HHT 600高强RC梁的抗爆性能试验研究

通过对两组不同配筋率的HHT 600高强RC梁和普通RC梁在爆炸荷载作用下的对比试验,研究了裂缝的产生、开展过程及分布形状,分析了这两种梁的荷载、位移、加速度、钢筋应变动力响应时程以及抗爆破坏特征.分析结果表明:提高梁中的钢筋强度等级,能改善钢筋混凝土梁的抗爆性能.     

香蕉纤维加固钢筋混凝土板爆炸作用下动力响应数值模拟研究

运用ABAQUS非线性有限元软件,首先验证了考虑高应变率相关的JH2本构可用来模拟爆炸荷载作用下混凝土的动力响应,然后建立RC板及香蕉纤维防护材料的三维有限元模型,使用COMWEP算法对比分析普通钢筋混凝土板和外贴香蕉纤维的RC板在爆炸冲击荷载作用下的动力响应特性,探究香蕉纤维在爆炸荷载作用下对于钢筋混凝土板的防护机理,分析香蕉纤维复合材料层数、香蕉纤维外贴形式对RC板的动态响应的影响,模拟结果表明,香蕉纤维可增强钢筋混凝土结构的整体性。香蕉纤维的加固使混凝土由冲切破坏变为弯曲变形。降低了爆炸冲击波对混凝土损伤。不同贴片形式的香蕉纤维对RC板的影响具有差异性,中间十字型的加固效果最好、条形分布防护效果次之、中间镂空的防护效果最差。研究结果可以为复合材料加固RC结构提供参考依据。     

CFRP加固钢筋混凝土梁抗爆性能试验研究

通过对三组15根CFRP加固钢筋混凝土梁进行抗爆性能试验,研究了CFRP粘贴层数、配筋率、爆炸荷载大小等因素对裂缝开展、破坏形式、应变和挠度的影响。试验结果表明,加固梁的裂缝数量明显增多,但裂缝宽度减小了43%～71%,裂缝间距减小了79%～89%,U形锚固有效阻止了CFRP剥离,使加固梁呈CFRP拉断破坏。随着CFRP粘贴层数的增加,梁的抗爆能力平均提高量为13%～42%。对应于配筋率为0.84%、1.30%、1.88%的加固梁在第1、2、3次爆炸加载时的抗爆能力平均提高量分别为14%、16%和29%,但随着配筋率增加,加固梁的抗爆能力提高幅度有所减小。当爆炸荷载较大时,CFRP与受拉纵筋之间开始出现应变差,CFRP的存在使得钢筋的应变发展滞后于未加固梁中钢筋的应变发展,这种现象随爆炸荷载增大而趋于明显。CFRP可以有效提高钢筋混凝土梁的刚度,但加固梁的变形能力减小。     

爆炸荷载作用下钢筋混凝土柱的动力响应与破坏模式

在爆炸荷载作用下,钢筋混凝土构件和结构的动力响应较之地震荷载和静态荷载作用下要复杂得多。运用有限元显式动力分析软件LS-DYNA,建立了典型钢筋混凝土柱的三维有限元模型,该模型对钢筋混凝土采用分离式建模,并且考虑了材料的应变率效应和钢筋与混凝土间的粘结滑移。在该有限元模型的基础上,通过对爆炸荷载作用下钢筋混凝土柱动态响应的数值模拟,研究了钢筋混凝土柱在爆炸荷载作用下可能的破坏模式及其规律。同时,运用参数化分析方法,研究了截面惯性矩、混凝土轴心抗压强度、纵筋配筋率和配箍率等参数对钢筋混凝土柱在爆炸荷载作用下的动态响应的影响,在数值模拟结果的基础上,分析提出了钢筋混凝土柱抗爆设计时应当注意的问题。研究结果表明:在爆炸荷载作用下,钢筋混凝土柱的破坏模式不仅和自身的特性有关,还取决于爆炸荷载的类型。提高柱截面惯性矩和混凝土轴心抗压强度,能够显著降低钢筋混凝土柱在爆炸荷载作用下的柱中水平位移,从而提高其抗爆性能。增加配箍     

附加交叉斜筋与环形钢筋对RC板抗爆性能的影响

为了研究附加交叉斜筋与环形钢筋对钢筋混凝土板(RC板)抗爆性能的影响,采用LS-DYNA软件对爆炸荷载作用下RC板进行了数值分析。选取典型的RC板抗爆试验文献作为参考依据验证了数值分析方法的正确性,并研究了爆炸荷载作用下,附加交叉斜筋与环形钢筋的RC单向板与RC双向板的动力响应与破坏形态。结果表明,选择合理的材料模型,数值分析结果可以精确地与试验结果相吻合。附加交叉斜筋与环形钢筋的单向RC板与双向RC板可以有效减小板中心最大位移与最大加速度,更加充分发挥受力钢筋的作用,降低板的破坏程度。附加交叉斜筋与环形钢筋均可提高RC板的抗爆性能,且提高程度大致相等。     

