等离子辅助电子束蒸发La2O3薄膜的制备

采用等离子辅助电子束蒸发，在Si（100）衬底上沉积La2O3薄膜。随后对非晶的沉积态薄膜在750℃和900℃分别退火1h。实验结果表明，采用等离子辅助电子束蒸发，可以获得非晶态的La2O3薄膜：经750℃热处理后，薄膜部分晶化：经900℃热处理后，薄膜显著晶化，晶粒尺寸明显增大，并沿（002）方向择优取向。对薄膜厶矿特性的测量结果表明，沉积态薄膜具有较小的漏电流，但随着热处理温度升高，薄膜晶化程度提高，薄膜漏电流逐渐增大：对薄膜透过率的测量结果表明，单面抛光的Si衬底上沉积La2O3薄膜，在近红外范围内有明显的增透效果，最大可达20％左右。     

碳化硼薄膜的电子束蒸发制备及表面分析

采用电子束蒸发技术制备碳化硼薄膜,利用X射线衍射(XRD)分析了薄膜的结构,测量了薄膜的X射线光电子能谱(XPS),并利用原子力显微镜(AFM)对薄膜进行表面分析.XRD结果表明:薄膜的结晶性随着衬底温度的升高逐渐转好,在较低的衬底温度下制备出多晶碳化硼薄膜.XPS分析得到了碳化硼薄膜表面的化学成分和结构特性,其主要成分为B_4C.AFM结果表明,薄膜表面光滑平整、均匀致密,随着衬底温度的升高薄膜均方根(RMS)粗糙度逐渐增大.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备La2O3纳米粉体

以普通La2O3,硝酸,聚乙二醇为原料,利用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米La2O3粉体,利用TG-DTA,XRD,TEM等各种测试方法对干凝胶300℃灼烧所得前驱体粉末的分解过程及最终形成的纳米氧化镧粉体进行了分析和表征,并研究了浓度、搅拌和分散剂聚乙二醇(PEG)添加量等因素的改变对La2O3粉体的粒径、形态的影响.实验结果表明,在适当工艺参数下,可以制得平均粒径小于50 nm的La2O3粉体.     

掺杂La2O3对CDPF催化性能的影响

本文在CDPF催化剂上,通过掺杂10、20和30 g/L不同浓度的La2O3的助剂制备了不同的CDPF样品,采用XRD、XPS、H2-TPR等表征方法以及活性评价技术,研究掺杂不同浓度La2O3的CDPF载体表面催化剂的理化特性和催化活性的关系。结果表明：随着La2O3的掺杂浓度的增加,样品的结晶度先增加再减小;样品表面的Pt原子浓度先降低再升高;样品对CO的氧化活性呈下降趋势;样品对C3H8的特征温度T10和T50均呈先增加再降低,然后再增加的趋势;样品对NO2产率的T10呈增加趋势。     

反应磁控溅射法制备Y2O3金刚石红外减反膜

采用纯钇(Y)金属靶,在氧 氩反应气氛中进行了Y2O3薄膜直流反应磁控溅射沉积.研究了工艺参数改变对薄膜的影响,选择较优的工艺在金刚石表面沉积符合光学厚度的薄膜,达到增透减反射效果.利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了薄膜的组成和结构.利用X射线衍射仪(GIXRD)和椭偏仪(Ellipsometer)研究了不同衬底温度和热处理温度对氧化钇薄膜组织结构和光学性能的影响.采用傅立叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)检测了镀膜前后金刚石红外透过性能.研究发现Y2O3薄膜能够有效提高金刚石在8～12 μm的红外透过性能,在8 μm处最大增透可达21.8%,使金刚石红外透过率由66.4%提高到88.2%;在3～5 μm范围,双面镀制了Y2O3薄膜的金刚石平均透过率达64.9%,比没有镀膜的金刚石在该处的平均透过率54%高出10.9%.     

添加剂La2O3对FeNi粉末触媒合成金刚石的影响

本文研究了添加剂La2O3对FeNi粉末触媒合成金刚石的影响。实验结果表明，La2O3对金刚石的成核具有明显的抑制作用；借助于光学显微镜，我们发现Fe—La2PO3-C体系合成出的晶体晶形完整，但透明度变的很差，且表面变得很粗糙。     

La2O3掺杂对CDPF老化性能的影响

本文基于XRD、XPS、H2-TPR等表征方法以及活性评价方法,研究了不同浓度La2O3掺杂CDPF样品水热老化状态下的理化特性与催化活性,结果表明：随着La2O3掺杂浓度增加,CDPF老化样品衍射特征峰位向大角度偏移程度以及结晶度均呈先降低后增加的趋势。La2O3掺杂能够较好地抑制样品在高温水热老化过程中的烧结和畸变,并且可以有效抑制活性位数量的减少,使CDPF表面Pt原子浓度基本保持不变,对CO、C3H8和NO催化性能的劣化率降低,并且随掺杂浓度的增大,CDPF抗老化性能有增强的趋势。     

