南京地区汉族人群TRAIL基因多态性与前列腺癌的易感性研究

目的:探讨南京地区汉族人群中肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体(TRAIL)基因多态性与前列腺癌(PCa)易感性的关系。方法:采用病例对照研究,提取187例PCa患者和237例非PCa健康人(对照组)外周血基因组DNA,应用聚合酶链反应-连接酶特异检测技术(PCR-LDR)分析186例PCa患者和237例对照组TRAIL基因-716位点的多态性,比较不同基因型与PCa易感性的关系。结果:TRAIL基因启动子区存在一个SNP位点(-716A/G),基因型分别为AA型、AG型和GG型;Logistic回归分析显示,携带AG、GG和AG+GG基因型的个体与PCa发病风险之间无明显相关性(OR=0.89,95%CI=0.54～1.47;OR=0.94,95%CI=0.69～1.27;OR=0.87,95%CI=0.54～1.41)。结论:中国南京地区汉族人群中TRAIL基因-716位点基因多态性对PCa易感性无明显影响。     

CYP1A1与GSTM1基因多态性与前列腺癌易感性的关系

目的　探讨CYP1A1、GSTM1基因多态性与前列腺癌遗传易感性的关系。　方法　采用寡核苷酸芯片对 83例前列腺癌患者和 115例正常对照的中国汉族人群基因组DNA进行CYP1A1、GSTM1基因多态性分析。　结果　GSTM1基因缺失型前列腺癌组占 5 7.8% ,对照组 4 1.7% ,差异有显著性意义 ( χ2 =4 .99,P =0 .0 2 5 ) ,GSTM1null基因型使患前列腺癌的危险度增加 1.9倍 ( 95 %CI=1.10～ 1.34)。GSTM1基因缺失型前列腺癌患者的平均年龄 [( 6 8.1± 8.3)岁 ]低于GSTM1未缺失的患者[( 71.9± 7.4 )岁 ,P =0 .0 31]。前列腺癌组CYP1A1基因的两个多态位点m1、m2基因型频率和等位基因的频率与对照组相比差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。　结论　中国汉族人群GSTM1基因多态性与前列腺癌的发生相关 ,可能是增加前列腺癌危险和发病年龄早的因素之一。CYP1A1基因m1和m2的基因多态与中国汉族人群前列腺癌的发生无相关性     

巨噬细胞清道夫受体单核苷酸多态性与前列腺癌易感及患者预后的相关性分析

目的探讨分析巨噬细胞清道夫受体(MSR1)单核苷酸多态性与前列腺癌易感及患者治疗预后的相关性。方法选择2017年3月至2019年5月在本院治疗的前列腺癌患者103例设为前列腺癌组,再选取同期在本院健康体检的男性受试者97例设为对照组。检测两组受试者MSRI基因r918位点及rs1904577位点的基因多态性分布情况,并分析前列腺癌化疗相关因素及MSRI基因rs918.rs1904577位点与前列腺癌患者生存预后的关系。结果两组受试者MISRI基因rs918位点基因型GG、AG.AA比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),携带AG、AA基因型者相对于携带GG基因型者罹患前列腺癌的OR值分别为1.364.7.941;两组受试者MSRI基因rs1904577位点基因型GG,AG.AA比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),携带AG、AA基因型者相对于携带GG基因型者罹患前列腺癌的OR值分别为1.819.8.228。对可能影响患者化疗疗效的各因素进行单因素及多因素logstie回归分析,其中T分期.CGleason评分以及MSRI基因rs1904577位点基因型进人回归模型(P<0.05),是影响患者化疗疗效的重要因素。MSR1基因rs918位点CG以及AG+AA基因型前列腺癌患者生存情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。MSRI基因rs1904577位点GG基因型前列腺癌患者生存情况显著优于AG+AA基因型患者(P<0.05)。结论MSR1基因ns918位点和rs1904577位点单核苷酸多态性与前列腺癌易感性相关,其中rs1904577位点单核苷酸多态性与患者化疗的疗效及生存预后有关。     