爆炸荷载下预应力混凝土梁抗爆性能数值模拟

利用有限元软件LS-DYNA 对预应力混凝土梁在爆炸荷载作用下的力学性能进行数值研究。对4 组预应力混凝土梁在爆炸荷载作用下的抗爆性能进行数值模拟,研究预应力大小和混凝土强度对梁抗爆性能的影响。提取跨中最大位移、残余位移、裂缝形态、钢筋应力和支座附近混凝土剪应力,通过与相同爆炸荷载作用下无预应力混凝土梁的性能进行对比,得到预应力对钢筋混凝土梁抗爆性能的影响规律。     

爆炸荷载作用下钢筋混凝土构件缩尺效应的数值模拟研究

基于一组用于爆炸荷载下钢筋混凝土构件动力响应的无量纲相似准则,结合已有钢筋混凝土板缩尺抗爆试验数据,采用显式动力有限元软件LS-DYNA及弹塑性混凝土损伤本构模型,建立爆炸荷载作用下原型和缩尺钢筋混凝土板有限元模型,研究缩尺效应中缩尺系数、材料断裂能和材料应变率对钢筋混凝土板动力响应相似性的影响。结果表明：(1)采用弹塑性损伤本构模型能有效反映钢筋混凝土构件动力响应的缩尺效应,且缩尺模型的破坏形式及位移满足相似率;(2)当缩尺系数为0.2时,缩尺数值模型无法有效表征原型构件的损伤分布及位移响应,使其不满足钢筋混凝土板动力响应的相似率;(3)混凝土材料断裂能对构件动力响应的相似率影响不大,而混凝土应变率对缩尺模型的动力响应具有较大影响。研究结果可为钢筋混凝土构件抗爆试验中缩尺系数和模型材料选择、有限元模型中相关材料断裂能和应变率选取提供有效建议。     

FRP加固RC双向板受力全过程的非线性分析

本文通过有限元法模拟和模型试验,对外贴玻璃纤维条带加固钢筋混凝土双向板的受弯性能进行了非线性全过程分析,研究了加固板的挠度以及纤维应变随荷载变化规律,对玻璃纤维条带加固RC双向板的受力机理进行了分析。分析结果表明,通过合理选择有限元数值模型,可以较好地模拟外贴玻璃纤维条带加固RC双向板的受弯性能。分析结果和试验结果均表明外贴玻璃纤维条带可以有效地提高双向板的抗弯刚度、开裂荷载和极限承载力。     

外贴FRP条带加固RC双向板的试验研究及承载力计算

对3组9个简支外贴纤维条带加固RC双向板进行试验研究。外贴纤维条带采用均匀布置和跨中板带加密布置两种粘贴方式。试验中考察了加固板的抗裂性能、变形能力、刚度、裂缝分布等受力性能,对外贴玻璃纤维条带加固RC双向板极限状态时的破坏特征和极限承载能力进行了重点研究。研究结果表明:外贴纤维条带加固能有效延缓裂缝的出现、抑制裂缝的开展、改善结构的抗裂性能及提高结构的极限承载力,加固板的刚度也有一定的提高,但延性略有降低。通过对试验数据的回归,提出双向受力作用下,纤维剥离应变计算公式,分析普通板和纤维加固板板单元截面抵抗弯矩的区别,探讨外贴纤维条带对双向板极限承载力的贡献以及纤维加固双向板板单元截面抵抗弯矩的取值。采用屈服线理论,建立纤维加固板的极限承载力计算公式,计算结果与试验值吻合较好。研究成果可供实际加固改造工程参考。     

集中荷载下FRP筋混凝土双向板的冲切受力性能

通过对7块中置和偏置集中荷载作用下纤维增强材料(FRP)筋混凝土双向板的受力试验,研究荷载位置、混凝土强度、FRP筋用量等因素对板冲切受力性能的影响。结果表明:集中荷载位置、混凝土强度、FRP筋配筋率是影响FRP筋混凝土双向板冲切受力性能的重要因素。随着混凝土强度的提高和FRP筋配筋率的增大,同等荷载水平下的混凝土和FRP筋应变逐渐减小,开裂后混凝土应变的增长逐渐加快;混凝土强度对板的抗裂荷载和极限冲切承载力影响较大,FRP筋配筋率的影响相对较小;FRP筋混凝土双向板在中置和偏置集中荷载作用下的破坏属于脆性的局部冲切破坏。     

