2738模具钢表面激光熔覆Ni基WC复合涂层的摩擦磨损性能

在2738模具钢表面通过CO2激光熔覆制备Ni基WC复合涂层。分别对2738钢基体和Ni-WC激光熔覆层进行干摩擦试验。用三维表面形貌仪测量磨损体积,用扫描电镜观察磨痕的表面形貌。试验结果表明,Ni-WC复合涂层试样的硬度显著提高,表面硬度超过1200HV,保证了Ni-WC熔覆层的耐磨性。熔覆层的平均摩擦因数约为0.24,与2738钢基体的摩擦因数0.43相比,降低了约44%。熔覆试样的比磨损率比基体试样的比磨损率下降了96.7%,WC硬质相提高了摩擦副表面的承载能力。磨粒磨损为Ni-WC复合涂层的主要磨损机理。     

Cr3C2对等离子钴基堆焊层组织及性能的影响

采用等离子堆焊技术在低碳钢表面制备钴基合金堆焊层(Co40)及添加质量分数20%和40%Cr3C2的钴基合金复合堆焊层(Co40+20%Cr3C2,Co40+40%Cr3C2)。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪以及磨损实验机等研究不同添加量的Cr3C2对钴基合金堆焊层组织和耐磨性能的影响。结果表明:Co40堆焊层由γ-Co和Cr23C6组成;添加Cr3C2粉末后,堆焊层出现未熔的Cr3C2和Cr7C3及Cr23C6相,且明显改变了其组织特征,Co40+20%Cr3C2堆焊层仍以亚共晶方式结晶,但其组织得到明显的细化和均匀化,而Co40+40%Cr3C2堆焊层转变为过共晶方式结晶,其组织由大量初生碳化物和枝晶组织组成;Co40+Cr3C2复合堆焊层的硬度和耐磨性较Co40堆焊层均得到显著提高,且随着Cr3C2添加量的增加而相应提高。     

Preparation and Characterization of Ni60-Cr<Subscript>3</Subscript>C<Subscript>2</Subscript>-WC/TiC Plasma Welding Surfacing Layer

Using plasma build-up welding technology, Ni60, WC, Cr₃C₂, and TiC composite powders were clad on the surface of the substrate in a certain proportion according to the metallurgical bonding method to increase the bond strength between the coating and the substrate. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to observe the microstructure of the surfacing layer and the chemical composition of the sample. The hardness and wear resistance of the surfacing layer were tested and analyzed by the HV-1000 hardness tester and the impact wear device. The results showed that in the microstructure, fishbone, spider-web, and floral-like structures appeared in the surfacing layer. When the micro-hardness was tested, the depth of the indentation reflected the hardness of the surfacing layer. When analyzing wear resistance, the amount of wear increases with time.     

Microstructure and wear resistance of in situ NbC particles reinforced Ni-based alloy composite coating by laser cladding

The in situ synthesized NbC particles reinforced Ni-based alloy composite coating was produced by laser cladding a precursor mixture of Ni-based alloy powder,graphite and niobium powders on a steel substrate.The microstructure,phase composition and wear property of the composite coating were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and dry sliding wear test.The experiment results show that the composite coating is homogeneous and free from cracks,and about 0.8 mm thick.The microstructure of the composite coating is mainly composed of NbC particles,CrB type chromium borides,γ-Ni primary dendrites,and interdendritic eutectics.CrB phases often nucleate and grow on the surface of NbC particles or in their close vicinity.NbC particles are formed via in situ reaction between niobium and graphite in the molten pool during the laser cladding process and they are commonly precipitated in three kinds of morphologies,such as quadrangle,cluster,and flower-like shape.Compared with the pure Ni-based alloy coating,the microhardness of the composite coating is increased about 38%,giving a high average hardness of HV0.21000,and the wear rate of the composite coating is decreased by about 32%,respectively.These are attributed to the presence of in situ synthesized NbC particles and their well distribution in the coating.     