前列腺癌易感性与丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶4基因多态性的关系

目的 探讨苏皖地区汉族人群中丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶4(MKK4)基因多态性与前列腺癌(PCa)易感性的关系.方法 采用病例对照研究,提取174例PCa患者和252例健康人(对照组)外周血基因组DNA,应用聚合酶链反应-连接酶特异检测技术(PCR-LDR)分析PCa患者和对照组MKK4基因-1304位点的多态性,比较不同基因型与PCa易感性的关系,并探讨吸烟、饮酒等因素在其中的影响.结果 MKK4基因启动子区存在1个SNP位点(- 1304 T＞G),基因型分别为TT型、TG型和GG型;Logistic回归分析显示,携带TG、GG和TG+GG基因型的个体与PCa发病风险之间无明显相关性[比值比(OR)=0.775,95％可信区间(CI) =0.516～1.164;OR =0.650,95％CI =0.216～1.956;OR =0.763,95％ CI =0.514～1.135].在高龄(＞70岁)和非饮酒人群中,TG+GG基因型的个体发病率明显减少,调整后的OR(95％ CI)分别为0.575(0.348 ～ 0.951)、0.477(0.252 ～0.906).结论 苏皖地区汉族人群中MKK4基因-1304位点基因多态性对PCa易感性无明显影响.     

生物转化酶基因多态性与前列腺癌易感性的研究

目的 探讨生物转化酶类细胞色素P450（CYP）基因CYP1A1m1、m2和谷胱甘肽转硫酶（GST）M1基因多态性与前列腺癌易感性的关系。方法 采用寡核苷酸芯片对83例前列腺癌患者（前列腺癌组）和115例非前列腺癌对照者（对照组）的中国汉族人基因组DNA进行CYP1A1、GSTM1基因多态性分析。结果 GSTM1缺失型在前列腺癌组和对照组均为48例（57．8％,41．7％）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（X^2=4．99,P=0．025）,GSTMl缺失型使患前列腺癌的危险度增加1．9倍（95％CI=1．10～3．40）。GSTM1缺失型随着前列腺癌的分期、分级的提高,其相对危险度明显提高。前列腺癌组CYP1A1基因的两个多态位点m1、m2基因型频率和等位基因的频率与对照组相比均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论 中国汉族人群GSTM1缺失型可能与前列腺癌的发病风险相关,与前列腺癌的分级、分期有关,对临床预测前列腺癌预后可能有一定意义。     

北方汉族人群维生素D受体基因BsmⅠ位点多态性与前列腺癌易感性的相关性分析

目的 :研究低发病的中国汉族人群维生素D受体基因 (VDRG)BsmⅠ 位点单核苷酸多态性 (SNP)与前列腺癌的关系 ,探讨不同种族前列腺癌发病的基因差异。　方法 :收集中国北方地区汉族人群 10 3例前列腺癌病人及10 6例健康对照者外周血标本 ,应用变性高效液相色谱 (DHPLC)检测VDRG第 8内含子BsmⅠ多态位点 ,并对该位点SNP分布进行分析。　结果 :BsmⅠ 多态位点bb、Bb、BB基因型和等位基因在北方地区汉族前列腺癌病人及对照者中的分布频率差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,基因型分布频率分别为 92 .2 3%、7.77%、0和 94.34 %、5 .6 6 %、0 ;等位基因B、b分别为 3.88%、96 .12 %和 2 .91%、97.0 9%,而与高发病人群的分布相比有显著不同。　结论 :VDRGBsmⅠ多态性在低发病的中国汉族人群与前列腺癌无相关 ,其分布与高发病人群有明显差异 ,提示VDRGBsmⅠ多态性可能是前列腺癌发病种族差异的原因之一。     