Strengthening of one-way spanning RC slabs with cutouts using FRP composites

This paper reports the results of tests on fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) strengthened one-way spanning reinforced concrete (RC) slabs with central cutouts. Four wide slabs with cutouts were tested in addition to two narrow slabs without cutouts. Different positions of applied line loads for the slabs with cutouts resulted in different slab bending action and hence different FRP behaviour for the strengthened slabs. All FRP-strengthened slabs achieved a higher load-carrying capacity than their unstrengthened control counterparts. In addition, all strengthened slabs failed by debonding initiating at intermediate cracks (IC debonding) and in the case of the slabs with cutouts, the critical cracks were diagonal and originated from the corners of the cutout. The ability of the FRP to redistribute stresses around the cutout, the failure mechanisms, as well as pre- and post-debonding behaviour of the strengthened slabs was therefore assessed for different load application positions. Strains on the FRP, concrete and internal steel reinforcement, as well as deflections at different positions on the slab surfaces are also reported. An analytical model, which is based on the ultimate moment of resistance about critical crack lines, is also reported and it its predictions are found to correlate well with the experimental results. The analytical model is able to capture the different slab bending actions in addition to the debonding failure of the strengthened slabs.     

纤维增强复合材料加固钢筋混凝土单向板受弯性能研究

通过纤维增强复合材料（FRP）布加固钢筋混凝土单向板的受弯性能试验,研究了FRP布种类、层数、宽度、粘贴方式和锚固措施等因素对加固效果的影响。结果表明：在板底粘贴CFRP布和高强GFRP布均可明显提高钢筋混凝土单向板的受弯承载力和纵筋屈服后刚度。当采用横向粘贴1层U形CFRP布条作为端部锚固措施时,所有加固单向板试件的破坏模式均为跨中弯曲裂缝引起的剥离破坏。当FRP布宽度和层数相同时,采用CFRP布加固效果优于高强GFRP布加固。与对比试件相比,FRP布加固钢筋混凝土单向板试件的位移延性略有降低。高强GFRP布加固钢筋混凝土单向板的位移延性优于CFRP布加固钢筋混凝土单向板。FRP布的粘贴方式对FRP加固钢筋混凝土单向板的位移延性也有影响,单层FRP布加固单向板试件的延性较好。通过对试验结果的分析,提出了FRP布加固钢筋混凝土单向板构件受弯破坏模式的判别方法,验证了已有文献和GB 50608-2010《纤维增强复合材料建设工程应用技术规范》中给出的跨中弯曲裂缝引起的FRP剥离应变计算公式对FRP布加固混凝土单向板的适用性,建立了FRP布加固钢筋混凝土单向板受弯承载力计算方法。     

FRP-strengthened RC slabs anchored with FRP anchors

An abundance of tests over the last two decades has shown the bending capacity of flexural members such as reinforced concrete (RC) beams and slabs to be enhanced by the bonding of fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites to their tension face. The propensity of the FRP to debond, however, limits its effectiveness. Different types of anchorages have therefore been investigated in order to delay or even prevent debonding. The so-called FRP anchor, which is made from rolled fibre sheets or bundles of lose fibres, is particularly suitable for anchoring FRP composites to a variety of structural element shapes. Studies that assess the effectiveness of FRP anchors in anchoring FRP strengthening in flexural members is, however, limited. This paper in turn reports a series of tests on one-way spanning simply supported RC slabs which have been strengthened in flexure with tension face bonded FRP composites and anchored with different arrangements of FRP anchors. The load-deflection responses of all slab tests are plotted, in addition to selected strain results. The behaviours of the specimens including the failure modes are also discussed. The greatest enhancement in load and deflection experienced by the six slabs strengthened with FRP plates and anchored with FRP anchors was 30% and 110%, respectively, over the unanchored FRP-strengthened control slab. The paper also discusses the strategic placement of FRP anchors for optimal strength and deflection enhancement in FRP-strengthened RC slabs.     

混凝土连续板火灾后力学性能试验及理论分析

为研究受火跨位置和数量对混凝土连续灾后板力学行为影响,对一块常温连续板和五块混凝土灾后连续板开展力学性能试验,分析灾后板裂缝、变形、混凝土和钢筋应变以及灾后破坏模式等规律。基于塑性铰线理论,提出混凝土双向板破坏模式和椭圆方程,推导板块内力平衡方程,建立灾后板剩余承载力计算方法,并与其他方法计算结果进行对比分析。结果表明,相比常温板屈服线延性破坏模式,灾后板易出现脆性破坏,即加载点或内支座处冲切破坏,特别是爆裂严重工况。相比混凝土或钢筋应变破坏准则,变形破坏准则l/50更适用于确定灾后板剩余极限承载力。此外,本文方法可用于确定灾后板剩余极限承载力,计算结果偏于保守。对于灾后板,应分别采用弯曲理论和冲切理论进行剩余承载力分析,两者最小值可作为剩余极限承载力。     

