling factors, namely, hydraulic retention time (HRT), organic loading rate (OLR) and mixed liquor recirculation (MLR). TP removal efficiencies were 69, 87, 87 and 83% under the HRTs of 4, 8, 12 and 16 h. In contrast, HRT had negligible effects on the COD and TN removal efficiencies. COD, TN and TP removal efficiencies from synthetic wastewater were 95, 63 and 87%, respectively, at an OLR of 1.9 g/(L·d). The concentrations of COD, TN and TP in the effluent were less than 50, 15 and 1 mg/L, respectively, at the controlled MLR range of 75-100%. In this system, organics, TN and TP were primarily removed from anoxic tank regardless of the operational conditions.     

长江河口悬浮颗粒表面特性的初步研究

本文根据对比实验长江河口悬浮体分别经由偏磷酸钠（NaPO3)分散剂、超声波处理和加双氧水（H2O2）高温蒸煮去除有机物，使用FACScan流式细胞仪测定自然荧光和异硫氰酸荧光素（FITC）染色后颗粒荧光特性。发现去除长江河口悬浮颗粒表面有机物后，悬浮颗粒的大小发生了改变；认为长江河口沿程悬浮颗粒的比表面积的变化主要是由于悬浮颗粒物质有机物组成的不同和水团颗粒物质组成不同产生；长江河口悬浮体对重金属元素的吸附主要是通过颗粒表面的有机物来进行的。     

水源水中藻类及藻毒素控制试验研究

研究了氯、高锰酸钾、臭氧等单独预氧化及与混凝沉淀联合作用时,水源水中藻类及藻毒素含量的变化规律,发现预氧化对藻类的去除作用有限,混凝沉淀对藻毒素的去除作用也有限,而两者的联合作用可提高对藻类和藻毒素的去除效果;在合适的投加量下,藻类去除率在80%以上,藻毒素的去除率近90%,可有效减轻后续处理工艺的负荷,保障饮用水的安全。     

Degradation of acephate using combined ultrasonic and ozonation method

The degradation of acephate in aqueous solutions was investigated with the ultrasonic and ozonation methods, as well as a combination of both. An experimental facility was designed and operation parameters such as the ultrasonic power, temperature, and gas flow rate were strictly controlled at constant levels. The frequency of the ultrasonic wave was 160 k Hz. The ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis) spectroscopic and Raman spectroscopic techniques were used in the experiment. The UV-Vis spectroscopic results show that ultrasonication and ozonation have a synergistic effect in the combined system. The degradation efficiency of acephate increases from 60.6% to 87.6% after the solution is irradiated by a160 k Hz ultrasonic wave for 60 min in the ozonation process, and it is higher with the combined method than the sum of the separated ultrasonic and ozonation methods. Raman spectra studies show that degradation via the combined ultrasonic/ozonation method is more thorough than photocatalysis. The oxidability of nitrogen atoms is promoted under ultrasonic waves. Changes of the inorganic ions and degradation pathway during the degradation process were investigated in this study. Most final products are innocuous to the environment.     

Effect of low power ultrasound on aerobic/anoxic digestion of activated sludge

The effect of low power ultrasound on aerobic/anoxic digestion of activated sludge was investigated. First, dehydrogenate activity (DHA) and special oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) were detected to indicate the change of biological activity of sludge induced by ultrasound. Single-factor experiments showed that when the ultrasonic frequency was 28 kHz, the optimal ultrasonic density and exposure time were 0.15 W/mL and 10 min, respectively. Through orthogonal tests, the optimal ultrasonic parameters for aerobic/anoxic digestion were found to be a ultrasonic density of 0.15 W/mL, ultrasonic exposure time of 10 min and interval time of 12 h. The aerobic/anoxic digestion was improved by ultrasonic pretreatment, the VSS reduction at the optimal conditions was increased by 35.73%, compared with the control. It can be concluded that low power ultrasonic pretreatment is a valid method for improving aerobic/anoxic biodegradability of activated sludge.