北方汉族人群维生素D受体基因Bsm I位点多态性与前列腺癌易感性的相关性分析

目的 :研究低发病的中国汉族人群维生素D受体基因 (VDRG)BsmⅠ 位点单核苷酸多态性 (SNP)与前列腺癌的关系 ,探讨不同种族前列腺癌发病的基因差异。　方法 :收集中国北方地区汉族人群 10 3例前列腺癌病人及10 6例健康对照者外周血标本 ,应用变性高效液相色谱 (DHPLC)检测VDRG第 8内含子BsmⅠ多态位点 ,并对该位点SNP分布进行分析。　结果 :BsmⅠ 多态位点bb、Bb、BB基因型和等位基因在北方地区汉族前列腺癌病人及对照者中的分布频率差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,基因型分布频率分别为 92 .2 3%、7.77%、0和 94.34 %、5 .6 6 %、0 ;等位基因B、b分别为 3.88%、96 .12 %和 2 .91%、97.0 9%,而与高发病人群的分布相比有显著不同。　结论 :VDRGBsmⅠ多态性在低发病的中国汉族人群与前列腺癌无相关 ,其分布与高发病人群有明显差异 ,提示VDRGBsmⅠ多态性可能是前列腺癌发病种族差异的原因之一。     

8q24 rs1447295基因多态性与不同族群前列腺癌易感性的Meta分析

目的通过Meta分析系统评价8q24染色体rs1447295基因多态性与不同族群前列腺癌(prostate cancer,PCa)患病风险的相关性。方法检索万方、中国知网、PubMed、Science Direct、Web of Science、Wiley Online Library和中国生物医学文献数据库中涉及8q24 rs1447295基因多态性和PCa易感性的病例-对照研究。2位独立研究者按标准筛选文献,运用Cochrane工具及Stata 15.0软件行Meta分析,计算OR值、95%CI并进行偏倚风险评价。结果最终纳入相关文献36篇,涉及研究41项,包含25715例PCa患者和27018例健康对照者。结果显示,在5类基因模型中,等位基因模型、显性遗传模型、隐性遗传模型、纯合子遗传模型与杂合子基因模型显示8q24 rs1447295基因多态性均与PCa易感性之间存在显著相关性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。进一步亚组分析显示,在高加索人种和亚洲人种中,8q24 rs1447295基因多态性与PCa易感性相关,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),在非裔和拉美裔群体中未显示有统计学关联。结论8q24染色体rs1447295基因多态性与PCa患病风险有关,该相关性在高加索人种和亚洲人种中较为显著,在非裔和拉美裔群体关联性无显著差异。     

CYP1A2基因多态性与前列腺癌的相关性研究

目的:评价CYP1A2基因单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)与前列腺癌分期分级的相关性。方法:对253例良性前列腺增生(BPH)患者与206例去势前列腺癌患者CYP1A2基因中rs2069514-3859(A>G)位点及rs2069525-1707(C>T)位点进行基因测序,并对各基因表型与前列腺癌的分期分级相关性进行统计学分析。结果:BPH及去势前列腺癌患者的两种CYP1A2单核苷酸多态性的发生率无明显差异(P>0.05),其基因多态性与前列腺癌的病理分期均无相关性(P>0.05);但rs2069525-1707(C>T)中含C等位基因型的前列腺癌Gleason评分多在7分以下(P=0.030,OR=4.658,95%CI:1.222～17.754)。结论:CYP1A2基因的SNPs与前列腺癌的病理分级之间可能有一定的相关性,但其发生机制及临床意义有待进一步证实及研究。     

苏、皖地区汉族人群DNA修复基因XRCC1 Arg399Gln多态性与前列腺癌易感性的关系

目的:研究中国苏、皖汉族人群DNA修复基因X线修复交叉互补基因1(X-ray repair cross complementing group 1,XRCC1)Arg399Gln多态性,并探讨其在吸烟、饮酒与前列腺癌易感性关系中的影响。方法:采用病例-对照研究,提取207例前列腺癌患者(病例组)和235例非肿瘤、非前列腺疾病患者(对照组)外周血中基因组DNA,应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)分析病例组和对照组的XRCC1基因Arg399Gln位点的多态性,比较不同基因型与前列腺癌易感性的关系,并探讨吸烟、饮酒等因素在其中的影响。结果:XRCC1第399密码子Arg/Gln基因型的个体其前列腺癌发病风险是Arg/Arg基因型的1.55倍(OR=1.55,95%CI:1.01~2.39),携带399Gln等位基因(Arg/Gln及Gln/Gln)的个体发生前列腺癌的风险性是Arg/Arg基因型的1.61倍(OR=1.61,95%CI:1.07~2.44)。在重度吸烟(吸烟指数≥20)人群中,携带399Gln等位基因的个体发生前列腺癌的风险性是Arg/Arg基因型的1.94倍(OR=1.94,95%CI:1.02~3.71)。在浅吸烟(吸烟仅入嘴中)人群中,携带399Gln等位基因的个体发生前列腺癌的风险性是Arg/Arg基因型的2.44倍(OR=2.44,95%CI:1.02~5.80)。结论:XRCC1 Arg399Gln位点多态性可能对前列腺癌遗传易感性产生影响,Arg/Gln、Gln/Gln可能是前列腺癌的易感基因型,并和吸烟在前列腺癌的发病中有一定的协同作用。     