粘贴玻璃纤维条带加固RC双向板的承载力计算

本文对粘贴玻璃纤维条带加固钢筋混凝土板在跨中局部荷载作用下的受力性能进行了试验研究和理论分析,用线形模式、圆扇形模式和弯冲模式分别计算了粘贴玻璃纤维条带加固RC双向板的极限承载能力,并建立了粘贴玻璃纤维加固RC双向板极限承载能力的计算公式。     

Strengthening of RC beams in shear using GFRP inclined strips – An experimental study

Though there have been a number of studies on shear strengthening of RC beams using externally bonded fiber reinforced polymer sheets, the behaviour of FRP strengthened beams in shear is not fully understood. This is partly due to various reinforcement configurations of sheets that can be used for shear strengthening and partly due to different failure modes a strengthened beam undergoes at ultimate state. Furthermore, the experimental data bank for shear strengthening of concrete beams using FRP remains relatively sparse due to which the design algorithms for computing the shear contribution of FRP are not yet clear. The objective of this study is to clarify the role of glass fiber reinforced polymer inclined strips epoxy bonded to the beam web for shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams. Included in the study are effectiveness in terms of width and spacing of inclined GFRP strips, spacing of internal steel stirrups, and longitudinal steel rebar section on shear capacity of the RC beam. The study also aims to understand the shear contribution of concrete, shear strength due to steel bars and steel stirrups and the additional shear capacity due to glass fiber reinforced polymer strips in a RC beam. And also to study the failure modes, shear strengthening effect on ultimate force and load deflection behaviour of RC beams bonded externally with GFRP inclined strips on the shear region of the beam.     

Behavior and capacity of RC beams strengthened in shear with NSM FRP reinforcement

A recent and promising method for shear strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) members is the use of near-surface mounted (NSM) fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement. In the NSM method, the reinforcement is embedded in grooves cut onto the surface of the member to be strengthened and filled with an appropriate binding agent such as epoxy paste or cement grout. Only a few studies have been conducted to date on the use of NSM FRP reinforcement for shear strengthening of RC beams. These studies identified some critical failure modes related to debonding between the NSM reinforcement and the concrete substrate. However, more tests need to be conducted to identify all possible failure modes of strengthened beams. Moreover, virtually no test results are available on the behavior of shear-strengthened beams containing steel shear reinforcement, and on the effect of variables such as the type of epoxy used as groove filler. This paper illustrates a research program on shear strengthening of RC beams with NSM reinforcement, aimed at gaining more test results to fill the gaps in knowledge mentioned above. A number of beams were tested to analyze the influence on the structural behavior and failure mode of selected test parameters, i.e. type of NSM reinforcement (round bars and strips), spacing and inclination of the NSM reinforcement, and mechanical properties of the groove-filling epoxy. One beam strengthened in shear with externally bonded FRP laminates was also tested for comparison purposes. All beams had a limited amount of internal steel shear reinforcement to simulate a real strengthening situation. Test results are presented and discussed in the paper.     

楼板对钢筋混凝土柱-钢梁空间组合体抗震性能影响研究

楼板在地震作用下对钢筋混凝土柱-钢梁组合体抗震性能的影响是建立地震作用下节点计算模型的基础,也是准确评价组合结构体系抗震性能的关键问题之一。为此,完成了3个钢筋混凝土柱-钢梁(RCS)空间组合体试件在考虑不同楼板宽度情况下的抗震性能试验,分析整个受力过程中楼板受力性态对组合构件受力特征、破坏模式等抗震性能的影响。各试验模型在加载过程中均产生梁铰破坏,并表现出较好的延性和耗能能力,最终因节点区钢梁屈曲、扁钢箍开裂和柱端混凝土压碎而丧失承载力。分析表明,楼板裂缝以横向裂缝为主,随着楼板宽度增加,次生斜裂缝增多,板底混凝土压碎区域增大;混凝土楼板与钢梁组合体对节点核心区的约束作用较明显地改善了空间组合体受力性能。对楼板混凝土和板内纵筋在受力过程中的应变进行分析,结果表明,随着楼板宽度的增加,楼板对RCS空间组合体刚度、承载力的贡献值有限。对现浇板受拉有效翼缘宽度进行分析,结果表明考虑钢-混凝土组合梁翼缘有效宽度对梁端受弯承载力、惯性矩影响较大。     

外贴CFRP或钢条带加固混凝土双向板的受力性能及承载力计算

外贴碳纤维(CFRP)布和钢板补强技术已广泛用于加固钢筋混凝土结构,迄今为止,对外贴碳纤维或钢板的加固梁的研究已做了许多,但对用该技术加固钢筋混凝土板的研究还很少。为此,本文着重对受集中荷载的外贴碳纤维或钢板条带的钢筋混凝土加固双向板的受力性能进行了试验研究。并采用塑性铰线理论对该类板的塑性铰线模式和加固板的承载力进行了分析和计算。