偏头痛患者失能因素分析

目的探讨影响偏头痛患者失能相关因素,为优化偏头痛患者管理提供帮助。方法选择本院门诊178例偏头痛患者,完成偏头痛残疾程度评估量表(MIDAS)和头痛影响测验调查问卷(HIT-6),并记录患者年龄、性别、频率(每月头痛发作次数)、头痛程度评分、初发头痛持续时间、体质量指数(BMI)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)评分、患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)评分、阿森斯失眠量表(AIS)评分及是否药物滥用、是否先兆性头痛。按MIDAS和HIT-6量表将偏头痛患者分为失能和无失能2组,比较2组年龄、性别、频率(每月头痛发作次数)、头痛程度、初发头痛持续时间、BMI、GAD-7、PHQ-9、是否药物滥用、是否先兆性头痛、是否睡眠障碍。再以与是否失能有统计意义的因素为自变量,是否失能为因变量,进行多元线性回归分析。结果单因素分析显示,是否药物滥用、疼痛程度评分、BMI、频率、PHQ-9评分、GAD-7评分、AIS评分与失能有关(P0.05)。多因素分析显示,抑郁、焦虑评分、AIS评分未进入回归方程(P0.05),是否药物滥用、疼痛程度评分、BMI、频率与失能独立相关(P0.05)。结论偏头痛患者滥用止痛药,发作时头痛程度,发作频率,体质量指数,焦虑影响患者失能。     

黛力新治疗伴抑郁或焦虑的偏头痛临床分析

目的探索治疗偏头痛伴有抑郁和(或)焦虑患者的有效办法以及研究加用抗抑郁/焦虑药物是否比头痛发作时单用镇痛药物疗效更佳。方法将60例伴有抑郁和(或)焦虑的偏头痛患者随机分为2组各30例。治疗组用黛力新、非言(非甾体抗炎药,主要成分是双氯芬酸钠)和硫必利治疗,对照组给予非言、硫必利治疗,疗程均为6周;于治疗前及治疗后2、4、6周末记录前1周头痛发作次数、持续时间和头痛程度,同时用汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分(HAMD)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表评分(HAMA)。结果治疗组患者头痛发作次数显著减少,头痛程度显著减轻,头痛发作持续时间缩短(P0.05或P0.01);同时能显著减少HAMD及HAMA评分(P0.05或P0.01)。结论伴有抑郁和(或)焦虑的偏头痛患者,除对症治疗外,可以合并应用黛力新。     

黛力新治疗伴有精神症状偏头痛的临床分析

目的探索偏头痛伴有抑郁和(或)焦虑症状的有效治疗方法。方法将伴有抑郁和(或)焦虑症状的偏头痛患者128例随机均分为2组,即治疗组用黛力新(氟哌噻吨美利曲辛合剂)+醋氯芬酸钠片,对照组用醋氯芬酸钠片进行随机对照研究,同时用汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分(HAMD)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表评分(HAMA);对其抑郁和(或)焦虑情况进行治疗前及治疗后(第2、4、6周)进行评估。结果治疗组能显著减少头痛发作次数(第4周P0.05,第6周P0.01),显著减轻头痛程度(第2周P0.05,第4、6周均P0.01),缩短头痛发作持续时间(第2、4、6周均P0.01),同时能显著减少HAMD(第2周P0.05,第4、6周均P0.01)及HAMA(第2、4、6周均P0.01)。结论伴有抑郁和(或)焦虑症状的偏头痛患者,除对症治疗外,合并应用黛力新疗效更佳。     

黛力新联合西比灵治疗偏头痛伴抑郁和焦虑90例疗效观察

目的观察黛力新联合西比灵治疗偏头痛伴焦虑、抑郁情绪患者的疗效与不良反应。方法将90例伴抑郁和焦虑的偏头痛患者随机均分为2组,治疗组给予黛力新与西比灵口服,对照组单用西比灵,均以6周为1个疗程。根据治疗前后头痛发作次数、持续时间及头痛严重程度的变化进行疗效评定,并用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）和汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）进行评分,自制副反应量表记录不良反应。结果两种治疗方法均可显著减少偏头痛发作次数,缩短头痛发作时间,减轻头痛程度（P〈0.05）;治疗组还可明显减轻患者的抑郁、焦虑症状,治疗后2、4、6周HAMD和HAMA评分的改善优于对照组（P〈0.01）;治疗组头痛持续时间缩短也优于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论黛力新联合西比灵治疗伴情绪障碍的偏头痛疗效较好,不良反应不需作特殊处理。     

