能谱变化对239Pu裂变室测量快中子注量的影响

热中子和共振区的中子在快中子临界装置中所占的份额很小,但是由于其相对大的截面,在慢化物存在的情况下,热中子和共振中子份额的微小变化,对^239Pu裂变室测量中子注量的结果影响很大。通过测量^239Pu裂变电离室在包镉和包硼、周围有无慢化物等情况下的反应率,Au、In活化片的镉比,S活化片在能谱变化下与^239。Pu的反应率比等,分析了快中子临界装置中热中子和共振区中子的分布,讨论了中子能谱变化对^239Pu裂变室测量快中子注量的影响及解决办法。     

加速器中子源的中子注量测量方法

在用静电加速器中子源标定探测器的中子灵敏度实验中,采用“BF3长计数管 定标器”系统过渡,用^197Au中子活化分析方法达到了对中子注量在线、绝对监测的目的。这种方法给出与加速器束流不同角度、不同距离处的中子注量。介绍了这种中子注量测量方法。     

FPGA-based position reconstruction method for neutron beam flux spatial distribution measurement in BNCT

A new measurement method for the spatial distribution of neutron beam flux in boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT)is being developed based on the two-dimensional Micromegas detector.To address the issue of long processing times in traditional offline position reconstruction methods,this paper proposes a field programmable gate array based online posi-tion reconstruction method utilizing the micro-time projection chamber principle.This method encapsulates key technical aspects:a self-adaptive serial link technique built upon the dynamical adjustment of the delay chain length,fast sorting,a coordinate-matching technique based on the mapping between signal timestamps and random access memory(RAM)addresses,and a precise start point-merging technique utilizing a circular combined RAM.The performance test of the self-adaptive serial link shows that the bit error rate of the link is better than 10-12 at a confidence level of 99％,ensuring reliable data transmission.The experiment utilizing the readout electronics and Micromegas detector shows a spatial resolution of approximately 1.4 mm,surpassing the current method's resolution level of 5 mm.The beam experiment confirms that the readout electronics system can obtain the flux spatial distribution of neutron beams online,thus validating the feasibility of the position reconstruction method.The online position reconstruction method avoids traditional methods,such as bubble sorting and traversal searching,simplifies the design of the logic firmware,and reduces the time complexity from O(n2)to O(n).This study contributes to the advancement in measuring neutron beam flux for BNCT.     

用于CSNS反角白光中子能谱及注量率测量的快裂变室

即将建成的中国散裂中子源(China Spallation Neutron Source,CSNS)反角白光中子束线可为核数据测量提供高注量率的脉冲白光中子束流,填补我国核数据测量用白光中子源的空白,提高我国核数据测量水平,满足核能、核技术及基础核物理研究对核数据的需求。该束线建成后,其中子能谱及注量率的精确测量将是开展其它物理实验的基础,快裂变电离室因其独特优点被选为中子能谱和注量率测量探测器。通过实验研究了快裂变电离室的粒子分辨性能、时间分辨性能;确定阴、阳极的合理间距为10 mm,据此测得电离室的时间分辨约15 ns;利用235U样品量计算的探测效率与利用伴随粒子法给出的探测效率在不确定度范围内符合,因此可以标定快裂变室的探测效率。通过这些工作,完成了满足反角白光中子束能谱及注量率测量需求的快裂变室的物理设计。     

The study of aeroball system for measuring 3D neutron flux distribution in reactor core

Aeroball system is attractive in several aspects because it can easily transport the map of neutron flux distribution to be measured from incore to outside of a reactor vessel.However,before the aeroball system is put to practical use in the heating reactor.there are four topics that have to be further studied.They are the stability of the activated positions,enhancement of signal/noise(S/N)ratio,distributed control and data-acquisition system and on-lin nbeutron flux distribution reconstruction.Besides describing the rasons for them,this paper gives out the theory,concept and solution about the first two topics and it is helptul to give the possibility to enhance the reactor-power.     

Direct measurement of mechanical momentum of a neutron flux

Translated from Atomnaya Énergiya, Vol. 66, No. 1, pp. 48–49, January, 1989.     

利用金属钆测量热中子通量的实验研究

研究了一种测量热中子通量的新方法,利用金属钆与热中子反应产生的次级γ射线来确定热中子通量。使用两个NaI探测器进行符合测量,设计了对伽玛射线和散射中子的良好屏蔽体。经过对本底和钆样品的多次测量,对钆与中子反应产生的伽玛能谱进行了分析,计算出了中子与钆反应产生的计数率(样品净计数率),其最大值达到2.74 Hz,从而证实了这种方法的可行性。     

The fast neutron energy spectrum and the thermal neutron flux distribution in the experimental channel of the VVR reactor

Using threshold detectors of aluminum, indium, iron, titanium, zinc, silicon, magnesium, mercury, and sulfur, we have measured the fast-neutron energy distribution in the experimental vertical channel of the VVR-2 reactor, traveling in the immediate vicinity of the active zone. We have obtained the spectral composition of the fast neutrons in the center of the channel at the level of the middle of the active zone, the thermal neutron flux and its distribution in the channel. The activity of all detectors except the sulfur and copper detectors was determined from the -radiation. The obtained experimental data are compared with the results of the theoretical calculation.     

