应用MAX180的多通道轴角采集方案

介绍了AD芯片MAX180的特点、原理及使用，具体列举了该芯片在轴角采集电路中的应用，并讨论了计算轴角的算法。     

可编程芯片在测控系统中的应用

分析了可编程芯片在设计测控系统中的应用，同以前的电子设计方法相比，使用可编程芯片可以大大简化测控系统电路部分的设计，并且可减小电子线路板的面积，从而使整个测试系统小型化；更重要的是由于使用了可编程芯片，一些复杂的算法可通过硬件实现，从而增强了测试系统的功能，最后给出了相关的工程实例。     

第三层千兆比以太网交换机的研究与应用

以太网技术的发展和成熟，以及计算机性能和应用需求的增长促进了对第三层千兆比以太网交换机的应用。介绍了用MARVELL公司芯片为主芯片设计及实现的第三层千兆比以太网交换机，描述了交换机的各部分电路的设计和实现的功能，同时对其性能指标和实验测试结果的进行了说明。     

多功能检测技术——RFID射频加密卡在化工、医药生产领域中的商机

集成电路板的需求量越来越大，当一种射频芯片成为创新性未来产品时，另一种射频芯片则被认为是条码的最佳改进。在流程工业企业中人们之所以对射频芯片的应用这样感兴趣，是因为它可以完成多种多样的任务。[编者按]     

无线芯片域网络自适应多址调制方案的研究

为了解决多芯片构成的无线芯片域网络（WCAN）中的多用户网络通信问题，进行了WCAN自适应多址调制方案研究。结合WCAN的具体应用场景，首先研究了芯片内/间的无线信道特性，分析了多址跳时脉冲位置调制（TH PPM）技术的干扰噪声源及BER性能；然后在此基础上提出了自适应多址TH PPM方案，设计了智能化的传输机制，以对WCAN中芯片内/间的功率、误码率、传输速率进行权衡；最后通过仿真给出了其性能分析。研究结果显示，该方案在确保芯片内/间无线互连QoS可靠的同时，能够合理地分配系统资源，显著提高系统的传输性能，有效解决固定多址调制技术存在资源分配不均，系统性能不稳定的缺陷。     

锁相环MC145170在中波发射机中的应用

本文利用锁相环MC145170串行接口的特点，绘出了锁相环应用电路的框图，较详细地介绍了MC145170芯片的引脚。     

RNSS射频基带一体化芯片测试方法研究

随着卫星导航产业的快速发展,导航芯片成为民用卫星导航应用的核心竞争力。拥有诸多优势的射频基带一体化芯片是导航芯片发展的主流方向之一,本文依托某应用推广项目,对国产的该类芯片进行测试验证,通过不同模态下对其定位精度和跟踪灵敏度的考核,验证了芯片的基本功能,对该类芯片的测试方法进行了初步研究。     

芯片毛细管电泳技术的应用与进展

介绍了目前芯片毛细管电泳的主要分离技术:芯片毛细管区带电泳、芯片毛细管凝胶电泳、芯片胶束电动色谱、芯片毛细管电色谱及多相层流无膜扩散分离.芯片毛细管电泳的研究已经取得了很大的进展,研制出了多种微型化、集成化的芯片,多种分离技术在芯片上的开发应用,显示出芯片毛细管电泳技术在众多分析领域会有广阔的发展前景.     

VLSI超大规模集成电路测试和验证的发展趋势

随着深亚微米级材料的应用，VLSI器件进一步推动了半导体技术领域的发展，传统的测试和验证方法已不能满足需要且成本较高，基于Core的系统级芯片要求芯片设计者必须改变以往的开发方式，以便缩短上市时间，扩大销售额。一种嵌入式的测试方法应运而生，它能使芯片设计者在较短的时间内生产出高质量的产品，提高利润、增加市场知名度，且大大减少了系统验证、检测和调试的时间。本文着重讨论嵌入测试技术，分析该技术对产品的上市时间、产品质量以及生产成本所带来的影响。     

IC芯片包装及其自动化工艺研究

分析了目前封装测试行业芯片包装与防护的基本要求，总结了行业芯片包装的现状及不足之处。从包装结构的优化入手，进而重新规划了包装工艺流程，以期实现芯片的自动化包装操作。在提高芯片包装效率的同时，降低人工操作失误对芯片产生的潜在质量风险。     

Thermophysical properties: What have we learned recently,and what do we still need to know?