纳米Al2O3弥散强化复合涂层的制备及耐磨性研究

将纳米Al2O3与Ni基自熔性合金的复合粉末用氧乙炔焰热喷焊工艺制备复合涂层，研究了纳米Al2O3的加入量对组织的耐磨性的影响，结果表明，纳米Al2O3以0．5vol%加入复合涂层的耐磨性能最好。     

Effect of salt spray corrosion on tribological properties of HVOF sprayed NiCr-Cr<Subscript>3</Subscript>C<Subscript>2</Subscript> coating with intermediate layer

The objective of the present work was to determine the influence of the neutral salt spray corrosion on the wear resistance of HVOF sprayed NiCr-Cr₃C₂ coating with intermediate layer. Ni-Zn-Al₂O₃ coatings as interlayers were prepared by low pressure cold spray (LPCS) between NiCr-Cr₃C₂ cermet coatings to form a sandwich structure to enhance the corrosion resistance properties. The tribological properties were examined using the UMT-3 fricition and wear tester by line-contact reciprocating sliding under dry and salt spray one week corrosion. The morphology, element distribution, and phase compositions of the coating and worn sufaces were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction respectively. The corrosion behavior of the coating was studied by the open-circuit potential, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization, and salt spray corrosion methods. It is found that the sandwich structured coating has better corrosion resistance than the single layer coating. The results show that under dry wear conditions, the wear mechanism is abrasive and adhesive wear, whereas under salt spray corrosion conditions it becomes corrosion wear. The friction coefficient of the sandwich structured coating after salt spray corrosion is slightly lower than the dry friction coefficient, but the weight of the wear loss is lower than that under dry condition.     

Microstructures and dry sliding wear properties of ZrB2/A356 composites synthesized by magneto-chemistry in situ reaction

In situ A356-x%PVF (particle volume fraction) ZrB₂ (x=1, 3, 5) composites were prepared via magneto-chemistry in situ reaction and the dry sliding wear properties of the composites were investigated. The experimental results show that ZrB₂ reinforcement particle is obtained and its morphology mainly present in spherical and regular hexagon. Wear test results show that the values of wear weight loss of the composites decrease with the increase of value under a given sliding time and a certain load of 60 N. Especially, when x=5, the weight loss of the as-prepared composite is 43.1 mg, which is only 36.4% to that of A356 alloy, 118 mg. The wear mechanism is changed from adhesion wear to adhesion wear and abrasive wear and then to abrasive wear with the increase of x value.     

Wear Properties of Plasma Transferred Arc Fe-based Coatings Reinforced by Spherical WC Particles

Fe-based coatings reinforced by spherical WC particles were produced on the 304 stainless steel by plasma transferred arc(PTA) to enhance the surface wear properties. Three different Fe/WC composite powder mixtures containing 0 wt%, 30 wt%, and 60 wt% of WC were investigated. The microstructure and phase composition of the Fe/WC composite PTA coatings were evaluated systemically by using scanning electron microscope(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The wear properties of the three fabricated PTA coatings were investigated on a BRUKER UMT TriboLab. The morphologies of the worn tracks and wear debris were characterized by using SEM and 3 D non-contract profiler. The experimental results reveal that the microhardness on the cross-section and the wear resistance of the fabricated coatings increase dramatically with the increasing adding WC contents. The coating containing 60 wt% of WC possesses excellent wear resistance validated by the lower coefficients of friction(COF), narrower and shallower wear tracks and smaller wear rate. In the pure Fe-based coating, the main wear mechanism is the combination of adhesion and oxidative wear. Adhesive and two-body abrasive wear are predominated in the coating containing 30 wt% of WC, whereas threebody abrasion wear mechanism is predominated in the coating containing 60 wt% of WC.     

Friction and wear performances of cathodic arc ion plated TiAlSiN coating under oil lubricated condition

TiAlSiN coating was deposited on H13 hot work mould steel using cathodic arc ion plating (CAIP). The surface-interface morphologies and phases of the obtained coating were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively, and the morphologies, distributions of chemical elements and profiles of worn tracks were also researched using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS), and optical microscope (OM), respectively. The friction-wear performances of TiAlSiN coating under oil lubricated and dry fiction conditions were investigated, and the wear mechanisms of TiAlSiN coating were discussed. The experimental results show that the coating is primarily composed of (Ti, Al)N, AlTiN, and TiN hard phases, Si₃N₄ exists between the (Ti, Al)N crystal grains, increasing the coating microhardness to 3200HV. The TiAlSiN coating has excellent performances of reducing friction and wear resistance, the average coefficient of friction (COF) of TiAlSiN coating under oil lubricated condition is only 0.05, lowered than the average COF of 0.211 under dry friction condition, the wear rate decreases by about 81.2% compared with that under dry friction condition. The wear mechanism of TiAlSiN coating under oil lubricated and dry friction conditions is composed of abrasive wear, fatigue wear, and abrasive wear, respectively. The internal friction of oil lubrication is a main factor of decreasing fatigue wear.     