PDLIM5、SLC22A3和NKX3-1基因与前列腺癌患病风险的关联性研究

目的:探索PDLIM5基因(rs17021918,T)、SLC22A3基因(rs9364554,C)和NKX3-1基因(rs1512268,A)与中国人群前列腺癌(PCa)患病风险的关联。方法:采用病例-对照研究,包括124例PCa患者和138例正常对照者,对PDLIM5基因(rs17021918,T)﹑SLC22A3基因(rs9364554,C)和NKX3-1基因(rs1512268,A)进行两组间的等位基因及基因型差异分析,探讨各基因与患者的BMI、Gleason评分、PSA浓度、肿瘤分期、年龄等临床表型之间的关联。采用MDR方法进行基因-基因交互作用分析。结果:①PDLIM5﹑SLC22A3和NKX3-1基因的风险等位基因和基因型的频率在病例组和对照间组间的分布无显著性差异(P>0.05)。②3个位点与PCa的发病年龄、Gleason评分、PSA浓度以及病理分期等指标均无显著相关性(P>0.05)。③采用MDR方法分析PDLIM5基因、SLC22A3基因和NKX3-1基因的3个多态性位点的交互作用发现PDLIM5基因和NKX3-1基因之间,可能不存在有基因-基因交互作用,树状图分析说明PDLIM5基因与NKX3-1基因可能有协同作用。结论:PDLIM5、SLC22A3和NKX3-1基因可能与中国人群PCa患病风险无关联。而PDLIM5基因和NKX3-1基因之间对PCa患病风险的影响可能有协同作用。     

Chromosome 8q24 risk variants in hereditary and non-hereditary prostate cancer patients

BACKGROUND: Multiple variants in three regions at 8q24 are consistently found to be associated with prostate cancer (PCa) risk in population-based association studies. The role that these variants may play in familial prostate cancer risk has not been extensively investigated. METHODS: We evaluated 12 SNPs at three 8q24 regions using population-based association and family-based linkage and association methods in hereditary PCa (HPC) probands and their families, non-HPC patients, and unaffected screened controls, all recruited at Johns Hopkins Hospital. RESULTS: For multiple variants in Region 1 (e.g., rs1447295) and Region 2 (e.g., rs16901979), we found statistically significantly higher frequencies of previously identified risk alleles and genotypes in HPC probands than in unaffected controls. Furthermore, in Region 2 the risk alleles were statistically significantly more frequent in HPC probands than in non-HPC patients. Family-based transmission tests found risk alleles of SNPs in Region 2, but not in Regions 1 and 3, were significantly over-transmitted to affected men in these families. We found little evidence supporting PCa linkage at 8q24 in 168 HPC families, in part explained by the observation of multiple, different risk allele-containing haplotypes segregating in the vast majority of these families. CONCLUSIONS: Our study further supports the presence of PCa susceptibility loci at 8q24, particular at Region 2, and also provides evidence that these SNPs play an important role in familial prostate cancer. Large family-based studies are needed to confirm our novel findings.     