偏头痛患者伴发焦虑/抑郁及功能残疾的临床研究

目的调查偏头痛患者伴发焦虑、抑郁、睡眠障碍、偏头痛相关功能残疾及影响因素分析。方法采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)、匹兹堡睡眠量表(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PQSI)、偏头痛残疾程度评估量表(migraine disability assessment scale,MIDAS)、头痛影响测验(headache impact test-6,HIT-6)调查问卷,分别对94例符合ICHD-II诊断标准的偏头痛患者和60例健康对照者焦虑、抑郁、睡眠障碍、偏头痛情况以及相关危险因素进行对比分析。结果偏头痛患者47.9%伴发焦虑;50.0%伴发抑郁,睡眠障碍发生率58.5%。偏头痛组焦虑、抑郁和睡眠障碍发生率都明显高于健康对照组的8.3%,16.7%,30.0%,(掊2分别为28.728,20.755,10.954,P值均<0.01)。多元逐步回归分析显示:头痛程度重、病程长、头痛家族史、睡眠质量差、生活满意度低是偏头痛并发焦虑/抑郁的主要危险因素。头痛程度、发作频率、持续时间、伴发焦虑/抑郁是导致功能残疾的主要影响因素。结论头痛程度、病程、家族史、睡眠质量、生活满意度是偏头痛并发精神心理症状的主要危险因素。     

老年急性脑梗死患者认知功能障碍与焦虑、抑郁情绪的关系

目的探讨老年急性脑梗死(ACI)患者认知功能障碍与焦虑、抑郁情绪的相关性。方法回顾性分析ACI老年患者112例临床资料,根据蒙特利尔认知量表(MoCA)评分,分为认知功能障碍组(43例)、无认知功能障碍组(69例)。比较两组临床资料及焦虑(HAMA)、抑郁(HAMD)、认知(MoCA)评分;分析焦虑、抑郁对认知功能障碍的影响及MoCA与HAMA、HAMD评分相关性。结果两组患者在年龄、受教育程度、焦虑程度、抑郁程度、HAMA、HAMD、MoCA评分存在差异(P0.05)。Logistic回归显示:重度焦虑、重度抑郁、年龄80岁是老年ACI患者认知功能障碍的危险因素(P0.05)。Pearson相关性显示:MoCA评分与HAMA、HAMD评分均呈负相关(均P0.05)。ROC曲线显示:HAMA及HAMD评分预警老年ACI患者认知功能障碍的AUC为0.726、0.709;最佳临界值依次为16.5、25.5;灵敏度、特异度:HAMA为53.5%、81.2%,HAMD为51.2%、84.1%。结论重度焦虑、重度抑郁的老年ACI患者更易产生认知功能障碍,且HAMA、HAMD评分对该类患者认知功能障碍具有一定预警作用。     

黛力新治疗48例伴有抑郁或焦虑的偏头痛患者的临床分析

目的探索治疗偏头痛伴有抑郁和/或焦虑患者的有效方法以及研究加用抗抑郁/焦虑药物是否比头痛发作时单用镇痛药物疗效更佳。方法将88例伴有抑郁和/或焦虑的偏头痛患者随机分为2组,治疗组48例,用氟哌噻吨及美利曲辛合剂(黛立新) 非言(非甾体抗炎药,主要成份是双氯芬酸钠)治疗,对照组40例,用散立痛治疗,并进行随机单盲对照研究,同时用汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分(HAMD)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表评分(HAMA),对其抑郁和/或焦虑进行治疗前及治疗后(第4,8周)的评估。结果治疗组患者头痛发作次数显著减少(第4周P<0.05,第8周P<0.01),头痛程度显著减轻(第4周P<0.05,第8周P<0.01),头痛发作持续时间缩短(第4,8周均P<0.01);同时能显著减少HAMD(第4,8周均P<0.01)及HAMA(第4,8周均P<0.01)。结论伴有抑郁和/或焦虑的偏头痛患者,除对症治疗外,可以合并应用黛立新。     

