晋城目标区煤层气富集机制及可采性评价

晋城目标区具有良好的煤层气资源条件.本文从地质构造特征、水文地质条件和煤化作用控气3个方面,分析了晋城目标区煤层气的富集机制,并针对煤层气资源和煤层气储层参数的特点,采用模糊综合评判方法,对该区煤层气的可采性进行了评价.结果表明,晋城目标区是中国煤层气开发潜力最好的区块之一.     

徐州地区煤层气勘探地质条件及选区评价

根据徐州地区的含煤区地质背景、煤系分布、煤层特征及含气量等煤层气勘探地质条件的综合研究,分析了煤层气的控气地质因素,在此基础上建立了适合本区地质实际的评价标准,并采用模糊综合分析方法,对12个煤层气勘探开发预选区块进行评价。研究表明:徐州地区煤层总厚10~15 m,结构简单至复杂,含煤特征在空间展布上有着很大的差异;从煤层钻孔瓦斯含量来看,本区属于低沼气区,煤层气的赋存与煤阶、埋深、煤层厚度、构造类型、岩浆岩侵入、水文地质条件等因素有关;根据本次煤层气选区评价结果,建议将九里山区的QK7、QK9区块作为下一步煤层气勘探开发的首选区块。     

演马庄井田煤层气资源开发前景评价

煤层气资源与可采性评价是煤层气开发的基础.运用瓦斯地质理论,分析了井田地质构造、煤层埋藏深度、上覆基岩厚度、煤层厚度等地质因素与煤层含气量的关系.研究结果显示,演马庄井田煤层含气量分布呈西低东高、北低南高的趋势,并划分出4个煤层气开发有利块段及开发顺序.另外,从水文地质条件、顶底板岩性、构造煤发育规律及煤层渗透性等地质因素和重要可采性参数方面,评价了该井田煤层气的可采性,认为演马庄井田具有地面开采煤层气的潜力.     

煤矿区地面煤层气抽采效果评价方法探讨——以寺河煤矿某区块为例

评价煤矿区地面煤层气抽采的效果,可为煤层气后续开发和矿井开采设计提供技术依据。通过分析目前地面煤层气抽采效果评价现状,结合煤层气资源开发和煤矿安全生产对煤层气抽采效果评价的需要,提出了以煤层气含量降低率和煤层剩余气含量作为评价指标、以煤储层地质条件相近为评价单元划分原则,并在评价单元内实施一定数量检测井实测煤层剩余气含量的煤矿区地面煤层气抽采效果检测与评价方法。在煤储层地质条件划分的前提下,还提出了以煤层气含量降低率和煤层剩余气含量结果为划分依据的煤矿区地面煤层气抽采效果分级方法供探讨。该方法在晋城寺河矿某区块的应用,一定程度上证明了该套煤矿区地面煤层气抽采效果评价方法的合理性和可操作性。      

芦岭井田煤层气开发地质条件及开发方式选择

我国煤层气地质条件复杂,针对不同地质条件,选择合理的煤层气开发方式,对煤层气抽采非常重要。分析研究芦岭井田煤层气开发地质条件显示:芦岭井田构造及水文地质条件较复杂;目标煤层发育层数多,厚度大,煤层埋藏较深,且分布较稳定;煤层主要为构造软煤,渗透性较差,气含量较高。通过对目前煤层气不同开发方式的适用性分析,结合芦岭井田的煤层气开发地质条件,在目前经济技术条件下,优选出地面垂直井为本区煤层气的首选开发方式。      

重庆綦江打通区块煤层气地质条件及控气因素研究

为揭示打通区块煤层气基本地质特征及主要控气因素,基于区内煤田钻孔、煤层气钻井取得的地质资料、测井资料和实验测试数据,对煤储层煤岩煤质、渗透率、含气性等进行了分析。研究表明:该区块煤层气具有"一多一薄、两高低"特征,即煤层层数多、厚度薄、孔隙度低、渗透率低、变质程度高、含气量高等,具有较好的勘探开发前景;区内煤层气富集主要受沉积、构造作用和水动力条件耦合作用控制。     