Asociación entre los polimorfismos de genes de mieloperoxidasa y la susceptibilidad a cáncer de próstata: un estudio caso-control en la población de nacionalidad china

Background and objectivesProstate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer among men in most western populations. The polymorphisms of the myeloperoxidase (MPO) gene have been correlated with abnormal MPO expression and increased risk of various types of cancers. Our study aimed to evaluate the association between the genetic polymorphisms and the risk of prostate cancer.MethodsGenotyping was carried out by using the genotyping system (MassARRAY iPLEX; Sequenom, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) on 1,108 PCa patients and 1,525 cancer-free controls in a Chinese Han population.ResultsAlthough one SNP (rs8082134, P < 0.050) was significant, it is very rare and unstable. Other SNPs had no significant difference between genotype distributions in the PCa patients and the control group. Totally, SNPs in the MPO gene is not associated with PCa risk.ConclusionOur data showed a limited association between the MPO SNPs and the susceptibility to PCa in population of Chinese Han population. The possible association of rs8082134 of MPO with PCa risk need further clarification.     

Genetic polymorphisms in HIF1A are associated with prostate cancer risk in a Chinese population

The hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays an important role in regulating angiogenesis, which is essential for tumor growth and metastasis. Genetic variations of HIF1A (coding HIF-1α) have been shown to influence an individual''s susceptibility to many human tumors; however, evidence on associations between HIF1A single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and prostate cancer (PCa) risk is conflicting. We genotyped three potentially functional polymorphisms in HIF1A (rs11549465, rs11549467 and rs2057482) using the TaqMan method and assessed their associations with PCa risk in a case–control study of 662 PCa patients and 716 controls in a Chinese Han population. Compared with rs11549467 GG genotype, the variant genotypes GA+AA had a significantly increased PCa risk (adjusted odds ratio (OR)=1.70; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.06–2.72), particularly among older patients (OR=2.01; 95%CI=1.05–3.86), smokers (OR=2.06; 95%CI=1.07–3.99), never drinkers (OR=2.16; 95%CI=1.20–3.86) and patients without a family history of cancer (OR=1.71; 95%CI=1.02–2.89). Furthermore, patients with rs11549467 variant genotypes were associated with a higher Gleason score (OR=2.14; 95%CI=1.22–3.75). No altered PCa risk was associated with the rs11549465 and rs2057482 polymorphism. However, the combined variant genotypes of rs2057482 and rs11549467 were associated with increased PCa risk (OR=2.10; 95%CI=1.23–3.57 among subjects carrying three or more risk alleles). These results suggest that HIF1A polymorphisms may impact PCa susceptibility and progression in the Chinese Han population.     

整合素α6、β-微精浆蛋白基因和染色体8q24区与前列腺癌的关联研究

目的 探讨整合素α6(ITGA6)基因(rs12621278,G)、染色体8q24区(rs10086908,T)和β-微精浆蛋白(MSMB)基因(rs10993994,T)与北京市居民中前列腺癌(PCa)的关联,了解PCa患者基因型和表型的关系.方法 收集112例PCa患者临床、遗传、膳食习惯、嗜好等表型,对PCa患者和91名正常对照者的ITGA6基因(rs12621278,G)、染色体8q24区(rs10086908,T)和MSMB基因(rs10993994,T)进行比较,并进行病例组的基因型-表型分析.结果 2组间相比,MSMB基因rs10993994,T风险等位基因频率差异有统计学意义(病例组56.4%,对照组46.2%;P=0.001,OR=1.97,95%CI为1.28～3.04).8q24区的rs10086908,T(病例组83.5%,对照组79.2%)和ITGA6基因的rs12621278,G(病例组27.2%,对照组27.0%)组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).数量性状分析发现ITGA6风险基因型(G/G)的患者病程为(1.40±0.55)年,显著短于A/G型的(4.38±3.10)年和A/A型的(2.37±1.84)年(P=0.003).结论 MSMB基因变异和PCa易感性之间存在相关性,提示MSMB基因可能与PCa有关联.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the correlation between ITGA6 gene (rs12621278, G), MSMB gene (rs10993994, T), chromosome 8q24 (rs10086908, T) and prostate cancer (PCa) in Beijing residents, and to explore the correlation between genotype and phenotype in PCa patients. Methods PCa patient phenotypes were collected including clinical, genetic, dietary habits, hobbies and blood samples. ITGA6 gene (rs12621278, G), chromosome 8q24 (rs10086908, T) and MSMB gene (rs10993994, T) compared the allele distribution between 112 PCa and 91 healthy control age matched patients. The genotype and phenotype analysis was conducted in the 2 groups. Results Between the case and control groups, only rs10993994, T of MSMB gene (case 56.4%,control 46.2%) was significantly different (P=0.001; OR=1.97, 95%CI:1.28-3.04). The rs10086908, T of 8q24 (case 83.5%, control 79.2%) and rs12621278, G of ITGA6 gene (case 27.2%, control 27.0%) were not significantly associated with PCa in the study sample (P>0.05). Quantitative trait analysis showed that the disease duration of ITGA6 risk genotypes (G/G,1.40±0.55 years) in PCa patients was significantly shorter (P=0.003) than the other genotype carriers (A/G, 4.38±3.10 years; A/A, 2.37±1.84 years). Conclusion The genetic variation in MSMB is possibly associated with PCa susceptibility, suggesting that MSMB genes might be associated with PCa in a Chinese population.     