偏头痛伴有焦虑/抑郁及功能残疾的临床研究

目的探讨偏头痛伴焦虑/抑郁及功能残疾的相关功能残疾及影响因素。方法临床纳入94例确诊为偏头痛患者,并纳入70例健康人为对照组。分别发放焦虑自评量表(Self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(Self-rating depression scale,SDS)、匹兹堡睡眠量表(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PQSI)、偏头痛残疾程度评估量表(Migraine disability assessment scale,MIDAS)、头痛影响测验(Headache impact test-6,HIT-6)调查问卷,对患者的相关进行记录并统计。结果偏头痛组并发焦虑、抑郁、睡眠障碍发生率为47.87%、50.00%、54.26%,对照组为5.71%、8.57%、24.29%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);多元逐步分析显示:偏头痛伴焦虑/抑郁与患者的头痛程度重、病程长、有头痛家族史、睡眠质量差及生活满意度低有较为密切的联系(P0.05);患者头痛程度、发作频率、持续时间、伴发焦虑/抑郁是造成功能残疾的主要影响因素。结论头痛程度重、病程长、有头痛家族史、睡眠质量差及生活满意度低是偏头痛患者出现焦虑/抑郁等心理情绪发生的主要原因,而患者头痛程度、发作频率、持续时间、伴发焦虑、抑郁是造成患者发生功能残疾的主要原因。     

氟西汀治疗伴情绪障碍的偏头痛临床分析

目的探讨氟西汀治疗伴有抑郁和/或焦虑症状的偏头痛临床疗效。方法将伴有抑郁焦虑症状的偏头痛患者127例随机分为两组,即应用氟西汀的为治疗组,应用硫必利的为对照组,进行随机单盲对照研究,用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表评分(HAMA)对其抑郁焦虑状态进行治疗前及治疗后(第2、4、6周)评估。结果治疗组不仅可以明显减轻偏头痛患者所伴有的抑郁焦虑症状,还可以显著减轻偏头痛发作次数,缩短偏头痛发作持续时间。两组比较差异有显著性(P0.05)。结论氟西汀治疗伴有抑郁焦虑症状的偏头痛患者有较好疗效,且有一定的防复发作用。     

共患不宁腿综合征对偏头痛患者情绪和睡眠的影响

目的探讨偏头痛患者的不宁腿综合征(RLS)的发病率及其对情绪和睡眠的影响。方法对200例偏头痛患者(偏头痛组)和100名正常成人(对照组)进行RLS发病率、严重程度、睡眠质量和焦虑及抑郁程度评分,比较偏头痛人群与对照组之间的差异。并对共患有RLS的偏头痛患者的情绪和睡眠情况进行分析。结果成人慢性偏头痛组的RLS发病率(16.25%)较对照组(5%)高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);发作性偏头痛组的RLS发病率(12.5%)与对照组(5%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。共患RLS的偏头痛患者较单纯偏头痛者的睡眠质量差、焦虑及抑郁评分高,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。头痛频率及RLS为抑郁、焦虑及睡眠障碍的影响因素(均P0.05)。偏头痛患者的汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分及匹茨堡睡眠质量量表(PSQI)评分与国际RLS评估量表(IRLS)的相关系数分别为rHAMD=0.397、rHAMA=0.434和rPSQI=0.500;RLS严重程度与抑郁、焦虑及睡眠障碍的严重程度呈正相关关系(均P0.05)。结论慢性偏头痛患者的RLS发病率更高,且RLS症状更严重。RLS的严重程度与抑郁、焦虑和睡眠障碍程度呈正相关关系。     

The prevalence and severity of insomnia in university students and their associations with migraine,tension-type headache,anxiety and depression disorders: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThere is possibly an association between migraine, tension-type headache, anxiety, depression and insomnia. These conditions are prevalent among university students. Our primary objective was to verify whether students with primary headaches (migraine and tension-type headache) have a higher prevalence of insomnia. Our secondary objective was to assess whether the impact of headaches was associated with greater severity of insomnia.MethodsCross-sectional study. 440 students out of 3030 were randomly selected. A semi-structured questionnaire containing information about the characteristics of the headaches, including their frequencies in the last 3 months; the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6); the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale; and the Insomnia Severity Index were used.Results420 students (95.5%) agreed to participate; 51.4% men; median age of 21 (19, 23); 95 (22.6%) had insomnia; 265 (63.1%), migraine; 152 (36.2%), tension-type headache; 201 (47.9%) suffered from anxiety and 108 (25.7%), from depression. The severe impact of headache (HIT-6>55 points; OR = 3.9; p = 0.003) and anxiety (OR = 3.6; p = 0.003) were associated with insomnia (logistic regression). The severity of insomnia was positively and significantly correlated with the impact (HIT-6 score), with frequency of headache, and with having anxiety (multiple linear regression).ConclusionsThe diagnoses of migraine and tension-type headache are not associated with the presence of insomnia. The severity of insomnia is associated with the impact and the frequency of the headaches.     