激光熔覆功率对原位合成TiB/TiN涂层组织和摩擦性能的影响

以光学显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和电子探针(EPMA)方法分析涂层相组织结构和显微形貌,采用硬度测试仪及滑动磨损机测试涂层硬度及耐磨性能.结果表明,涂层中原位合成了TiB和TiN强化相颗粒,分别呈现针棒状形貌组织和等轴晶形貌组织;激光功率对组织形貌影响较大,随着激光功率的提高,熔覆层的硬度和耐磨性能呈上升的趋势;母材的磨损机制主要为疲劳磨损,而熔覆层金属的磨损主要由疲劳磨损和磨粒磨损共同作用,其中磨粒磨损占主体作用.     

激光熔覆铜基自生复合材料设计及其涂层研究

为了提高铝合金的耐磨性，利用铜合金体系存在液相分离现象等冶金性质，在铝合金表面设计了自生铜基复合材料体系，并采用激光熔覆技术对其进行了验证和优化。设计的较理想材料体系为Cu-16Ni-6Fe-8Co-7Mo-4Cr-3Si，由其得到的激光熔覆复合材料中存在大量的自生硬质颗粒增强体，其熔覆涂层具有良好耐磨性，其耐磨性甚至优于汽车发动机缸盖阀门座圈QZ5铸铁合金。     

Morphology and tribological properties of Ni/n-SiO2 composite coatings by pulse-reverse current brush-plating

Ni/n-SiO₂ composite coating was electrodeposited by brush-plating with pulse-reverse current(RC). The morphology, hardness, and tribological properties of the coating were investigated and compared with those of Ni and composite coatings electrodeposited with direct current (DC). The results indicate that Ni/n-SiO₂ composite coating electrodeposited by RC, because of RC and the nano powders, has denser coating, finer crystal grains, higher hardness (HV650.0, nearly 1.5 times higher than that of Ni coating electrodeposited by DC) and lower friction coefficient (nearly 0.62), as a result, in the wearing experiment, the Ni/n-SiO₂ composite coating electrodeposited by RC has the least worn loss. So this kind of coating has better wear resistance. And RC electro brush-plating can be used as a new technology of brush-plating in the area of wear resistance. Foundation item: Project (50235030) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project (51489020104JS9102) supported by the National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing     

Mierostrueture and Properties of Coating from Cemented Carbide on Surface of H13 Steel

The microstructures and properties of coating from cemented carbide on the substrate of H 13 by vacuum powder sintering were studied. The effect of sintering temperature on the microstructures of coating was discussed. The interface characteristics between coating and H 13 steel substrate, microhardness distribution and wear resistance in the coating were analyzed. The coating from cemented carbide with thickness of 1-3 mm by vacuum powder sintering at temperature ranging from 1280℃to 1300 ℃ was obtained. The experimental results indicated that the coating with microhardness of HV 1600 favorable to wear resistance is strongly bonded with the H 13 steel substrate by mutual diffusion and penetration of Fe,Cr, Mo,V in substrate towards the coating and W, Co,Ni in coating towards the substrate.     

高能脉冲类激光熔覆镍基合金层的组织及性能

为了提高304不锈钢表面的综合性能,采用高能脉冲类激光熔覆沉积技术在304不锈钢表面制备了镍基合金熔覆层.采用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪、销-盘磨损试验机与电化学测试系统对镍基合金熔覆层的显微组织、相结构、耐磨损性能和电化学腐蚀性能进行了研究.结果表明,镍基合金熔覆层与304不锈钢基材呈良好的冶金结合,熔覆层的相对耐磨损性为304不锈钢基材的4.4倍.熔覆层组织由γ-Ni基体相、Ni_3Mo、Fe_7Mo_3和Cr_(23)C_6碟状增强相与不规则棒状增强相组成.增强相是提高耐磨损性能的主要原因,增强相与基体相的电极电位差是导致腐蚀电流密度增加的主要原因.     