WSi2和La2O3增强的MoSi2基复合材料的制备和磨损特性

MoSi2具有高熔点、中等密度、高热导率和强抗氧化性能，同时具有高硬度和高弹性模量，是很好的耐磨材料，可用于室温和高温的腐蚀或氧化环境中。但MoSi2在常温下断裂韧性差、高温时强度低的缺点严重限制了MoSi2基结构材料的发展。有文献报道，通过加入WSi2可显著提高MoSi2的强度和韧性，加入La2O3后MoSi2的断裂韧性增加约50％。     

La2O3对Mo粉性能影响的研究

采用光电子能谱分析方法对掺杂La2O3的Mo粉的性能进行了研究，结果表明：掺杂La(NO3)3的MoO2粉经过还原处理后，Mo粉表面的纳米La2O3微粒可以减小Mo基体的特征能量损失峰，增加Mo3d光电子谱峰强度，由于纳米LaO3粒子在金属Mo的表面及周围对Mo起到包埋效应，减小了Mo与大气的接触面积，从而使Mo的抗氧化能力增强。     

La2O3添加剂对BST陶瓷介电性能的影响

钛酸锶钡(Ba1-xSrxTiO3)优异的介电性能使其在微波可调器件的应用中成为热门材料.以BaCO3,SrCO3和TiO2为原料,采用传统的固相合成方法制备了Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3粉体,以La2O3为添加剂在1400℃烧结成钛酸锶钡陶瓷.分析了La2O3添加剂对陶瓷的微观形貌、相组成以及介电性能的影响.XRD分析表明La2O3能完全固溶到钛酸锶钡晶格中.掺杂后的陶瓷晶粒尺寸明显降低.掺杂了La2O3的钛酸锶钡的介电可调性有所增高.     

稀土镧钼热阴极材料表面镧元素的蒸发

从理论上计算了碳化Mo-La2O3热阴极材料在不同温度下活性物质镧元素的蒸发速度,分析了镧元素蒸发对材料热电子发射及其稳定性的影响.计算结果表明:当温度为1623～1700K时,阴极中镧的扩散速度大于阴极表面镧的蒸发速度,Mo-La2O3阴极表面单质La的生成和蒸发保持平衡,阴极发射稳定; 当工作温度超过1700K,阴极表面镧的蒸发速度超过扩散速度,发射电流逐渐减少.测试了Mo-La2O3阴极FU-6051电子管在不同温度时的发射性能,热力学理论计算结果较好地解析了实验结果.     

电子束交替蒸发制备蓄能发光膜及其性能研究

使用真空电子束交替蒸发的方法,在DMD-450型真空镀膜系统中,通过调整Sr_2CO_3、Al_2O_3、Eu_2O_3、Dy_2O_3独立原料靶材的蒸发时间和蒸发周期次数,制得蓝绿色(GF) 和蓝紫色(PF)发光膜.在以铝酸盐为基质的蓄能发光膜中,改变铝与锶的摩尔比,将出现Eu~(2+)的4f~65d~1→4f~7多颜色宽带跃迁和Eu~(3+)的~5D_0→~7F_J窄带跃迁.还原热处理条件对发光膜的发光性能有着重要影响:温度明显影响结晶状态;还原气氛中H_2量对发光膜的发光颜色影响较小,但会影响其相对发光强度.     

蒸镀法制备ZnS光学薄膜研究

采用真空蒸镀法在Si(111)基板上制备了ZnS光学薄膜,并系统研究了蒸发温度、沉积时间、基板距蒸发源的位置等因素对所制备薄膜物相及显微结构的影响.用X-射线衍射(XRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM)对制备的薄膜进行了表征.结果表明:制备薄膜的物相主要以β-znS闪锌矿(Sphalerite)为主,并有少量的α-ZnS纤锌矿(Wurtzite),薄膜具有(111)结晶取向的生长特征.当沉积温度为1200℃时,所制备薄膜的结晶性能较好,随沉积时间延长,薄膜的结晶性能降低.     

