红外耳温计实验室误差的不确定度评定

本文对红外耳温计实验室误差的不确定度进行了分析,对相关的测量模型、标准不确定度、扩展不确定度等进行了阐述.     

红外耳温计的校准

建立了红外耳温计校准装置,在30～50℃范围内黑体辐射源温度的扩展不确定度为38mK (k=2).对影响红外耳温计校准结果的主要因素开展实验研究,提出红外耳温计校准实验条件.     

红外耳温计两种计量技术法规的区别

本文比较了JJF 1107-2003《测量人体温度的红外温度计校准规范》与JJG 1164-2019《红外耳温计检定规程》两种计量技术规范计量红外耳温计的具体区别,为相关从业者带来参考.     

检定红外耳温计测得值不确定度评定

根据JJG 1164-2019《红外耳温计检定规程》,确定红外耳温计检定结果的测量模型,分析探寻可能影响不确定度的因素;通过对标准器示值、温场、红外耳温计示值、发射率修正及数据修约等多方面的数据分析,对检定红外耳温计的测得值不确定度进行分析.     

新型空腔式黑体辐射源设计及不确定度评定

为促进恒温槽内空腔黑体与载热工质之间的热交换,提出了一种附加被动扰流装置的黑体空腔辐射源的设计方法.通过新设计的空腔外壁微扰动结构,对载热工质施加干扰,使流体热边界层破坏并再生,利用热边界层初段传热强度高的原理强化传热.此设计既可以提高换热系数,又可以增加换热面积,减少空腔与载热工质达到热平衡所需的时间.对新型的耳温计...     

测量人体温度的额温计温度测量结果的不确定度评定

本文详细介绍了测量人体温度的额温计温度测量结果的不确定度评定方法。     

参考黑体辐射源校准方法和不确定度评定

依据现行的黑体辐射源校准规范,采用比较法对参考黑体辐射源进行校准,以某所黑体辐射源标准装置为例,介绍了校准原理,装置的组成以及相关性能分析,最后依据该装置对参考黑体辐射源进行不确定度的评定。     

便携式黑体计量炉的设计和研究

本文设计了一款基于半导体片加热制冷的便携式黑体计量炉,温度范围为(-20^+150)℃,采用微型水冷散热系统,迅速带走半导体片背面热量,从而达到升温速率优于13℃/min,降温速率优于18℃/min。对黑体计量炉的设计原理和三个关键技术及相应的解决方法进行了阐述。最后,通过对样机测试,证明其控温精度,温度均匀性和稳定性符合技术指标,并对研究的成果做了总结。     

Experience in evaluating the data of inter-laboratory comparisons for calibration and verification laboratories

Results are presented for approval and comparative analysis of the suggested algorithms and criteria for actual experimental data of inter-laboratory comparisons performed in calibration and verification laboratories of the Belorussian Republic. __________ Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 6. pp. 15–21, June, 2007. The article was written for presentation at the fourth international seminar “Mathematical, statistical, and computer support for the quality of measurements.” (see Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, Nos. 2–5, 2007).     

A change point method for linear profile data

We propose a change point approach based on the segmented regression technique for testing the constancy of the regression parameters in a linear profile data set. Each sample collected over time in the historical data set consists of several bivariate observations for which a simple linear regression model is appropriate. The change point approach is based on the likelihood ratio test for a change in one or more regression parameters. We compare the performance of this method to that of the most effective Phase I linear profile control chart approaches using a simulation study. The advantages of the change point method over the existing methods are greatly improved detection of sustained step changes in the process parameters and improved diagnostic tools to determine the sources of profile variation and the location(s) of the change point(s). Also, we give an approximation for appropriate thresholds for the test statistic. The use of the change point method is demonstrated using a data set from a calibration application at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Langley Research Center. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

数据采集系统输入电阻的不确定度分析与评定

针对输入电阻的测量误差常常偏大的问题,分析了物理机理和实际原因。讨论了影响输入电阻测量不确定度的几个主要因素,包括标准电压、测量电压、标准电阻取值及误差的影响等,给出了降低输入电阻测量不确定度的主要措施,即标准电阻与输入电阻的量值越接近越好,两者应处于同一数量级,并且两个不同的激励电压差异应该尽量大。通过实例给出了输入电阻测量不确定度的评价结果,表明了该过程的正确性和切实可行性。     

A modified procedure of the reciprocity method for calibrating hydrophones in a free field

A modified measurement procedure which enables the effect of interference distortion on the results of the calibration of a hydrophone in a free field to be reduced is considered. It includes a measurement of the transfer impedance for different distances between the radiator and the receiver, a determination of the coordinates of the sources of the scattered waves, and an estimation of the reduced transfer impedances of the radiators and receivers in an unperturbed field. __________ Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 12, pp. 48–52, December, 2007.     

时间频率远程校准的数据分析与算法设计

依据国家计量技术规范JJF1206-2008《频率标准与数字时钟的远程校准规范》的要求,并在上海计量测试技术研究院时间频率科室现有硬件基础上,通过校准软件程序的数据分析与算法设计等方法,实现对频率源的远程校准.系统建立了比对结果数据库,并对技术规范中的两种算法进行了比较,最后给出校准结果,经验证比对,远程校准数据可靠.     

A simple engineering calibration for platinum resistance thermometers in the temperature range 4.2 K - 273 K

We describe how a simple two-point calibration of a platinum resistance thermometer can be used to deduce the resistance-temperature relationship in the range 4.2 K ? T ? 273 K. This relationship is established by comparing the unknown thermometer to two carefully calibrated platinum resistance thermometers. This technique produces an accuracy of (0.1 – 0.3) K. This accuracy should be adequate for many engineering applications.     

比较法校准氦真空参考漏孔漏率及合成不确定度评定

直接比对法是氦质谱检漏仪在稳定工作和引入气体相同条件下,将参考漏孔流出的氦气和标准漏孔提供的已知流量的氦气分别引入校准室中,用氦质谱检漏仪分别测量氦气产生的离子流,通过比较两次离子流的测量值计算出参考漏孔漏率的一种校准方法。这种校准范围为1×10-7Pa.m3/s~1×10-10Pa.m3/s。对同一参考漏孔,采用同样的校准测量,可以采用高斯分布统计的方法获得校准不确定度,其他不确定度分量由氦质谱检漏仪组成的校准装置决定,其合成相对不确定度可达到10%。     

入腔法校准辐射热流计入腔位置的确定

介绍了辐射热流计的校准方法,并详细说明了入腔法校准辐射热流计的装置和原理。校准是在黑体腔直径50 mm的钠管炉和高温黑体辐射源上进行的。所采用的热流计为水冷圆箔式热流计。建立了等效腔体模型用以计算有效发射率。理论计算和试验结果均表明入腔最佳位置在热流计距黑体腔底面1倍黑体腔直径处。