奥氮平联合帕罗西汀治疗伴焦虑症状的抑郁症的对照研究

目的观察奥氮平联合帕罗西汀对伴有焦虑症状的抑郁症的临床疗效和安全性。方法选取同时符合《国际疾病分类(第10版)》(ICD-10)及《精神疾病诊断与统计手册(第5版)》(DSM-V)抑郁症诊断标准且伴有焦虑症状的患者80例,采用随机数字表分为研究组和对照组。研究组42例,给予帕罗西汀合并奥氮平治疗,对照组38例,给予帕罗西汀治疗,疗程均为8周。在治疗前和治疗后1、2、4、6、8周采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)及汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评定临床疗效,采用副反应量表(TESS)评定不良反应。结果治疗8周末两组HAMD和HAMA评分均较治疗前低(P0.01)。研究组第1周和第2周睡眠障碍因子分、焦虑/躯体化因子分,HAMA总评分,以及第6~8周HAMD总评分低于对照组(P均0.05)。结论帕罗西汀联合奥氮平治疗伴有焦虑症状的抑郁症的效果优于单用帕罗西汀,起效快,不良反应少。     

Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) Scores for Migraine Patients: Their Relation to Disability as Measured from a Headache Diary

Background and Purpose

Complete information on migraine-related disabilities facilitate the making of appropriate treatment decisions. Although the accessibility and ease of use of the Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) make it a very promising instrument, there are few data available for comparing HIT-6 scores with the actual amount of disability.

Methods

To determine whether the disability measured using the HIT-6 questionnaire realistically reflects the amount of disability as extracted from a headache diary, which would help when deciding a management plan, 130 patients with migraine without aura were instructed to complete a headache diary on the days on which headache occurred. Each diary booklet also contained questions on the resulting disability, and comprised five items originating from the Migraine Disability Assessment Scale. After submitting their diaries, the participants completed the HIT-6 for the same time period.

Results

Disability as recorded in diaries was present for a mean of 2.7 days per month, and its duration differed significantly with HIT-6 score: 0.9, 2.6, and 4.6 days per month for littleto-no impact, moderate impact, and severe impact, respectively. The summed disability score from diaries was also related to the HIT-6 score. Headache frequency was the only headache characteristic that contributed significantly to the HIT-6 score.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that the HIT-6 could be useful for assessing headache-related disability in migraine patients, especially given that the questionnaire is both simple and ease of use.     

Evaluation of the prophylactic efficacy of amitriptyline and citalopram, alone or in combination, in patients with comorbidity of depression, migraine, and tension-type headache

Antidepressants are used to treat chronic daily headache disorders such as migraine and chronic tension-type headache (TTH), which are often associated with depression and anxiety. Here, we studied the efficacy and tolerability of amitriptyline and citalopram, given alone or in combination, in patients with 'triple' comorbidity of depression, TTH, and migraine. Eighty-eight patients were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into two groups. The first group received amitriptyline and the second citalopram for 16 weeks. Patients were assessed at weeks 0, 4, 8, and 16. The two drugs were equally efficacious in relieving depressive symptoms, although amitriptyline was more efficacious than citalopram in reducing migraine and TTH attacks. Patients who did not respond to monotherapy (<30% of improvement in the clinical scores) were treated with a combination of the two drugs for 16 additional weeks. In these selected patients, the combined treatment produced a substantial improvement in depression, migraine and TTH without producing major side effects such as those commonly related to the 'serotonergic' syndrome. The results indicate that a combined therapy with amitriptyline and citalopram may be particularly beneficial for patients with TTH, migraine and comorbid depression that do not respond to monotherapy.     

