10 GHz超低抖动光短脉冲源

报道了一种新型的重复频率为10 GHz,脉宽为5.3 ps,抖动为184 fs的高稳定光短脉冲源.将大信号调制半导体激光器产生的10 GHz光脉冲,先送入LiNbO3电光相位调制器增强负啁啾,并使光谱进一步展宽,再通过色散补偿光纤(DCF)压缩脉冲啁啾,可得到光短脉冲.由于大信号调制激光器输出的光脉冲本身具有负啁啾,而通过相位调制器的光脉冲在不同的时间间隔内既有正啁啾也有负啁啾,通过适当调整进入相位调制器的光脉冲时延,使其通过相位调制器后累加产生更大的负啁啾,再利用正色散光纤压缩啁啾,从而得到低抖动且无基座的光短脉冲.     

用干涉自相关包络宽度测量超短激光脉冲啁啾

为了测量超短激光脉冲啁啾值,提出了一种用2次干涉自相关包络宽度测量啁啾值的简单方法。利用2次干涉自相关包络宽度对啁啾有很高的灵敏度、含有不同啁啾量的超短激光脉冲有不同的包络宽度的特性,通过对高斯型强度分布的线性、平方及立方啁啾的干涉自相关包络函数进行了理论分析,得到包络宽度与啁啾量值之间的对应关系。采用干涉自相关2次谐波检测系统对加浓染料激光器输出的含有啁啾的脉冲进行测量,其干涉自相关包络宽度为1.15,被测超短激光脉冲啁啾为1.0。结果表明,根据含有啁啾的干涉自相关曲线两翼的特征,可判断啁啾阶数,再根据包络宽度与啁啾值的对应关系,可估定啁啾量值;用干涉自相关包络宽度能容易地测量超短激光脉冲的啁啾量值。     

不对称干涉自相关测量超短激光脉冲啁啾方向

提出了测量超短激光脉冲混合啁啾方向的方法。这种方法是基于混合啁啾方向随干涉自相关(IAC)信号不对称性及超短激光脉冲光谱不对称性的变化而变化。据此,得到用(IAC)包络差值信号及超短激光脉冲光谱判断线性啁啾与平方啁啾的方向。采用IAC二次谐波检测系统对加浓染料激光器输出的脉冲进行了测量,获得了被测超短激光脉冲的线性啁啾值及平方啁啾值的正与负。从而实现了对超短激光脉冲混合啁啾方向的测量。     

基于再生锁模控制的激光器高次谐波研究

针对高次谐波稳定性差的问题,采用再生锁模控制的方法。首先分析锁模脉冲的形成机制,接着对光频率进行合成,经三波瞬态耦合波方程,最后得到高次谐波。在实验装置中得到均衡的脉冲图像且锁模脉冲平滑,获得高信噪比和高稳定性放大的信号光,因此增加光参量啁啾脉冲放大系统的灵活性,本文所采用的分析方法对其他光源的稳定设计也有借鉴作用。     

Generation of orthogonal UWB shaping pulses based on compressed chirp signal

This study investigates a novel method to numerically generate orthogonal ultrawide band (UWB) shaping pulses based on compressed chirp signal. First, a pulse template with less than 1 ns duration time, which is used to construct a Hermitian matrix, is produced with a compressed chirp pulse. Sub-nanosecond orthogonal pulses are then generated for UWB by using the Hermitian matrix eigenvectors. The simulation results show that the power spectral density distribution of the UWB shaping pulses met the constraint of Federal communications commissions (FCC) spectral mask. The shaping pulses not only have higher spectrum utilization ratio and very short time duration but also have excellent autocorrelation and cross-correlation properties, which is an advantage to reduce the interference between multiusers. Especially, a method to produce sub-nanosecond orthogonal UWB shaping pulses by using a relatively longer duration chirp signal is presented.     

Generation of over 140-nm-wide super-continuum from a normaldispersion fiber by using a mode-locked semiconductor laser source

The super-continuum (SC) spectrum flatly broadened over 140-nm 10-dB bandwidth is generated by using a mode-locked semiconductor laser as a pulse source at 1550 nm. In our SC generation system, nearly Fourier-transform limited 0.9-ps pulses obtained through linear and nonlinear pulse compression are incident on a dispersion-flattened fiber having a small normal group-velocity dispersion. While the pulses pass through the normal dispersion fiber, the pulse waveform is adapted to suit the accumulation of a linear chirp, which leads to the flat and wide-band SC spectrum     

Time-resolving wavelength chirp with Fabry-Perot etalons andgratings: a theoretical approach

Basic dynamic properties of Fabry-Perot (FP) etalons and gratings are investigated for a square-wave shaped input pulse with a linearly changing wavelength. It is shown that for the chirp rates present in distributed feedback (DFB) laser pulses a simultaneous good resolution in the wavelength and time domain is attainable with an etalon due to its small FWHM time-bandwidth product of 0.11. This is not possible with the grating, which has a time∞bandwidth product of 0.89. A simulation of time resolving the dynamic chirp of a DFB laser pulse is presented. The result is compared to the actually calculated incident wavelength variation. The dynamic aspects of FP etalons and gratings for time resolving the wavelength chirp in laser pulses are given     

