中药地龙的药源调查与商品鉴定

经对我国地龙药材的药源调查与商品鉴定，结果表明，地龙的原动物主要有13种和变种。分别隶属于钜蚓科和正蚓科的3个属。其中90％以上的商品地龙来源于药典收载品种参环毛蚓Pherctimaaspergillum（E．perrier）和威廉环毛蚓P．guillelmi（Michaelsen）、栉盲坏毛蚓P．pectinifera（Michaelsen）及通俗环毛蚓P.vulgaris（Chien）。其它品种如背暗异唇蚓Allolobophoracaliginosatrapezoides（Ant．Duges）、湖北环毛蚓P.hypeiessis（Michaelsen）、秉前环毛蚓P．praepinguis（Gates）等9种蚯蚓仅在少数地区使用。     

地龙的研究进展

地龙为环节动物门钜蚓科动物参环毛蚓Pheretimaas pergilum(E Perrier)、通俗环毛蚓P vulgarisChen、威廉环毛蚓P guillelmi(Michaelsen)或栉肓毛蚓P pectiniferaMichaelsen的干燥体。前一种习称“广地龙”,后三种习称“泸地龙”,主产于广西、广东、福建。性寒,味咸。清热定惊,通络、平喘,利尿;用于高热神昏惊痫抽搐,关节麻痹,肢体麻木,半身不遂,肺热喘咳,尿少水肿,高血压症。地龙是我国重要的中药材之一。最早的中药学专著《神农本草经》中收载的6 7种动物药中就有蚯蚓。李时珍著《本草纲目》虫部4 2卷中用蚯蚓入药的处方有4 0多种。《…     

蚯蚓中的微量元素合量测定及其作用探讨

蚯蚓,又名地龙。中药材来源为环节动物巨蚓科参环毛蚓(Phertima aspergill-um)和缟蚯蚓(Allolobphora Trapezo-ides)等的干燥虫体。均为野生。中药学者认为,此虫可入药,其有清热镇痉、通络、利尿、平喘,降血压等功效,因此,可     

HPLC法测定沪地龙中次黄嘌呤

沪地龙是钜蚓科通俗环毛蚓P heretim a vu l-garis Chen、威廉环毛蚓P. gu illelm i M ichaelsen或栉盲环毛蚓P. p ectin if era M ichaelsen的干燥体。夏季捕捉,及时剖开腹部,除去内脏及泥砂,洗净,晒干或低温干燥。地龙具有清热定惊、通络、平喘、利尿的功能,用于高热神昏、惊痫抽搐、关节痹痛、肢体麻木、半身不遂、肺热喘咳、尿少水肿及高血压[1]。地龙分为广地龙与沪地龙,过去主要使用广地龙,而近年来上海也养殖地龙,但对沪地龙的研究较少,据报道次黄嘌呤是地龙扩张支气管成分,从地龙中分离出的次黄嘌呤有抗组胺、降血压等作用[1]。…     

参环毛蚓中溶栓活性蛋白酶的纯化和检测

参环毛蚓Pheretima aspergillum (E．Perrier)为《中华人民共和国药典》2000年版一部中收载的地龙药材来源之一。地龙始载于《神农本草经》，具有通络、利尿、清热、定惊、平喘之功，临床常用于高热神昏、惊厥抽搐、关节痹痛、半身不遂、高血压等。日本学者从赤子爱胜蚓中提取出类似尿激酶的物质，     

参环毛蚓细胞原代培养灭菌方法的研究

[目的]选择最佳灭菌方法,建立参环毛蚓细胞原代培养实验体系.[方法]通过4因素和3水平的正交试验法考察不同浓度比例抗生素组合液对参环毛蚓细胞的灭菌效果,比较不同抗生素种类和浓度对参环毛蚓细胞原代培养的影响.[结果]以抗生素组合液200 U/mL青霉素钠+400μg/mL硫酸链霉素+300U/mL硫酸庆大霉素+5μg/m...     

蚯蚓活性成分与应用研究进展

蚯蚓(earthworm或lumbricus)俗称地龙，又名曲蟮、肾蚕、虫蟮等，为环节动物门(Aneelida)寡毛纲(Oligochaeta)动物，其种类繁多，资源丰富，在我国入药已有四千多年历史，《本草纲目》称其“治大腹黄疸”，“治中风疾病”，“化为水，疗伤寒”等等。我国蚯蚓约有3000余种，供药用者仅有秉氏环毛蚓(Pheretima camosa)、赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia foetida)、背     

抗栓用参环毛蚓水提取方法的筛选

目的优选抗栓用参环毛蚓的最佳水提工艺。方法采用L9(34)正交试验法筛选最佳水提条件。结果最佳水提条件为第1次加4倍水,浸泡30 min,第2次加3倍水,浸泡30 min。结论采用本工艺提取参环毛蚓溶栓效价为300 U/g,该工艺稳定、可行。     

参环毛蚓肠上皮细胞重金属镉离子的耐受性研究

【目的】观察参环毛蚓肠上皮细胞(IEC)对重金属镉离子(Cd2+)的耐受能力,探讨其耐受特性与广地龙药材重金属超标的相关性。【方法】采用不同浓度Cd2+对参环毛蚓IEC进行胁迫处理,分别利用台盼蓝染色法和噻唑蓝法测定细胞死亡率和细胞活力,并借助显微镜观察与比较参环毛蚓IEC胁迫处理前后的形态变化。【结果】IEC对Cd2+的耐受特性主要表现为:①未经孵育时IEC可耐受Cd2+的最高浓度为8μmol/mL;②胁迫处理24 h后IEC可耐受Cd2+的最高浓度为6.25×10-2μmol/mL;③胁迫处理48 h时,IEC可耐受Cd2+的最高浓度为3.125×10-2μmol/mL,上述3个浓度分别是《中华人民共和国药典》(2010年版)中地龙项下镉限量指标的2 997.33、23.33和11.66倍;④IEC对Cd2+的耐受性在一定的时间范围内与剂量呈负相关。【结论】参环毛蚓IEC对重金属Cd2+具有较高的耐受性。Cd2+对IEC的毒性作用不是接触性的损伤,而有可能是产生于细胞代谢过程中。     

两种蚯蚓的营养成分分析

蚯蚓的营养价值高,可作为禽畜、鱼类等的饲料。本文对日本赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia faetide)及广东参环毛蚓(Pheretima aspergillum)两种蚯蚓的营养成分,包括蛋白质及氨基酸,脂肪,水分,灰分,钙,磷,铁等作了分析和讨论。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.