Prostate Cancer (PCa) Risk Variants and Risk of Fatal PCa in the National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium

Background

Screening and diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) is hampered by an inability to predict who has the potential to develop fatal disease and who has indolent cancer. Studies have identified multiple genetic risk loci for PCa incidence, but it is unknown whether they could be used as biomarkers for PCa-specific mortality (PCSM).

Objective

To examine the association of 47 established PCa risk single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with PCSM.

Design, setting, and participants

We included 10 487 men who had PCa and 11 024 controls, with a median follow-up of 8.3 yr, during which 1053 PCa deaths occurred.

Outcome measurements and statistical analysis

The main outcome was PCSM. The risk allele was defined as the allele associated with an increased risk for PCa in the literature. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to calculate the hazard ratios of each SNP with time to progression to PCSM after diagnosis. We also used logistic regression to calculate odds ratios for each risk SNP, comparing fatal PCa cases to controls.

Results and limitations

Among the cases, we found that 8 of the 47 SNPs were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with time to PCSM. The risk allele of rs11672691 (intergenic) was associated with an increased risk for PCSM, while 7 SNPs had risk alleles inversely associated (rs13385191 [C2orf43], rs17021918 [PDLIM5], rs10486567 [JAZF1], rs6465657 [LMTK2], rs7127900 (intergenic), rs2735839 [KLK3], rs10993994 [MSMB], rs13385191 [C2orf43]). In the case-control analysis, 22 SNPs were associated (p < 0.05) with the risk of fatal PCa, but most did not differentiate between fatal and nonfatal PCa. Rs11672691 and rs10993994 were associated with both fatal and nonfatal PCa, while rs6465657, rs7127900, rs2735839, and rs13385191 were associated with nonfatal PCa only.

Conclusions

Eight established risk loci were associated with progression to PCSM after diagnosis. Twenty-two SNPs were associated with fatal PCa incidence, but most did not differentiate between fatal and nonfatal PCa. The relatively small magnitudes of the associations do not translate well into risk prediction, but these findings merit further follow-up, because they may yield important clues about the complex biology of fatal PCa.

Patient summary

In this report, we assessed whether established PCa risk variants could predict PCSM. We found eight risk variants associated with PCSM: One predicted an increased risk of PCSM, while seven were associated with decreased risk. Larger studies that focus on fatal PCa are needed to identify more markers that could aid prediction.     

