改性石墨烯纳米带/双马来酰亚胺复合材料的摩擦学性能

为了改善石墨烯与双马来酰亚胺(BMI)树脂的相容性,并使其在摩擦过程中快速形成高质量自润滑转移膜,用超支化聚硅氧烷(HBPSi)和Ni纳米粒子共同改性石墨烯纳米带(GNRs),制备了HBPSi/Ni/GNRs复合粒子,将其引入到BMI树脂中制备出HBPSi/Ni/GNRs/BMI复合材料。采用FTIR、SEM、TEM、摩擦磨损试验机及分子动力学模拟对复合粒子的结构、形貌及添加量和复合材料的摩擦学性能的影响进行了考察,并探究了其摩擦磨损机理。结果表明,HBPSi和Ni纳米粒子成功负载到GNRs表面上。与GNRs相比,HBPSi/Ni/GNRs复合粒子能够显著提升BMI复合材料的摩擦学性能。当HBPSi/Ni/GNRs复合粒子添加量(质量分数)为0.6%时,HBPSi/Ni/GNRs/BMI复合材料的摩擦系数和体积磨损率均降至最低,分别为0.18和1.9×10^–6 mm³/(N·m)。HBPSi/Ni/GNRs复合粒子与BMI树脂强的界面作用是导致其复合材料抗剪切能力提升的关键。     

石墨烯/超支化聚硅氧烷涂层的制备与防腐性能研究

为改善有机硅涂层的防腐性能,本实验采用硅烷改性氧化石墨烯掺杂超支化聚硅氧烷,制得石墨烯改性超支化聚硅氧烷(HBPSi-PDM-SGO)涂层,探讨了硅烷改性氧化石墨烯含量对涂层热稳定性、防腐性等的影响.结果 表明,HBPSi-PDM-SGO的热稳定性较好,防腐性也得到了显著提高;此外,硅烷改性氧化石墨烯还可以改善涂层的机...     

纳米二氧化硅/超支化聚硅氧烷/氰酸酯树脂复合材料的性能研究

采用硅烷偶联剂表面处理过的纳米二氧化硅(nano-SiO2)作为填料改性超支化聚硅氧烷/氰酸酯(HBPSi/CE)树脂体系。结果表明:适量的nano-SiO2既可同时提高HBPSi/CE树脂的韧性和强度,又可改善其耐水性能;当nano-SiO2质量分数为3.0%时,nano-SiO2/HBPSi/CE体系的冲击强度(14.1 kJ/m2)和弯曲强度(118.4 MPa)分别比HBPSi/CE树脂提高了26%和12%,其吸水率低于HBPSi/CE树脂,介电常数略高于HBPSi/CE树脂,介电损耗角正切与HBPSi/CE树脂相当。     

氰酸酯/聚苯醚/超支化聚硅氧烷接枝纳米SiO2复合材料的性能

以介电性能优异的聚苯醚(PPO)改性的双酚A型氰酸酯树脂（CE）为基体,分别以超支化聚硅氧烷接枝的纳米二氧化硅（HBP SiO2）和未处理的纳米二氧化硅（nano SiO2）为改性剂,制备了CE/PPO/HBP SiO2和CE/PPO/nano SiO2两种三元体系复合材料,并利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪等分析手段对HBP SiO2及复合材料的结构与性能进行了研究,结果表明,nano SiO2的加入有助于提高改性体系的力学性能,且HBP SiO2比nano SiO2显示出更好的改性效果;CE/PPO/HBP SiO2体系的介电常数均低于CE/PPO/nano SiO2、CE/PPO、CE体系,而介电损耗因子比CE、CE/PPO体系的小,比CE/PPO/nano SiO2体系的大。     

端氨基超支化聚硅氧烷接枝氧化石墨烯改性环氧胶粘剂的研究

利用硅烷偶联剂KH-550制备了端氨基超支化聚硅氧烷,并将其接枝到氧化石墨烯表面,通过FT-IR、XRD和TEM等手段表征了接枝结构。再将其添加到环氧树脂中,制备出改性环氧胶粘剂。通过TEM、DMA、高温剪切强度以及90°剥离强度测试,研究了接枝氧化石墨烯对环氧胶粘剂的性能影响。研究结果表明:改性氧化石墨烯加入后环氧树脂的玻璃化转变温度有明显提高;当功能化氧化石墨烯的添加量为0.20%时,高温剪切强度和常温剥离强度较改性前分别提高了18%和129%,表明接枝改性氧化石墨烯的引入能够在一定程度上提高环氧树脂的韧性和耐温性。     

