Cyclen型聚苯乙烯树脂的结构与吸附性能

采用1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十二烷(Cyclen)修饰氯甲基化的聚苯乙烯微球,合成了新型的Cyclen型聚苯乙烯(PS-Cy)树脂。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱表征了PS-Cy树脂的结构,测定了PS-Cy树脂的增重率及全交换容量,研究了PS-Cy树脂的吸附动力学及其等温吸附过程。结果表明:PS-Cy树脂的全交换容量达5.31 mmol/g,对Cu2+的最大吸附量达160.00 mg/g;液膜扩散为PS-Cy树脂吸附Cu2+的主要控制步骤;吸附过程符合Langmuir模型,为单分子层吸附。     

胺化聚苯乙烯树脂的制备及吸附对硝基酚

以氯甲基化聚苯乙烯树脂(PS-Cl)和氯乙酰化聚苯乙烯树脂(PS-Acyl-Cl)为母体, 引入三乙烯四胺(TETA)制备两种胺化聚苯乙烯树脂PS-TETA与PS-Acyl-TETA。用红外光谱和表面孔径吸附仪对树脂进行表征, 并用于对硝基酚(PNP)的吸附研究。静态和动态吸附实验结果表明, 两种树脂对PNP的吸附过程都可以用准二级动力学方程来描述;液膜扩散为吸附PNP的主要控制步骤;吸附符合Freundlich等温方程, 为多分子层吸附;吸附为自发的放热过程, 属于以物理吸附为主的吸附过程;PS-TETA与PS-Acyl-TETA对PNP的饱和吸附量分别为157.87mg/mL、90.77mg/mL, 穿透体积为165BV、80BV, 动态脱附率为98.4% 、98.9%。     

对硝基酚在几种树脂上的吸附性能研究

研究了对硝基酚在四种吸附树脂(AM-1、NDA-88、NDA-99、NDA-150)上的静态吸附行为,结果表明,NDA-88、NDA-99、NDA-150三种吸附树脂对对硝基酚的吸附效果比较好。并研究了NDA-99树脂的动态吸附和脱附行为,结果显示,对硝基酚在NDA-99树脂上的吸附量为3.75 mmol/g。该树脂吸附对硝基酚后,容易脱附。用2mol/L NaOH∶C2H5OH(体积比1∶1)作脱附剂,温度328 K,体积为2.5倍树脂体积时,脱附率93%。     

新颖Cyclen全同取代衍生物的合成

以无水碳酸钾为缚酸剂,1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十二烷(Cyclen)和含溴亲电试剂为原料合成了几种新颖的Cyclen全同取代衍生物.与以三乙胺或二异丙基乙胺为缚酸剂相比,具有后操作简单、条件温和、产率高、环境友好等优点.产物经 1HNMR、MS表征了其结构.     

1，4，7，10-四氮杂环十二烷合成方法的改进

对1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十二烷(Cyclen)的合成方法进行了改进.中间产物仅通过简单的过滤纯化就直接进行成环反应,三乙胺用作酸中和剂,微波水解法脱去对甲苯磺酰保护基.改进后的Cyclen合成工艺具有收率高、消耗低和操作简便等特点.     

活性碳纤维对硝基酚的吸附行为和应用研究

研究了粘胶基活性碳纤维(ACF)在水溶液中对硝基酚的吸附行为,包括ACF对硝基酚的吸附等温线、吸附容量、再生方法、吸附和再生速率、对硝基酚的吸附选择性等。结果表明:ACF对硝基酚的吸附容量达到664mg g,该吸附是一个可逆过程,吸附和解吸速率快;采用质量分数10%的NaOH作再生剂,可以恢复吸附能力,重复进行吸附-再生过程,ACF的吸附容量不变,对硝基酚的回收率均>90%。对进水硝基酚质量浓度为9790mg L的废水,吸附处理后出水浓度达到一级排放标准,同时可以回收硝基酚。     

1,4,7-三(叔丁氧羰基亚甲基)-1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十二烷的合成研究

以1,4,7,10-四氦杂环十二烷和溴乙酸叔丁酯为原料,一锅法合成了标题化合物.探讨了影响反应的各种因素,并找到了较好的合成条件.     