Some recent developments in the areas of measurement, prediction, and correlation of thermophysical properties and phase behavior are reviewed. However. important problems remain, and some of these are not being addressed. Here a number of thermophysical properties problem areas are identified based on the prejudices of the author and a small survey of friends and colleagues in industry and academia. Many of the problems arise as result of changes in industrial emphasis, for example, from chemicals to materials and pharmaceuticals, changes in federal or local regulations permitting lower air and water emissions, changes in technology, and an interest in determining the fate of chemicals in the environment. Some of the research needs, both experimental and theoretical. to deal with these problems are discussed.     

基于CiteSpace的PHA研究进展与热点分析

目的 直观把握PHA相关领域的研究进展和热点,推动PHA领域的发展。方法 以CNKI与Web of Science数据库中近10年的相关文献为对象,采用文献计量方法,使用CiteSpace软件绘制PHA研究知识图谱。结果 相关文献的年度发文量不断上升,国内外学术界对PHA领域的关注度越来越高,国际PHA领域的跨单位合作比国内更广泛。该领域的研究力量遍布全球,其中清华大学、葡萄牙里斯本新大学、马来西亚理科大学、昆士兰大学、布尔诺理工大学等机构的贡献突出、影响较大,陈国强是该领域发文量最多的学者。通过分析     

Neue Methoden zur Beurteilung der Betriebsfestigkeit im Fahrzeugauslegungs‐ und ‐absicherungsprozess

Advanced durability evaluation in vehicle design and validation process The modern process of evaluation and validation conducted in the automotive industry uses experimental, metrological, and calculation‐based methods. Offering various examples, the present paper describes new developments in the determination and evaluation of operating strength, particularly in terms of virtual methods and their application in practice. The first point considered is the virtual determination of load data, the second is the improvement of calculated fatigue life. Two current examples in the development of methods are presented in this context: The first example examines the inhomogeneity of materials in calculating aluminium castings. The second example describes the approach taken in the configuration of components made of short‐fibre‐reinforced polymers, applying a new method of calculation.     

Hepatitis B and C in dialysis units in Iran: changing the epidemiology

Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses are the most important infections transmitted by the parenteral route in patients receiving maintenance dialysis. The prevalence varies markedly from country to country. The aim of this study is to review the efficacy of the strategies to reduce the incidence of these infections and the trend of results in Iran. As a routine, all hemodialysis patients in Iran have biannual blood samples for assessment of serum HBSAg, HBS Abs, and HCV Abs. The data are collected in the Ministry of Health. For statistical analysis, prevalence, and incidence were calculated. There is an increasing prevalence/incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in Iran, from 238/49.9 pmp in 2000 to 357/63.8 pmp in 2006. The prevalence of positive HBSAg and HCV Abs decreased from 3.8% and 14.4% in 1999 to 2.6% and 4.5% in 2006, respectively. Regarding the genotype distribution in Iran, no one was found with genotype 2. On the subject of decreasing HBV infection, our next strategy should be mandatory vaccination in dialysis centers and in the pre-ESRD period. Concerning HCV infection prevention, 2 approaches may be recommended: the first is decrease of duration of the hemodialysis period by possible early transplantation of suitable patients. The next is a strictly enforced isolation policy for HCV-positive patients, which may play a role in limiting HCV transmission in HD units, and universal precaution in dialysis units should be under constant close surveillance.     

博物馆体验研究的国内现状及趋势分析

目的 对国内外博物馆体验研究的文献进行计量可视化分析,以便客观真实地了解现阶段博物馆体验研究的重点和动态。方法 运用Citespace可视化分析工具对CNKI核心数据库中2000—2022年博物馆体验及Web of Science数据库中核心合集期刊进行量化分析和质化论述,内容包括发文时间、关键词聚类、发文刊物分布、国内外研究侧重点论述、研究共性及差异解读。结论 检索范围内国内外博物馆体验研究发文数量呈快速上升趋势,中文发文刊物主要分布在艺术设计领域,国外发文刊物集中在博物馆学研究领域;国内外研究热点都涉及新媒体技术、文化旅游发展、观众研究方面,但国内主要围绕新媒体技术在展示设计中的应用、观众体验的跟踪调查研究和文旅融合下的游客研究,国外研究主要侧重于数字媒体技术对博物馆休闲娱乐氛围的营造、博物馆中的集体学习体验、文化旅游中博物馆的真实性表达。     

Distribution of extractable fractions of heavy metals in sludge during the wastewater treatment process