煤层气井排采动态主控地质因素分析

沁水盆地寿阳区块和柿庄区块煤层气(CBM)井的排采动态在整体上表现出明显差异,而单一区块内部煤层气井的排采动态也存在较大差异。本文就两个区块的煤系地层沉积相、煤层渗透率、断裂构造、地应力类型和构造应力强度以及顶底板岩性组合类型等因素对排采动态的影响开展对比分析。基于静态地质条件和排采动态资料的综合研究表明:煤系地层沉积相、煤层渗透率、地应力类型和构造应力强度的差异是两个区块煤层气井排采动态差异的主要原因;单一区块内煤层气井的排采动态差异受控于局部断裂构造、地应力类型以及煤层顶底板岩性组合类型等局部因素;在煤层气开发选区和开发井位部署时,应综合考虑资源量、渗透率和多种局部地质因素的共同影响。     

芦岭煤矿地面煤层气开发选区评价研究

芦岭煤矿是我国典型的高瓦斯突出矿井,煤层变形复杂,含气量高,渗透率低,煤层气丰度高,抽采难度大,有利区块优选对于煤与煤层气协调开发至关重要。在深刻剖析构造、煤厚、气含量等储层地质特征、研究影响主采煤层煤层气运移富集地质因素的基础上,运用层次分析法计算出各影响因素的权重,通过综合定量评价．提出煤矿北部C区是地面煤层气开发的最有利块段。     

贵州省织金县文家坝一矿煤层气资源及主要控气因素分析

基于大量的煤田地质勘查资料,采用体积法估算文家坝一矿煤层气资源量,并对井田内控气地质因素进行分析。结果表明:井田内煤层气资源丰富,预测资源量800m以浅为27.88亿m3,具有较好的开采价值;阿弓向斜对煤层气的富集有明显的控制作用,煤层气总体上呈现"轴部高、两翼低,中部低、北南两端高"的特点,表现出向斜及断裂控气的特征。     

煤层气合采地质研究进展述评

煤层气合采是提高多煤层区煤层气开发效率的重要途径,但成藏作用的特殊性决定合采方式与产能效果复杂多变,高效开发面临较大挑战。我国煤层气地质工作者围绕多煤层煤层气成藏与合采可行性开展大量基础研究与工程实践,取得丰富的阶段性成果,为深化煤层气开发地质理论、推动产业发展提供有力支撑。从叠置煤层气系统成藏机理、合采地质约束条件、合采可行性判识方法、合采储层伤害4个方面,系统分析评述我国煤层气合采地质领域的最新研究进展,以期为后续研究开展、工程实施与产业建设提供参考。主要认识可概括为:(1) 深化了叠置煤层气系统成藏的层序控气机理以及成岩作用与地应力的后期改造效应;构建了煤系地下水环境化学封闭指数,为判识含气系统叠置性及流体动力条件提供了新的参数,结合流体压力剖面识别出3类含气系统叠置地质模式(增长型、衰减型和稳定型);进一步将叠置煤层气系统理念扩展到煤系气范畴,提出煤系复合储层叠置含气系统“共采兼容性”理论与方法体系,并应用于煤系气合采先导示范工程,取得初步应用成效;(2) 华北石炭?二叠系(太原?山西组)与黔西?滇东上二叠统(长兴?龙潭组)是煤层气合采研究与工程实践的热点区域(层域),压力系统及渗透性差异是合采中最受关注的地质因素。华北山西组、太原组的水动力系统与供液能力差异是制约合采效果的重要因素,黔西?滇东地区合采煤层的最大层间跨度、累计煤厚、煤体结构受到更多关注,表层水干扰是制约织金区块煤层气合采效率的关键;(3) 产能分析、物理模拟、数值模拟、产出水地球化学分析是煤层气合采可行性与干扰判识的重要方法,提出了基于产出水地球化学解析合采井产出水源和判识干扰程度的基本思路、技术图版和评价流程及基于产能曲线分峰剥离的产层贡献分析方法,技术方法的不断成熟、创新为煤层气合采方案、工艺优化与效率提升提供了有力支撑;(4) 煤层气合采对地质条件与工程扰动更为敏感,易诱发储层伤害,涉及产层暴露诱发的贾敏效应与气锁伤害,压力系统与渗透性差异诱发的应力与速度敏感伤害。均一化储层改造、分压力系统开采(分时间或分空间)、精细化排采设计与管控是降低储层伤害的有效途径。      

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of