由中子注量率空间分布形状测量确定反应堆次临界度的方法研究

从堆物理的基础理论出发,提出了通过堆内中子注量空间分布的测量来确定反应堆次临界度的一种新方法,并通过对我国启明星1 号次临界实验装置的数值模拟,初步说明了该方法的可行性.     

Intra-pellet neutron flux distribution measurements in LWR critical lattices

We have developed inexpensive and easy-handling measurement methods on intra-pellet neutron flux. A foil activation method with metallic foils, which were fabricated by punching out technique and etching technique to reduce fabrication error and positioning error, was used for the intra-pellet neutron flux distribution measurement. The developed method was applied to measure intra-pellet neutron flux distributions in a reduced–moderation light water reactor (LWR) lattices, and uncertainty of the distributions was estimated to be 1% to 2%. Measured values were analyzed with a continuous energy Monte Carlo code. Comparison of measurements and analyses revealed that the developed method is useful for the validation of an advanced fuel design method considering neutron behavior in fuel pellets.     

移动式堆芯中子注量率测量系统概述

堆芯中子注量率测量系统是压水堆核电站核测量系统的主要组成部分,用于测量反应堆堆芯的中子注量率水平,从而提供反应堆的功率分布情况。文章介绍了中核（北京）核仪器厂国产化的移动式堆芯中子注量率测量系统,并对测量系统的概况、系统组成、工作原理及功能等进行了描述。     

Development of an innovative neutron flux mapping system

An innovative in-core flux mapping system has been developed and applied successfully for service in commercial pressurized water reactors. With the benefit of double indexing path selector mechanism, the reliability of the detector drive system has been improved five times higher than that of a conventional system. The problems caused by strong friction generated between the detector cable and guide tubes have been resolved by the double indexing path selector architecture enabling the detector guide tubes to have smaller curvature and shorter length in nature. The system normally exerts two-thirds of force to make the detector reach the top of the fuel position, compared with conventional ones. In addition, simple and fast maintenance is realized by optimizing the number of components in the detector drive system and providing easy access to the components, thereby guaranteeing minimum radiation exposure to maintenance personnel. The programmable logic controller-based digital controller with Windows^®-based operator console provides fully automated and user-friendly operation and maintenance support means. The developed in-core flux mapping systems have been deployed at the Kori nuclear units 1–4.     

The effect of a partially inserted absorbing control rod on the neutron flux density distribution

This paper presents a method of calculating the effectiveness of a partially inserted absorbing, cylindrical control rod in a reactor without a reflector. The method makes it possible to give a comparatively simple estimate of the distortion of the neutron flux density near the control rod. The calculations are made using the one group equation + B² = 0, with special boundary conditions on the surface of the rod. As an example of the use of the method, the values of B² and the corresponding flux distributions have been calculated for several positions of the rod in the reactor.We wish to thank R. Zezula, I. Svatosh, and M. Prazhskaya for carrying out the numerical calculations. particularly great initiative was shown by R. Zezula, who also calculated the tables of the function Zk'(a. B²)/Zk(a, B²) on the electronic BÉSM setup in the Calculational Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.     

靶件内中子注量率分布计算方法研究

选择ANISN作为实验靶件内中子注量率分布计算的程序，编制辅助程序输入混合材料截面。计算得到延时水箱附近的中子注量率，与测量数据作对比。计算得到靶片自屏因子，并与2000年实验数据对比。确认计算方法可行后，计算得到实验靶件内热中子注量率分布数据。     

The effect of temperature and control rod position on the spatial neutron flux distribution in the Syrian miniature neutron source reactor

The effect on the spatial neutron flux distribution for both of water and fuel temperature increase as well as the change in the control rod position are presented in the Syrian miniature neutron source reactor (MNSR). The cross-sections of all the reactor components at different temperatures are generated using the WIMSD4 code. These group constants are used then in the CITATION code to calculate the spatial neutron flux distribution at different water and fuel temperatures and different control rod positions using four energy groups. This work shows that the increase in water and fuel temperatures during the reactor daily operating time does not affect the spatial neutron flux distribution in the reactor. The change in the control rod position does not affect as well the spatial neutron flux distribution in the reactor except in the region around the control rod position.     

SPRR-300反应堆混凝土屏蔽层内中子注量率分布研究

采用MCNP程序与ANISN程序结合的计算方案获取了SPRR-300反应堆混凝土屏蔽层内的中子注量率分布情况，同时采用固体核径迹探测器测量了混凝土屏蔽层外低水平中子注量率，两者吻合较好，说明了计算结果的可信性。上述结果为反应堆退役工作提供了放射性源项的计算依据。     

Optimization of moderator assembly for neutron flux measurement: experimental and theoretical approaches

A moderator of paraffin wax assembly has been demonstrated where its thickness can be optimized to thermalize fast neutrons. The assembly is used for measuring fast neutron flux of a neutron probe at different neutron energies, using BF03(U10and 200) and3He(U0.500)neutron detectors. The paraffin wax thickness was optimized at 6 cm for the neutron probe which contains an Am–Be neutron source. The experimental data are compared with Monte Carlo simulation results using MCNP5 version 1.4. Neutron flux comparison and neutron activation techniques are used for measuring neutron flux of the neutron probe to validate the optimum paraffin moderator thickness in the assembly. The neutron fluxes are measured at(1.17 ± 0.09) 9 105 and(1.19 ± 0.1) 9 105n/s, being in agreement with the simulated values. The moderator assembly can easily be utilized for essential requirements of neutron flux measurements.