基于关联规则挖掘的分布式入侵检测系统研究

针对现有应用数据挖掘技术的入侵检测系统存在实时性差、难以提取有效的特征属性、漏报和误报率较高等问题,论文设计了一种基于关联规则挖掘的分布式网络入侵检测模型,阐述了如何从原始审计数据中提取和构造属性集,并将模糊逻辑和增量更新技术结合以提高系统的检测效率、准确性和自适应能力.试验证明了该系统实现的可行性.     

数据挖掘在入侵检测系统中的应用

入侵检测技术已经成为网络安全领域的研究热点。数据挖掘是从大量数据中发掘出新的、有用模式的过程。把它用于入侵检测，可发掘警报日志信息和审计数据特有的模式，实时分析，寻找黑客入侵的规律，提高入侵检测系统的警报精确度，降低系统管理员的工作强度。并给出了基于数据挖掘的入侵检测系统模型。     

基于数据挖掘和规划的智能网络入侵检测系统

本文构建了一个智能化的网络入侵检测系统--SmartNIDS的体系结构。SmartNIDS通过采集网络的数据源和主机的日志数据,利用数据挖掘技术对安全审计数据进行智能的检 测,分析来自网络外部的入侵攻击以及内部的未授权行为,同时结合规划识别的方法识别攻击者的入侵意图,提供实时报警和自动响应,实现一个自适应、智能化的入侵检测和预警系统。     

智能化入侵检测技术

在分析网络数据多位属性特征模型的基础上，结合当前入侵检测技术的发展现状，给出了网络入侵检测系统采用基于代理的分布式结构，以及利用数据挖掘技术和数据融合技术对于海量网络数据进行处理的解决方案，从大量网络数据中提取用户行为特征，从而提高系统检测的效率。     

数据挖掘技术在入侵检测中的应用研究

随着Internet迅速发展，许多新的网络攻击不断涌现。传统的依赖手工和经验方式建立的基于专家系统的入侵检测系统，由于面临着新的攻击方式及系统升级方面的挑战，已经很难满足现有的应用要求。因此，有必要寻求一种能从大量网络数据中自动发现入侵模式的方法来有效发现入侵。这种方法的主要思想是利用数据挖掘方法，从经预处理的包含网络连接信息的审计数据中提取能够区分正常和入侵的规则。这些规则将来可以被用来检测入侵行为。文中将数据挖掘技术应用到入侵检测中，并对其中一些关键算法进行了讨论。最后提出了一个基于数据挖掘的入侵检测模型。实验证明该模型与传统系统相比，在自适应和可扩展方面具有一定的优势。     

一种改进的基于数据挖掘的网络入侵算法

入侵检测系统作为一种主动的信息安全防御措施,有效地弥补了传统安全防护技术的不足,利用数据挖掘善于从大量数据中提取有用规则的特点,提出了一种改进的FP-Growth关联分析算法的网络入侵检测防御系统模型,该方法可以极大地提高数据挖掘的速度和节省数据挖掘中数据存储的空间。     

数据挖掘在入侵检测中的应用

入侵检测是用于检测任何损害或企图损害系统的保密性、完整性或可用性行为的一种网络安全技术。指出当前入侵检测系统存在的问题，并针对现有入侵检测系统漏报、误报率高的问题，提出将数据挖掘技术应用于入侵检测系统。文中论述了常用的数据挖掘算法，提出一个基于数据挖掘技术入侵检测系统模型、描述了模型体系结构及主要功能。实验表明，该模型能提取特征，生成新规则，找到入侵数据，提高入侵检测系统的有效性。     

数据挖掘在入侵检测系统中的应用

入侵检测技术已经成为网络安全领域的研究热点。数据挖掘是从大量数据中发掘出新的、有用模式的过程。把它用于入侵检测,可发掘警报日志信息和审计数据特有的模式,实时分析,寻找黑客入侵的规律,提高入侵检测系统的警报精确度,降低系统管理员的工作强度。并给出了基于数据挖掘的入侵检测系统模型。     

基于多代理的入侵检测数据收集模型

提出了一种基于多代理(Agent)的入侵检测数据收集模型。该模型建立在基于多代理的系统安全体系结构之上，与系统其他安全机制相结合，根据需要灵活部署代理，利用代理捕捉入侵和可疑事件，同时实现基于主机和基于网络的数据收集，为入侵检测系统(IDS)提供尽可能及时、完整和准确的数据。     

基于数据挖掘的分布式入侵检测系统

构建了一个基于数据挖掘的分布式入侵检测系统模型。采用误用检测技术与异常检测技术相结合的方法,利用数据挖掘技术如关联分析、序列分析、分类分析、聚类分析等对安全审计数据进行智能检测,分析来自网络的入侵攻击或未授权的行为,提供实时报警和自动响应,实现一个自适应、可扩展的分布式入侵检测系统。实验表明,该模型对已知的攻击模式具有很高的检测率,对未知攻击模式也具有一定的检测能力。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.