K2La2Ti3O10的制备和光催化产氢性能

通过聚合-配合方法和溶胶-凝胶方法,制备了具有层状钙钛矿结构复合氧化物K2La2Ti3O10光催化剂,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(DRS)、扫描电镜(SEM)等手段进行表征;以I-为电子给体,比较了制备方法对K2La2Ti3O10分解水产氢活性的影响.研究结果表明,溶胶-凝胶法制备的K2La2Ti3O10比聚合-配合法制备的K2La2Ti3O10光催化产氢活性要高出1倍左右,且制备条件友好,所得K2La2Ti3O10具有较好的单相性;获得了以I-为电子给体,溶胶-凝胶法制备的K2La2Ti3O10分解水的最佳实验条件:产氢的最佳pH值为11.5,RuO2的负载量为0.2%～0.3%.     

Effect of La2O3 Particles on the Oxidation of Electrodeposited Nickel Films

Electrodeposited Ni-La₂O₃composite films with nanometer-sizeLa₂O₃ oxide inclusions werefabricated by the codeposition of nickel withLa₂O₃ particles. The comparativeoxidation behavior in air at 900 and 1000°C of nickel coated with theNi-La₂O₃ composite and films withand without nickel-plating was studied by TGA, AE,SEM/EDX, EPMA, and TEM/EDX. In general, theNi-La₂O₃ composite-coated nickelhad the slowest rate and the best resistance tothermal cycling. AE tests revealed that cracking eventsin NiO scales on Ni-La₂O₃composite-coated nickel was significantly reduced incomparison to that of the scale on nickel-coated nickel during thermalcycling at 900°C. SEM investigation showed that theLa₂O₃-free NiO scale was composedof outer coarse columnar grains and inner equiaxed ones.By contrast, the scale on the Ni-La₂O₃composite-coated nickel consisted of only fine equiaxedNiO grains. The scale on theLa₂O₃-free samples wascharacterized by cracks that originated at thescale-substrate interface and spanned the scale thickness. By contrast,no scale cracks formed at theLa₂O₃-doped NiO scale-substrateinterface, but small voids were created at the triplepoints of the grain boundaries of NiO. In the La₂O₃-doped NiOscale, segregation of La ions to the NiO grainboundaries near the scale-surface was observed by EDXmicroanalyses in the TEM. It is believed that the Laions segregated at the grain boundaries of NiO led to an increase in thecohesion between nickel oxides and in a reduction of thescaling rate and the formation of scale with fineequiaxed crystal structure by blocking the outward and lateral growth of scale. The latter was dueto the predominant outward diffusion of nickel along NiOgrain boundaries being inhibited effectively by thesegregated La ions. The mechanism of the effect of the added La₂O₃particles on the nickel electrodeposits is discussed indetail.     

Evaporation of Cr2O3 in Atmospheres Containing H2O

Stainless steels in atmospheres containing H₂O form a Cr₂O₃ scale in the early stage of oxidation. However, the Cr₂O₃ scale gradually degrades with time. In order to determine the effect of H₂O on the deterioration of a Cr₂O₃ scale, the evaporation behavior of Cr₂O₃ in N₂–O₂–H₂O atmospheres was investigated. The rate of mass loss in an N₂–O₂–H₂O atmosphere was found to be one order of magnitude higher than the rates in N₂–O₂ and N₂–H₂O atmospheres, indicating that deterioration of the Cr₂O₃ scale is likely to occur in mixed atmospheres of oxygen and water vapor. Volatilization of Cr₂O₃ is probably based on the following reactions: 1/2Cr₂O₃(s)+3/4O₂(g)+H₂O(g)=CrO₂(OH)₂(g). However, it is also speculated that the reaction, Cr₂O₃(s)+2/3O₂(g)=2CrO₃(g), affects the evaporation of Cr₂O₃ at temperatures higher than 1323 K. The evaporation rate of Cr₂O₃ is roughly comparable to the growth rate of the Cr₂O₃ scale. Therefore, a Cr₂O₃ scale can be degraded by the evaporation of Cr₂O₃.     

Nanomechanical Properties of Amorphous and Polycrystalline SrTiO3 Transparent Thin Films Prepared by Ion Beam Sputtering

Transparent SrTiO₃ thin films were deposited on glass substrates by ion beam sputtering at various substrate temperatures. The structural characteristic of the deposited films shows the transition from amorphous phase to polycrystalline phase at 600 °C. The films exhibit a good transparency in the visible region (~80-85%) and a relatively smooth surface. The calculated band gaps for amorphous and polycrystalline films were ~4.20 and ~3.84 eV, respectively. The refractive index of the films increases with increasing the substrate temperature, and the extinction coefficient of the films in the visible region is in the order of 10^?3, indicating low optical loss. The nanomechanical properties of the films were investigated using nanoindentation technique. Young’s modulus and hardness for all films are found to be increased with the increase of substrate temperature.