苦味酸和2,4-二硝基酚在弱碱性树脂上的等温吸附

采用静态法研究了水溶液中苦味酸和2,4-二硝基酚在D301R树脂上的吸附平衡,考察了树脂用量、温度、质量浓度等对吸附的影响,探讨了等温吸附特性。结果表明:单溶质吸附体系中,苦味酸或2,4-二硝基酚的吸附量随树脂用量的增大呈下降趋势,随溶液温度的升高而升高,吸附均为吸热过程。在平衡质量浓度1—350 mg/L范围内的等温吸附符合Freundlich模型。但在双溶质吸附体系中,苦味酸的吸附量随树脂用量的增大出现极大值现象,2,4-二硝基酚的变化趋势与单溶质时相似。双溶质吸附等温线表明,2,4-二硝基酚的吸附等温线出现拐点,随后吸附量急剧上升;苦味酸的吸附等温线则出现极大值,随后吸附量有所下降,与单溶质体系的吸附等温线不同。树脂对苦味酸和2,4-二硝基酚双溶质的吸附均呈现了不同程度的竞争吸附效应。     

对硝基酚乙酸脂的合成

由对硝基酚在醋酸钠催化下,于室温合成对硝基酚乙酸酯,收率为97.64％,纯度>99％。     

壳聚糖固载环糊精微球的制备及吸附硝基酚

反相悬浮法制备甲醛保护壳聚糖(CTS)微球,环氧氯丙烷为交联剂β-环糊精反应制得壳聚糖固载环糊精微球。产物用红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪进行表征,并用于吸附2,4-二硝基酚研究。考察了吸附时间、溶液pH值、酚浓度和NaCl含量对吸附的影响。实验结果表明,壳聚糖固载环糊精(CTS-CD)微球具有较好的耐酸碱性能,在pH值为3.6条件下,对2,4-二硝基酚的吸附快速达到平衡,吸附量为325mg/g,吸附符合Freundlich等温方程和二级动力学方程。     

The Adsorption of p-nitrophenol on anion exchange resin at various temperatures

The isotherms of p-nitrophenol adsorbed on the anion exchange resin Ionac AFP-329 at temperatures in the range of 278.1 to 338.1 K are correlated with the Freundlich equation. The temperature dependences of the Freundlich constants and the effect of the amount adsorbed on the isosteric heat of adsorption are discussed. The results indicate that the relationships between k, n and temperature can be expressed as. n = 0.00129 T ln k = 5.12 – 0.0152 T and ln k = 5.05 – 11.63 n and that the isosteric heat of adsorption varies linearly with the logarithm of amount adsorbed.     

生物质基活性炭对对硝基苯酚吸附性能比较

对硝基苯酚毒性大,难于生物降解,是化工、农药和染料等行业废水中常见的有机污染物。采用木质活性炭、椰壳活性炭和煤质活性炭对对硝基苯酚吸附性能进行研究,对比不同活性炭对对硝基苯酚的吸附效果,考察不同活性炭吸附对硝基苯酚的经济效益,吸附强度和吸附量顺序为:椰壳活性炭﹥煤质活性炭﹥木质活性炭,选择煤质活性炭吸附对硝基苯酚。     

Batch and column adsorption of perfluorooctane sulfonate on anion exchange resins and granular activated carbon

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has been detected widely in the natural water matrix and is persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic. To prevent the adverse effects of PFOS contamination on human health and the environment, effective removal techniques are needed. Adsorption is considered an effective technique for PFOS removal. In this study, five anion exchange resins and granular activated carbon (GAC) were examined to evaluate their performance for the removal of PFOS in both batch and column experiments. Experimental adsorption data for all of the adsorbents exhibited a high correlation with the Freundlich isotherm (R² = 0.95 – 0.98). Most of the anion exchange resins demonstrated a higher adsorption capacity than the GAC. PFA300 had the highest adsorption capacity (455 mg/g). Continuous adsorption of PFOS was performed in column experiments using the same adsorbents that had been used in the batch experiments. The experimental breakthrough curves were set at C/C₀ = 0.1. PFA300 showed the longest operation time before reaching the breakthrough point. The Yoon and Nelson model was used to predict the half‐saturation time of the anion exchange resins. Moreover, the anion exchange resins exhibited high recovery of PFOS by an organic solvent. Continuous PFOS adsorption on a column can be achieved using anion exchange resins for water/wastewater treatment. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 39782.     