3号染色体两单核苷酸多态性与中国前列腺癌风险的相关性研究

目的:探讨3号染色体常见单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与中国前列腺癌(PCa)发病风险的关系,并探讨其与临床相关危险因素的关系。方法:采用病例对照设计方法,选取124例PCa患者以及年龄、性别匹配的111例正常对照人群作为研究对象,使用聚合酶链反应-高分辨熔解曲线(PCR-HRM)技术结合测序验证法检测SNPrs10934853和rs2660753基因型与等位基因分布情况,分析两位点危险基因型的累积效应,并探讨其不同基因型与PCa患者临床相关危险因素间是否存在相关性。结果:①rs10934853的基因型AA、CC、AC在PCa组中分别有28例(22.8%)、46例(37.4%)、49例(39.8%),在正常对照组中分别有24例(22.0%)、34例(31.2%)、51例(46.8%);rs2660753的基因型AA、GG、AG在PCa组中分别有13例(11.0%)、59例(50.0%)、46例(39.0%),在正常对照组中分别有9例(8.8%)、47例(45.6%)、47例(45.6%),2个SNP的基因型频率与等位基因频率在2组间的分布均无显著性差异(P值分别为0.520、0.582)。②SNP rs10934853和rs2660753两独立变异危险基因型累积效应分析发现:与野生型组相比较,含有危险基因型的两组PCa的发病风险略有增加(OR值分别为1.831、1.968),但组间差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。③SNP rs10934853和rs2660753的不同基因型与PCa患者不同临床相关危险因素间均无显著相关性(P>0.05)。结论:SNP rs10934853和rs2660753与中国PCa的发生无明显相关性,可能与中国PCa的发病风险无关。     

A genome-wide association screen identifies regions on chromosomes 1q25 and 7p21 as risk loci for sporadic prostate cancer

We conducted a genome-wide association study of 3090 sporadic prostate cancer patients and controls using the Affymetrix 10 000 SNP GeneChip. Initial screening of 40 prostate cancer cases and 40 non-cancer controls revealed 237 SNPs to be associated with prostate cancer (P<0.05). Among these SNPs, 33 were selected for further association analysis of 2069 men who had undergone a cancer-screening prostate biopsy. Results identified five loci as being significantly associated with increased prostate cancer risk in this larger sample (rs 1930293, OR=1.7, P=0.03; rs 717809-2p12, OR=1.3, P=0.03; rs 494770-4q34, OR=1.3, P=0.01; rs 2348763-7p21, OR=1.5, P=0.01; rs 1552895-9p22, OR=1.5, P=0.002). To validate these association data, 61 additional HapMap tagSNPs spanning the latter five loci were genotyped in this subject cohort and an additional 1021 men (total subject number=3090). This analysis revealed tag SNP rs 4568789 (chromosome 1q25) and tag SNP rs 13225697 (chromosome 7p21) to be significantly associated with prostate cancer (P-values 0.009 and 0.008, respectively). Haplotype analysis revealed significant associations of prostate cancer with two allele risk haplotypes on both chromosome 1q25 (adjusted OR of 2.7 for prostate cancer, P=0.0003) and chromosome 7p21 (adjusted OR of 1.3, P=0.0004). As linkage data have identified a putative prostate cancer gene on chromosome 1q25 (HPC1), and microarray data have revealed the ETV1 oncogene to be overexpressed in prostate cancer tissue, it appears that chromosome 1q25 and 7p21 may be sites of gene variants conferring risk for sporadic and inherited forms of prostate cancer.     

An intergenic region on chromosome 13q33.3 is associated with the susceptibility to kidney disease in type 1 and 2 diabetes

A genome-wide association scan of the Genetics of Kidneys in Diabetes (GoKinD) collections identified four novel susceptibility loci, located on chromosomes 7p14.3, 9q21.32, 11p15.4, and 13q33.3 associated with type 1 diabetic nephropathy. A recent evaluation of these loci in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes supported an association at the 13q33.3 locus. To follow up these findings, we determined whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at these same four loci were associated with diabetic nephropathy in the Joslin Study of Genetics of Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes collection. A total of 6 SNPs across these loci were genotyped in 646 normoalbuminuric controls and in 743 nephropathy patients of European ancestry. A significant association was identified at the 13q33.3 locus (rs9521445: P = 4.4 × 10(-3)). At this same locus, rs1411766 was also significantly associated with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (P = 0.03). Meta-analysis of these data with those of the Japanese and GoKinD collections significantly improved the strength of the association (P = 9.7 × 10(-9)). In addition, there was a significant association at the 11p15.4 locus (rs451041: P = 0.02). Thus, associations identified in the GoKinD collections on chromosomes 11p15.4 (near the CARS gene) and 13q33.3 (within an intergenic region between MYO16 and IRS2) are susceptibility loci of kidney disease common to both type 1 and 2 diabetes.