超支化聚硅氧烷的合成及其在树脂改性中的应用进展

超支化聚硅氧烷作为一种新型的的高分子材料,以其半有机半无机的分子结构和高低温、强烈憎水性等性能被广泛研究及应用。本文在综述超支化聚硅氧烷合成方法的基础上,对其在树脂改性方面的研究进行了总结,并展望了其未来的发展方向。     

超支化含苯基聚硅氧烷亲二氧化碳特性及其分子模拟

通过水解缩聚法制备含有不同苯基含量的超支化聚硅氧烷，探究苯基的引入对超支化聚合物在CO2中溶解性能的影响。浊点压力测试得出苯基的引入在超支化结构中对聚合物在CO2中的溶解度影响不大，超支化聚合物中苯基含量的增加没有导致浊点压力的明显升高，有望实现作为CO2增稠剂兼具较好的溶解度和增稠性能。分子模拟计算分析了超支化聚硅氧烷和直链聚硅氧烷与CO2分子间的相互作用以及超支化聚硅氧烷分子间的相互作用，发现含苯基的超支化聚硅氧烷具有更低的内聚能密度（CED）和溶解度参数（δ），表现出更弱的聚合物分子间相互作用，有利于超支化有机硅氧烷在CO2体系中的溶解。     

表面能连续可调的反应性超支化聚硅氧烷的制备与性能

针对不同应用场景对聚硅氧烷性能要求的变化,通过改变含环氧基和苯基的硅氧烷单体投料比,以水解缩合的方式制备一系列表面能连续可调的高固含量超支化聚硅氧烷。结合电导率测试、核磁共振氢谱、硅谱、凝胶渗透色谱三联检测仪确定在pH=1的条件下反应4h可以得到水解程度为96.1%,支化度为51.2%,Mark-Houwink常数α在0.3左右,具有近似球形结构的超支化聚硅氧烷。通过接触角测试计算表面能发现,随苯基硅氧烷摩尔分数的提升,疏水性提高,表面能在36.5～46.7 mJ·m^–2连续下降。透光率测试结果表明聚硅氧烷表面能与环氧树脂表面能差越大,透光率越小,当表面能差达到8.2m J·m^–2时,可见光透过率(700nm)大幅下降了56.6%,此时树脂间不相容性显著提高。扫描电子显微镜-能谱分析仪测试表明硅树脂在固化混合物中的质量分数是从底面到表面逐渐增加,发生了明显的分层。超支化聚硅氧烷的热氧稳定性也随苯基硅氧烷的摩尔分数提升而增强。     

超支化聚磷酸酯/聚苯乙烯复合材料的性能研究

以密炼、模压等工艺制备了超支化聚磷酸酯(HPPE)/聚苯乙烯(PS)复合材料,研究了HPPE的代数和用量对HPPE/PS复合材料性能的影响及其规律性,研究的性能包括拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度、维卡软化点温度以及熔体质量流动速率,并通过SEM观察其冲击断面的微观形态和研究其增韧机理.结果表明:HPPE/PS复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度和熔体质量流动速率随HPPE用量的增加先增加后降低,随HPPE摩尔质量的变化影响较小.在HPPE-2用量为6 phr左右,复合材料的综合性能较佳,对比纯PS,拉伸强度可提高124%,冲击强度可提高56%,熔体质量流动速率可提高84%,但弯曲强度和维卡软化点温度有微弱下降.     

聚丙烯/超支化聚酰胺接枝纳米Y2O3复合材料的性能

利用一步法缩聚工艺在经过偶联剂处理的纳米Y2O3粒子表面接枝超支化聚酰胺(HBPA),得到HBPA接枝纳米Y2O3(Y2O3-g-HBPA),用傅里叶变换红外光谱与热重分析对其进行了表征。通过熔融共混制备了聚丙烯(PP)/Y2O3复合材料,研究了纳米粒子含量和增容剂甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)接枝PP(PP-g-GMA)对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:Y2O3-g-HBPA比未改性Y2O3对PP有更好的增强增韧作用,当w(Y2O3-g-HBPA)为3%时,PP/Y2O3-g-HBPA复合材料的冲击强度与拉伸强度分别比纯PP提高了43.8%,16.3%;PP-g-GMA提高了PP/Y2O3复合材料的力学性能,但降低了PP/Y2O3-g-HBPA复合材料的力学性能;纳米粒子起到异相成核的作用,使PP的结晶峰温度升高,PP-g-GMA提高了复合材料的总结晶速率。     

Curing kinetics and mechanism of novel high performance hyperbranched polysiloxane/bismaleimide/cyanate ester resins for resin transfer molding