Sludge samples were collected from different treatment steps of Gaobeidian wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of Beijing City, PR China, to investigate the distributions of total and chemical fractions of Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, and Mo in different sludges. The highest total concentrations were found for Fe, Mn, Pb, and Mo in digested sludge (DS), Ni and Cr in thickened sludge (TS), Zn in dewatering sludge (DWS), and Cu in active sludge (AS). The lowest concentrations were observed in AS, except for Cu in TS. Significant differences of total metal concentration were observed between AS and TS (or DS), suggesting that sludge thickening and digesting treatments significantly influenced the total metal concentrations. Fe, Cu, Ni, Cr, Mo, and Pb distributed principally in the residual fraction in all sludges, while Zn and Mn presented in a highly available fraction. For same metal in different sludges, the portion of easily mobile fraction decreased significantly along the wastewater treatment process, and metals in AS presented in the highest available fraction. Organic matter contents, TN, and TP of sludges exhibited a significant positive correlation with the concentrations of exchangeable and reducible fraction of Pb, Mo, Cr, Cu, and Fe, while sludge pH demonstrated significant negative correlations with the concentrations of these metals.     

Distribution of heavy metals in Lakes Doirani and Kerkini, Northern Greece

The distribution of heavy metals in two lakes of high ecological significance, Doirani and Kerkini, located in Northern Greece was studied. Eight metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) were determined in water, total suspended solids, fine and coarse sediments. Moreover, the modified BCR fractionation scheme was employed in sediments and suspended solids to determine soluble, oxidisable, reducible and residual fractions of metals. The Lake Doirani presents higher metal concentrations in aqueous phase than Lake Kerkini; Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn are above the chronic freshwater quality criteria for aquatic life. In both lakes, Fe and Mn are the most abundant elements in total suspended solids whereas Cd the less abundant. The Lake Kerkini exhibits higher concentrations of all the examined metals in sediments comparing to the Lake Doirani, however the concentrations are lower than the sediment quality guidelines. Cd in sediments is mainly in soluble fraction, Pb and Cu exhibit significant oxidisable fractions whereas, Cr and Fe associated mainly with residual fraction.     

Chirality and Chiroptical Effects in Plasmonic Nanostructures: Fundamentals,Recent Progress,and Outlook

Strong chiroptical effects recently reported result from the interaction of light with chiral plasmonic nanostructures. Such nanostructures can be used to enhance the chiroptical response of chiral molecules and could also significantly increase the enantiomeric excess of direct asymmetric synthesis and catalysis. Moreover, in optical metamaterials, chirality leads to negative refractive index and all the promising applications thereof. In this Progress Report, we highlight four different strategies which have been used to achieve giant chiroptical effects in chiral nanostructures. These strategies consecutively highlight the importance of chirality in the nanostructures (for linear and nonlinear chiroptical effects), in the experimental setup and in the light itself. Because, in the future, manipulating chirality will play an important role, we present two examples of chiral switches. Whereas in the first one, switching the chirality of incoming light causes a reversal of the handedness in the nanostructures, in the second one, switching the handedness of the nanostructures causes a reversal in the chirality of outgoing light.     

基于模糊综合评价的成都地区高校校园公共设施设计研究

目的 高校校园公共设施是影响校园形象,师生学习、工作和生活的非常重要的因素,为了能设计出更加适合成都地区高校师生使用的校园公共设施,由此展开研究。方法 基于环境心理学理论的应用,采用模糊综合评价方法,通过查阅文献资料、开展实地调研和调查问卷等手段,对成都地区内4所主要高校校园公共空间中的公共设施进行调研,发掘公共设施特色认知度与公共使用满意度以及设施使用率,分析归纳出休息设施、照明设施、指示牌、垃圾桶4种目前成都地区高校校园主要的公共设施,由评价因素和评价集确认权重,并对数据进行模糊统计分析。结论 得到目前比较准确的成都地区高校校园公共设施满意度评价,最后归纳出成都地区高校校园公共设施设计的建议和方法,以期对未来校园公共设施设计起到一定的帮助。     

地下工程新技术的实践

广蓄电站高压岔管的P.D值达5.8×10４kN·m，未采用常规的钢岔管，在钢筋混凝土岔管设计原则上，主要依靠围岩承担水压力。施工中从控制爆破、混凝土质量、高压灌浆等方面实现设计意图。这种结构安全可靠，投资省，效益好。广蓄斜井引进了一套间断式的斜井滑模，经改进和完善，获得了成功。在天荒坪抽水蓄能电站长斜井施工中，研制了自主知识产权的XHM-7型斜井滑模设备，实现了斜井混凝土衬砌的连续滑升，显示了该设备结构新颖、安全可靠、速度快、造价低的优势。以上两项新技术的成功实践，为我国类似工程的推广和应用提供了有益的经验。