乌灵胶囊治疗焦虑、抑郁状态的随机双盲对照研究

目的 观察乌灵胶囊治疗焦虑或抑郁状态的疗效与安全性.方法 采用多中心随机双盲双模拟平行对照研究方法,治疗组67例患者口服乌灵胶囊3粒,3次/d;对照组73例患者口服氟哌噻吨美利曲辛1片,2次/d.于治疗前及治疗后第1、2、4、6周分别以汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、治疗时出现的症状量表(TESS)及实验室检查评估疗效与安全性以验证乌灵胶囊的非劣效性.结果 治疗1周后2组HAMA和HAMD评分均较基线时改善,6周末HAMA评分:乌灵胶囊组(9.0±5.4)分、对照组(10.3±5.4)分;HAMD评分:乌灵胶囊组(9.1±5.6)分、对照组(10.5±5.7)分,2组比较差异均无统计学意义(分别F=2.11,P=0.148;F=1.61,P=0.207).乌灵胶囊组和对照组治疗抑郁或焦虑的临床显效率和临床治愈率差异也无统计学意义.在治疗后PSQI评分:乌灵胶囊组(4.1±4.5)分、对照组(5.0±4.2)分,2组间差异无统计学意义(F=0.72,P=0.192).常见不良反应为消化和神经系统症状,多数为轻中度、一过性.结论 乌灵胶囊治疗轻度焦虑或抑郁状态具有肯定的疗效,安全性良好.     

Prevalence and clinical characteristics of headache in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: experience from a tertiary epilepsy center

The comorbidity of headache and epilepsy is often seen in neurological practice. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence, types of, and risk factors for headache in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). We assessed a total of 200 patients and 100 healthy controls in our study. Headache was classified in participants using a self-administered questionnaire. Demographical, clinical features and headache characteristics were recorded. Seizure and headache temporal profiles were noted. Headache was present in 111 (56%) patients and 50 (50%) healthy participants. From these patients, 47 (42.3%) JME patients had migraine [30 (27%) migraine without aura (MO), 17 (15.3%) migraine with aura (MA)], 52 (46.8%) had tension type headache (TTH), 4 (3.6%) had both migraine and TTH, and 8 (7.2%) had other non-primary headaches. In the healthy control group, migraine was detected in 16 (32%) subjects, TTH in 33 (66%), both migraine and TTH in 1 (2%) subject. A positive migraine family history and symptom relief with sleep were more frequent in JME patients (p?=?0.01). Headache was classified as inter-ictal in 82 (79.6%) patients and peri-ictal in 21 (20.4%) patients. In conclusion, the present study revealed that headache frequency was not significantly different between JME patients and healthy controls (p?>?0.05). However, migraine frequency was higher in JME patients than healthy controls. Some migraine and TTH characteristics were different in between groups. We suggest that our results support both genetic relationship and shared underlying hypothetical pathopysiological mechanisms between JME and headache, especially migraine.     

Menstrual cycle and headache in a population sample of migraineurs

BACKGROUND: Migraine is three times more common in women than men. There is a clinical impression that migraines are more common and severe around the time of menses. OBJECTIVES: To determine 1) the distribution of headache attacks by day of the menstrual cycle in women with migraine, 2) if the excess occurrence varies by headache type, and 3) if headache features differ by time in the menstrual cycle. METHODS: In a population-based sample, 81 menstruating women with clinically diagnosed migraine were enrolled in a 98-day diary study and completed a total of 7219 diary days. The daily diary was used to record the occurrence of menses, headache days, and, on days with headache, associated headache features (i.e., symptoms, quality-of-pain, attack duration, pain intensity, and disability at work, household work, and nonwork activities). RESULTS: An excess risk of headache occurred perimenstrually and was highest on days 0 and 1 of the cycle (day 0 being the first day of menses). A significantly elevated risk of headache on days 0 and 1 was observed for migraine without aura (OR 2.04; 95% CI 1.49, 2.81) and for tension-type headache (OR 1.67; 95% CI 1.24, 2.25). Elevated risks were also observed in the 2 days before onset of menses for migraine without aura (OR 1.80; 95% CI 1.40, 2.30). A significantly lower risk was observed around the time of ovulation for all headaches (OR 0.44; 95% CI 0.27, 0.72). Few significant differences were observed in headache features (i.e., pain intensity, disability score, symptom score, headache duration) by day of the cycle overall or by headache type. Pain intensity was slightly greater for migraine headaches during the first 2 days of menses. CONCLUSIONS: Attacks of migraine without aura, but not migraine with aura, were more likely to occur 2 days before onset of menses and on the first 2 days of menses. This study does not support the clinical notion that headaches, regardless of type, are more severe during the perimenstrual period compared to other times in the cycle. Although migraine headaches are significantly more painful during the first 2 days of menses, differences are small.