Curing kinetics and mechanism determine the structure and property of thermosetting resins and related composites. The curing kinetics and mechanism of a novel high performance resin system based on hyperbranched polysiloxane (HBPSi), 2,2′‐diallylbisphenol A modified bismaleimide (BD), and cyanate ester (CE) resins for Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) technique were systemically studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra, and torque rheometer. Results show that the addition of HBPSi to BD/CE resin not only decreases the initial curing temperature and apparent activation energy, but also changes the curing mechanism, and thus the structure and properties of resultant crosslinked networks. An “Interpenetrating network (IPN)‐coupling structure” is proposed to be formed in the HBPSi/BD/CE system, which is different from traditional “IPN” structure in BD/CE resin. The simulation of curing reaction suggests that the variety of the curing activity leads to the difference between the curing behaviors of BD/CE and HBPSi/BD/CE resins, which is in good agreement with FTIR and DSC analyses. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Incorporation of hyperbranched polyamide‐functionalized graphene oxide into epoxy for improving interfacial and mechanical properties

The incorporation of hyperbranched polyamide‐functionalized graphene oxide (HPA‐GO) into epoxy was proposed to improve the interfacial and mechanical properties. Benefiting from improved dispersion and strengthened interfacial interaction, epoxy composites with HPA‐GO showed significant improvements in mechanical and thermomechanical properties at low GO loading. The interaction at the HPA‐GO/epoxy interface was investigated to confirm the occurrence of chemical bonding. Strong interfacial bonding improved the stress transfer and distribution of HPA‐GO/epoxy interface. Accordingly, the overall strength of epoxy composites was effectively improved on account of the uniform dispersion of HPA‐GO and interfacial chemical interaction between HPA‐GO and epoxy. Compared with neat epoxy resin, the inclusion of 0.10 wt% HPA‐GO led to 310.5 and 37.2% increase in impact strength and tensile strength, respectively. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry     

Preparation and properties of novel high performance UV-curable epoxy acrylate/hyperbranched polysiloxane coatings

Novel high performance UV-curable coatings based on epoxy acrylate (EA) oligomer and hyperbranched polysiloxane (HPSi) were prepared, the effect of HPSi on the processing of uncured EA/HPSi system and integrated performance of cured resins is evaluated. Results show that a small addition of HPSi can greatly decrease the viscosity of EA oliogmer, while the viscosity almost does not reduces as the content of HPSi continuously increases owing to the interaction between HPSi and EA oligomer. The integrated performance of cured resins is closely related with the content of HPSi, those resins with suitable contents of HPSi have significantly improved toughness and stiffness as well as thermal and moisture resistance. The origin of all these changes in macro-performance are investigated and proved to be resulted from the variety in the chemical structure and crosslinking density induced by the addition of HPSi. These attractive features of EA/HPSi resins suggest that HPSi is an effective multi-functional diluent for UV-curable EA resin, and the method proposed herein is a new approach to develop high performance UV-curable coatings, solvent-free resins, etc., for cutting-edge industries.     

Friction properties of graphene reinforced nitrile rubber composites after thermal oxidation aging: Experiment and molecular dynamics simulation

We established friction models for pure NBR, GNS/NBR, and GO/NBR composites through molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Our study focused on the impact of GNS and GO on the friction properties of nitrile rubber (NBR) composite materials after undergoing thermal oxygen aging. Based on the simulation results, it can be observed that the GNS/NBR and GO/NBR composites' coefficient of friction (COF) decreases by 20.8% and 24.8%, respectively, at 348 K. Additionally, the abrasion rate is reduced by 17.4% and 25.7%, respectively, for the same composites. Adding GNS and GO can effectively improve the friction performance of the NBR composite system, and compared with GNS, GO shows a better enhancement effect. Pure NBR and GO/NBR composite materials were prepared by mechanical blending method, and the friction properties of GO-enhanced NBR composite materials were studied. The experimental results show that the GO/NBR composite material can maintain a low friction and wear coefficient after thermal and oxygen aging. It shows that adding GO can effectively improve the friction properties of NBR composite systems and slow down the weakening effect of aging on the friction properties of NBR composite materials. This is because the GO surface contains wealthy functional groups such as epoxy groups, which enhances the binding strength between the GO and NBR interface so that the GO/NBR composite material exhibits better friction properties and thermal oxygen aging resistance. In addition, the wear surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing the damage mechanism of friction and wear of NBR composite materials.     