Chirp and stability of mode-locked semiconductor lasers

A numerical study of mode-locked semiconductor lasers is presented with special attention to the chirp characteristics and to dispersion-related criteria for stable pulse-train emission. The dependence of the pulse chirp upon the refractive-index change, both with carrier density and carrier temperature changes, is discussed. The experimental observation of blue-chirped pulses for passive mode-locking in contrast to red-chirped pulses for active mode-locking is found to be due to the different contributions of gain and absorber media to the refractive-index change. In addition, it is revealed that the boundary of the stable operation regime is critically influenced by the spectral characteristics of laser and external cavity. Design considerations toward the achievement of high pulse energy, narrow spectral bandwidth, and linear chirp are given     

Demonstration of down-chirped and chirp-free pulses fromhigh-repetition-rate passively mode-locked lasers

Knowledge and control of the chirp parameters of semiconductor lasers is a prerequisite to obtaining transform-limited pulses and/or to compensate for group velocity dispersion in fiber. Here, we report measurements of the sign and magnitude of chirp in high-repetition-rate mode-locked semiconductor lasers. The chirp of these monolithic lasers is measured in the frequency domain, using filtering and cross-correlation techniques. For different injection currents, a range of different chirp values is measured, including strongly down-chirped pulses at higher injection currents and transform-limited pulses to slightly up-chirped pulses at lower injection currents. The pulse chirp and the resulting broadening are due to the algebraic addition of opposite-signed chirps due to saturation of the absorption section and the gain section. These may cancel each other under some conditions, leading to a soliton-like transform-limited pulse     

测量超短激光脉冲啁啾阶数及量值的一种新方法

提出了一种测量超短激光脉冲啁啾阶数及量值的新方法。根据二次干涉自相关(IAC)包络比值对啁啾有很高灵敏度的特性,通过对IAC包络比值进行分析计算获得判断啁啾阶数的方法,并得到包络比值中央半宽与啁啾量值间的对应关系。采用IAC二次谐波检测系统对加浓染料激光器输出的脉冲进行测量,结果表明,被测超短激光脉冲含有平方啁啾,啁啾参数为0.80,实现了对超短激光脉冲啁啾阶数及量值测量。     

啁啾指数脉冲的非线性传输研究

数值研究了初始线性啁啾指数光脉冲在单模光纤反常色散区的非线性传输特性,并将这种特性与双曲正割脉冲的相关特性作了比较.脉冲振幅A=1时,负啁啾对脉冲时域宽度展宽的影响比正啁啾大;指数脉冲受啁啾影响比双曲正割脉冲更敏感.A＞1.2时,脉宽在演化过程中呈周期性衰减振荡,振荡周期和振幅随啁啾|C|(|C|≤2)的增大而增大,最后能演化成光孤子.脉冲演化成光孤子所需的最小振幅A比啁啾双曲正割脉冲的大.     

Frequency-resolved optical gating characterisation of passively modelocked quantum-dot laser

A unique, ultra-sensitive frequency-resolved optical gating system was constructed, and the pulse shape and chirp of a quantum-dot modelocked laser was unambiguously measured using this technique for the first time. A clear pulse asymmetry was detected, and evidence that the pulses are recompressible to sub-picosecond lengths is presented.     

短脉冲在色散平坦光纤中传输前后波形、相位和啁啾测量的实验研究

二次谐波频率分辨光学门(SHG-FROG)是能够准确测量短脉冲多项特性参量的新技术。利用二次谐波频率分辨光学门脉冲分析仪对在色散平坦光纤中传输前后的短脉冲进行了测量,得到了待测光脉冲的频率分辨光学门(FROG)图、自相关曲线、自相关频谱曲线、波形和相位曲线以及脉宽、谱宽、啁啾等反映短脉冲特性的信息,对实验结果进行了分析,并与高斯脉冲在单模光纤中的线性传输理论进行了比较。结果表明,激光器输出的短脉冲是具有负线性啁啾的近变换极限高斯脉冲,经过12.7 km色散平坦光纤传输后仍然为具有负线性啁啾的高斯脉冲,其谱宽在传输过程中基本保持不变,脉宽展宽了3.1倍,啁啾增大了4倍。实验测量结果和理论预期一致。     