Binding and recognition ability of molecularly imprinted polymer toward p-nitrophenol

p-Nitrophenol is a hazardous phenolic compound and its separation and determination is very necessary to protect public health and environmental quality. In this article, macromolecule polyethyleneimine (PEI) grafted on the surface of silica particles was crosslinked using p-nitrophenol as a template and diepoxyalkyl (669) as a crosslinking agent, and molecularly imprinted polymer on the surfaces of silica gel MIP-PEI/SiO₂ was prepared. The binding and recognition ability of MIP-PEI/SiO₂ for p-nitrophenol were researched using batch and dynamic methods. The experimental results showed that MIP-PEI/SiO₂ had high affinity, specific recognition ability, and excellent selectivity for p-nitrophenol. The saturated binding amount could reach to 155.5 mg g⁻¹. The selectivity coefficients relative to m-nitrophenol and chlorophenol were 45.80 and 117.5, respectively. The empirical Freundlich isotherm was found to describe well the equilibrium binding data. pH of sample solution was found to have a strong influence on the binding amount. MIP-PEI/SiO₂ was regenerated easily using diluted hydrochloric acid solution as eluent and MIP-PEI/SiO₂ possesses better reusability. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

改性兰炭末对对硝基苯酚的吸附平衡和动力学

采用硝酸改性-高温活化法对废弃的兰炭末进行处理,对改性前后的兰炭末进行了SEM和BET表征,测定了改性后的兰炭末对对硝基苯酚的吸附性能,通过静态吸附实验研究了改性兰炭末对对硝基苯酚的吸附平衡和动力学特征。结果表明,兰炭末经改性后表面粗糙度明显增加,孔道明显增多,总孔容和比表面积分别增加了7.1倍和4.3倍; Langmuir方程可较好地描述对硝基苯酚在改性兰炭末上的吸附平衡,特征分离系数R_L为0~1,为优惠吸附,温度升高有利于吸附的进行;动力学研究表明,对硝基苯酚在改性兰炭末上的吸附过程符合HO准二级动力学模型,颗粒外的液膜扩散是决定吸附速率的控制步骤,吸附过程的表观活化能E_a为9.825kJ/mol。改性兰炭末对对硝基苯酚有较好的吸附能力,328K下平衡吸附量达158.5mg/g,可作为一种廉价、高效的酚类废水处理用吸附剂,有很好的工业化应用前景。     

Preparation and adsorption properties of chelating resins from thiosemicarbazide and formaldehyde

A novel chelating resin was synthesized in just one step under mild synthetic conditions. The synthesis was carried out through the copolymerization of thiosemicarbazide and formaldehyde in an aqueous solution. The adsorption properties for some noble metal ions were investigated. The results showed that the resin had high adsorption selectivity for Au(III) and Ag(I). The adsorption capacities for the two metal ions reached up to 7.3 and 11.8 mmol/g, respectively. The adsorption rate for the two metal ions in a dilute solution was 99.9%. The adsorption fit first‐order kinetics, and an isothermal adsorption study indicated that it corresponded to Langmuir monomolecular layer adsorption. The change in the bonding energy during the chelating process was investigated with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The study revealed that nitrogen and sulfur atoms of the resins were electron donors and metal ions were electron acceptors in the process. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Preparation of copolymer-grafted mixed-mode resins for immunoglobulin G adsorption

The mixed-mode resins for protein adsorption have been prepared by a novel strategy, copolymer grafting. Specially, the copolymer-grafted resins CG-MA with two functional groups, 5-amino-benzimidazole (ABI) and methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (METAC), have been prepared through surfaceinitiated activator generated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization of METAC and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), followed by a ring-open reaction to introduce ABI. The charge and hydrophobicity of CG-MA resins could be controlled by manipulating the addition of METAC and GMA/ABI. Besides, METAC and ABI provided positive effects together in both protein adsorption and elution: dynamic binding capacity of human Immunoglobulin G (hlgG) onto CG-M-A resin with the highest ligand ratio of METAC to ABI is 46.8 mg-g 1 at pH 9 and the elution recovery of hlgG is 97.0% at pH 5. The separation experiment showed that purity and recovery of monoclonal antibody from cell culture supernatant are 96.0% and 86.5%, respectively, indicating that copolymer-grafted mixed-mode resins could be used for antibody purification.     

大孔树脂与黄酮类化合物的固液界面吸附性能的研究

通过比较D101-A、D138、DM-130这3种大孔树脂和聚酰胺树脂对苦荞粉提取液中黄酮类化合物的静态、动态吸附及解吸性能,并研究其相应的静态吸附动力学过程和黄酮类化合物的浓度对吸附性能的影响,以选择最佳的吸附树脂。试验结果表明:D-101A、D138、DM-130大孔树脂和聚酰胺树脂这4种树脂对黄酮类化合物的吸附能力非常接近,都可用来作为黄酮类化合物的吸附剂。