聚偏氟乙烯/石墨烯复合材料的制备及性能研究

用溶液共混法制备出聚偏氟乙烯/氧化石墨烯复合材料(PVDF/GO),经高温热压将GO还原得到聚偏氟乙烯/还原氧化石墨烯复合材料(PVDF/rGO)。研究了填料种类及含量对复合材料电学性能、热稳定性和力学性能的影响。结果表明：随GO和rGO的添加,两种复合材料的介电常数(ε _r)均变大、介电损耗(tanδ)变化不大;低含量下GO和rGO均能提高PVDF的热稳定性,但rGO对PVDF性能的改善效果更好;随填料含量从0增加到8%(质量),100 Hz下PVDF/rGO复合材料的ε _r从3.60增加到38.30,PVDF/rGO[4%(质量)]复合材料失重率为5%的分解温度较纯PVDF提高了6.44℃。rGO增强了PVDF的刚性,PVDF/rGO复合材料的拉伸强度先增大后减小,杨氏模量逐渐增大,当rGO含量为4%(质量)时拉伸强度最大,拉伸强度和弹性模量分别较纯PVDF提高了35.30%、22.58%。但GO和rGO都降低了复合材料的击穿场强。     

芳纶浆粕增强丁腈橡胶复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

利用开炼机制备了丁腈橡胶(NBR)/芳纶浆粕(PPTA-pulp)复合材料。研究了在干摩擦和水润滑条件下,纤维含量、摩擦时间以及载荷对NBR/PPTA-pulp复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,并分析了磨损机理。结果表明,芳纶浆粕的加入能够很好地改善复合材料的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能,在相同条件下,当纤维质量分数为20%时,复合材料的综合性能最佳;在干摩擦条件下,随着摩擦时间延长,复合材料的摩擦系数下降,磨耗量增大;随着载荷增加,摩擦系数和磨耗量增大;水润滑条件下,复合材料的摩擦系数和磨耗量较干摩擦大幅度降低且比较稳定,时间和载荷对其影响很小;干摩擦时,复合材料的磨损机理主要为磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损;水润滑时,主要为轻微磨粒磨损。     

石墨烯复合材料的研究及其应用

综述了石墨烯复合材料的结构和分类,主要包括石墨烯-纳米粒子复合材料、石墨烯-聚合物复合材料和石墨烯-碳基材料复合材料,并简述石墨烯复合材料在催化领域、电化学领域、生物医药领域和含能材料领域的应用。     

月桂酸插层改性Ni/Al-NO3-LDHs及其对摩擦性能的影响

采用液相共沉淀法制备了Ni/Al-NO3-LDHs,以月桂酸为插层剂,采用离子交换法对合成产物进行了插层改性。采用X射线衍射、热重及差热分析、红外光谱、扫描电镜、比表面积分析仪、四球摩擦实验机和齿轮实验机等手段对合成产物的结构和性能进行了评价。结果表明：插层前,晶体呈六方片状,晶粒尺寸为40nm,比表面积为96.57m2/g;月桂酸插层后,产物的层间高度增加,但比表面积显著降低;Ni/Al-NO3-LDHs及其月桂酸插层产物可明显降低金属摩擦副的摩擦系数、磨斑直径、润滑介质温度以及驱动电机功耗。     

Mechanical properties of graphene nanoplatelet/epoxy composites

Because of their high‐specific stiffness, carbon‐filled epoxy composites can be used in structural components in fixed‐wing aircraft. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) are short stacks of individual layers of graphite that are a newly developed, lower cost material that often increases the composite tensile modulus. In this work, researchers fabricated neat epoxy (EPON 862 with Curing Agent W) and 1–6 wt % GNP in epoxy composites. The cure cycle used for this aerospace epoxy resin was 2 h at 121°C followed by 2 h at 177°C. These materials were tested for tensile properties using typical macroscopic measurements. Nanoindentation was also used to determine modulus and creep compliance. These macroscopic results showed that the tensile modulus increased from 2.72 GPa for the neat epoxy to 3.36 GPa for 6 wt % (3.7 vol %) GNP in epoxy composite. The modulus results from nanoindentation followed this same trend. For loadings from 10 to 45 mN, the creep compliance for the neat epoxy and GNP/epoxy composites was similar. The GNP aspect ratio in the composite samples was confirmed to be similar to that of the as‐received material by using the percolation threshold measured from electrical resistivity measurements. Using this GNP aspect ratio, the two‐dimensional randomly oriented filler Halpin–Tsai model adjusted for platelet filler shape predicts the tensile modulus well for the GNP/epoxy composites. Per the authors' knowledge, mechanical properties and modeling for this GNP/epoxy system have never been reported in the open literature. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013