基于模态实验的机床进给系统研究与分析

基于模态分析理论，应用锤击法对机床进给系统进行了实验模态分析。研究了该机床进给系统的动态特性，获得了该机床进给系统的固有频率、阻尼比和模态振型。通过对机床进给系统各阶模态振型的分析，找到了结构的薄弱环节，并为进行机构优化设计提出了改进措施。     

高速数控车床进给系统静动态特性分析

高速数控车床的进给系统是重要部件,其静动态特性对机床整体性能的影响非常突出,应用ANSYS软件对高速数控车床进给系统进行了有限元分析.为了提高分析效率,对高速数控车床进给系统原始设计进行了简化,这些简化均不会对整体应力分布有明显影响.建立了高速数控车床进给系统有限元模型,分析其静态特性.通过模态分析得到高速进给系统固有频率和主振型,为高速数控车床的动态性能评估提供依据.     

液压金刚石飞切机床整机模态分析

以我国自主研制的某液压金刚石飞切机床为研究对象,对考虑地基的机床整机动态性能进行研究。使用UG和ANSYS Workbench联合仿真对机床整机进行有限元模态分析,得到机床的前6阶固有频率和振型;运用模态测试系统对机床整机进行模态测试,基于实模态参数识别方法获得机床的模态参数。通过有限元仿真与试验结果对比分析发现,前6阶固有频率误差均不超过10%且对应模态振型基本一致,验证了研究结果的正确性。机床整机低阶模态振型表现为床身系统相对地基的整体转动与平动,说明机床整体机构设计合理,为机床整机进一步的时变多体动力学规律预测奠定了基础。     

基于有限元法6-UPS并联机床模态分析

文章应用有限元法,对一种6-UPS型并联机床进行了详细的模态分析,分别获得了该机床的低阶固有频率及其对应的振型和振型动画,通过对分析结果进行数据处理,得到了该机床的低阶固有频率在其工作空间中的分布规律,为机床的结构设计以及进一步深入的动力学分析提供了可靠依据。     

KDP晶体超精密加工机床主轴系统模态分析

KDP晶体超精密加工机床的加工精度与主轴系统的振动存在着密切的联系。为了解决KDP晶体超精密加工机床的加工稳定性差、精度难以保证的问题,利用ANSYS Workbench软件建立了主轴系统的三维有限元模型,在此基础上对机床主轴系统进行模态分析,得到主轴系统的前6阶模态频率和振型并分析了主轴系统的模态频率及振型之间的关系。最后对主轴系统进行模态实验,实验结果与有限元分析之间基本吻合,最大误差为4.9%,验证了有限元分析结果的可靠性,为KDP晶体超精密加工机床主轴系统的优化设计以及轻量化研究奠定了基础。     

磁悬浮直线进给单元工作台模态分析

磁悬浮直线进给单元是一种新型的机床功能部件,振动问题是其结构设计中所面临的问题之一,它会造成机床的加工误差,影响零件的加工精度和表面质量。建立了进给单元工作台的三维有限元模型,利用有限元分析软件ANSYS对工作台初始模型进行模态分析,求得其固有频率和振型,并据此改进工作台的结构,以便在设计阶段预测工作台的性能,并为工作台的结构优化提供理论依据。     

某机床计算模态分析及其实验验证

为了优化机床的动态性能,进一步提高机床的加工精度和加工效率,分别利用计算模态分析方法和实验模态分析的方法对一数控机床的动态特性进行了研究。得到了该机床的前三阶模态的固有频率,阻尼比和振型。通过对计算和实验结果的对比分析发现前三阶固有频率误差分别为8.7%,9.8%和8.1%,阻尼比误差分别为18%,9.3%和17%,模态振型基本一致。发现在低阶时计算模态分析准确度较高,该机床的薄弱环节为其立柱。提出的方法和得到的结论可应用于机床动态特性的设计与研究中。     

重心驱动式龙门铣床滑枕的结构设计与分析

介绍了重心驱动理论的原理,并利用该理论对某龙门铣床的滑枕结构进行改进。通过有限元分析软件ANSYS Workbench对改进前后的结构进行静态分析和模态分析,根据对比得到的应变图和前六阶固有频率及振型图证明"重心驱动"理论能够明显改善滑枕的静动态特性。进一步对改进前后的Z轴进给系统进行谐响应分析对比,仿真结果表明改进后的Z轴进给系统较好的避免了共振现象。     

基于ANSYS的高速数控雕铣机模态分析与实验研究

利用有限元分析软件ANSYS,建立KT 450高速数控雕铣机滑板系统和工作台系统的三维有限元模型,对滑板系统和工作台系统进行模态分析,得到了前8阶固有频率及模态振型,通过模态参数辨识给予验证.并提出改善机床动态特性的方法.     

微小型车铣复合机床模态分析

微小型零件切削加工设备精度的提高对于微小型结构件切削加工质量的提高起到巨大的作用.通过对某大学自主研制的微小型车铣复合机床KNC-50FS进行模态测试,得到该机床的低阶模态振型,并通过切削实验进行验证.模态分析结果为机床颤振研究和加工参数选择提供了基础.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.