10GHz ps光孤子在G652光纤中的绝热传输实验

利用二次谐波频率分辨光学门(FROG)脉冲分析仪,实验研究了一阶啁啾ps光孤子在普通单模光纤(SMF)中长距离绝热传输时脉冲波形、脉宽和啁啾的变化规律。实验结果表明,在色散较大的标准SMF中,一阶啁啾孤子的稳定传输长度超过1000个色散长度,即很好地保持双曲正割波形不变(啁啾不影响孤子的波形),但啁啾孤子的脉宽展宽速度高于非啁啾孤子绝热传输的微扰结果;采取预加重措施,可以减小孤子脉宽的增大。因此,对于占空比较小的ps孤子脉冲,可以不必采用复杂的消啁啾和色散管理措施,就可以利用绝热方式进行稳定传输。     

基于光学参量振荡器的高分辨率CARS光谱研究

提出了一种基于三硼酸锂（LBO）晶体的飞秒绿色泵浦光学参量振荡器（OPO）,其采用飞秒525 nm绿光光纤激光器作为泵浦源。OPO产生的信号光其可调谐的光谱范围由780～940 nm,光功率可达到250 mW以上;闲频光可调谐范围从1630～1190 nm,光功率可达到300 mW以上。利用本系统可在波数为1330 cm－1和6650 cm－1之间进行相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射（CARS）光谱测量。由于脉冲啁啾,光谱分辨率达到100 cm－1,与时间带宽限制脉冲激励源相比,分辨率达到后者的2.5倍。     

Pulse evolution in a photorefractive self-pumped phase conjugatorwith transmission grating geometry

The effect of grating dispersion on pulse evolution in a photorefractive self-pumped phase conjugator is analyzed. The broadening factors and the time-dependent phases of self-pumped phase-conjugate pulses of unchirped and chirped Gaussian pulses are obtained. When the grating dispersion and the angular dispersion cancel the material dispersion, the self-pumped phase-conjugate pulse has a minimum width, which is determined by the first-order dispersion of the grating. The self-pumped phase conjugation of an unchirped Gaussian pulse broadens and is linearly chirped whereas the self-pumped phase conjugation of a chirped Gaussian pulse is compressed when the dispersion-induced chirp cancels the initial chirp     

Investigation of pulse pedestal and dynamic chirp formation on picosecond pulses after propagation through an SOA

The authors investigate the propagation of picosecond pulses through semiconductor optical amplifiers using the measurement technique of frequency resolved optical gating. The work shows the generation of significant pulse pedestals and frequency chirp across the optical pulses, which initially have a duration of 2 ps. As the input peak power of the optical pulses is increased from 2.4 to 80 mW, the pulse pedestals increased by 20 dB and the chirp became significantly more nonlinear. The generated pedestals and the nonlinear output chirp may cause serious degradation in high-speed communications systems employing wavelength-division-multiplexing and optical time-division-multiplexing techniques.     

基于交叉相位调制的孤子脉冲压缩效应研究

在负色散区 ,基本孤子在光纤中传输时其波形与脉宽保持不变。提出一种在负色散区利用交叉相位调制效应压缩基本孤子脉冲的新方法。采用分步傅里叶方法对非线性耦合方程进行了数值计算与模拟。研究了不同抽运功率、不同抽运脉冲啁啾参数以及不同脉宽对基本孤子脉冲压缩的影响。发现基本孤子脉冲不仅能够被压缩 ,而且光纤存在最佳压缩长度。在抽运功率一定的条件下 ,选取负啁啾的抽运脉冲 ,可获得更高压缩比的压缩光脉冲。另外 ,不同的脉冲宽度对孤子脉冲的压缩产生较大的影响 ,一般情况下 ,选用较窄的抽运脉冲易于产生较短的压缩光脉冲     

高斯脉冲在光纤中传输的光纤光栅色散补偿研究

高斯脉冲在光纤中传输一段距离后，啁啾系数和脉冲宽度均要发生变化，不同啁啾系数和脉冲宽度的高斯脉冲经过啁啾光纤光栅反射后的脉宽压缩特性也不同。本文介绍了啁啾高斯脉冲在光纤中的传输特性以及啁啾高斯脉冲经啁啾光纤光栅反射后的传输特性。理论分析和实验均表明，使用啁啾光纤光栅实现长距离色散补偿时，最佳色散补偿长度与光栅位置有关。     

超短啁啾脉冲复宗量拉盖尔-高斯光束的传输式

为了研究超短啁啾脉冲复宗量拉盖尔-高斯光束合理的物理模型和光束参量对物理模型的影响,采用复振幅包络表示式和复解析信号表示式推导了这类脉冲光束的复振幅包络解和复解析信号解。对复振幅包络解奇异性的产生进行了详细分析,讨论了脉冲啁啾、脉冲宽度和模式对复振幅包络解奇异性的影响。计算结果表明,当脉冲光束存在啁啾时,啁啾量越大,复振幅包络解的奇异点位置离光束中心越近,而复解析信号解在任意大小啁啾的情况下都不存在奇异性;对于啁啾量相同的脉冲,脉冲宽度越小或模指数越大其奇异性位置离光束中心越近。因而要建立激光光束合理的物理模型必须根据光束参量采用合适的研究方法。