激光熔覆Ni基高温合金粉末涂层磨损机制图

目的 研究激光熔覆Ni基高温合金粉末涂层的磨损性能和磨损机理,建立涂层的磨损机制图.方法 以Ni基高温合金粉末为原料,在crM0铸铁表面利用激光熔覆技术制备了减摩耐磨的复合涂层.应用均匀设计的试验方法 进行试验方案的设计.根据不同工作参数组合下的磨损率建立其磨损机制图,根据试验结果 对熔覆层的磨损机理进行了研究.结果 建立了涂层的磨损机制图.激光熔覆Ni基高温合金粉末涂层的磨损形式主要包括严重磨损和轻微磨损.主要磨损机制包括剥层磨损、黏着磨损、磨粒磨损和氧化磨损等.结论 根据磨损机制图.可以确定涂层的安全工作区域为载荷小于4 MPa时,滑动速度大于1.5 m/s;载荷大于4 MPa时.滑动速度在1～2.0m/s.     

Wear performance of Ni/ZrO<Subscript>2</Subscript> infiltrated composite layer

The Ni/ZrO2 was used as raw materials to fabricate the surface infiltrated composite layer with 1-4 mm thickness on cast steel substrate through vacuum infiltrated casting technology. The microstructure indicated that the infiltrated composite layer included surface composite layer and transition layer. Wear property was investigated under room temperature and 450 ℃. The results indicated that the abrasion volume of substrate was 8 times that of the infiltrated composite layer at room temperature. The friction coefficient of infiltrated composite layer decreased with the increasing load. The wear resistance of infiltrated composite layer with different ZrO2 contents had been improved obviously under high temperature. The friction coefficient of infiltrated composite layer was decreased comparing with that at room temperature. The oxidation, abrasive and fatigue abrasion was the main wear mechanism at room temperature. Oxidation abrasion, fatigue wear and adhesive wear dominated the wearing process under elevated temperature.     

Wear behavior of <Emphasis Type="Italic">in-situ</Emphasis> TiC particles reinforced aluminum matrix composite

The microstructure, tensile property and wear resistance of 7075 aluminum matrix composite reinforced with TiC particles prepared by in-situ reaction casting were investigated. The effect of TiC reinforcement on wear behavior was analyzed. The wear mechanism was also discussed. A micro-mechanism model of reaction kinetics for synthesis of TiC was acquired. Results show that TiC could increase the tensile and yield strength, but decrease the elongation. Besides, TiC particles improve the property of wear resistance of 7075 aluminum alloy. The wear mechanisms include abrasive wear and adhesive wear in wear test process.     

Wear-resistance Performance of Spray-welding Coating by Plasma Weld-surfacing

Alloy powders including Ni60, WC, Cr_3C_2, and TiC with different mass ratios were deposited on medium carbon low alloy steel by plasma welding. Through the experiments, the optimal alloy powder reinforcing cutter tool surface properties were discovered. The wear resistance properties were investigated on the impact abrasive wear tester. The experimental results show that in terms of microstructure, there exists the shape of herringbone, spider mesh, broken flower structures in coatings. In addition, fusion area of four specimens surfacing welding layer displays a large number of acicular martensite with a small amount of austenite. The coating mainly consists of Ni-Cr-Fe austenitic phase and the other precipitates. TiC density is smaller, its content is less in alloy powder, in the process of surfacing welding, TiC is melted fully, which is mainly distributed in surface layer and middle layer of hard facing layer. The content of TiC gradually reduces from surface layer of hard facing layer to the fusion area. Compared to TiC, the density of tungsten carbide and chromium carbide is larger, there exist tungsten carbide and chromium carbide particles, which are not completely melted near the fusion area. The micro-hardness presents gradient change from the fusion area to the surface layer of hard facing layer, and the hardness of the middle layer is slightly lower than that of the fusion area, and the hardness increases near the surface layer.     

钻头齿面堆焊用硬质合金耐磨性试验

为了选择更合适的钻头齿面强化材料,对多种粒度的球状烧结碳化钨和粒状铸造碳化钨堆焊层分别作了磨料磨损试验,以评价其抗磨性能。用 Ｎｉ 基合金作钎料,在高真空度下将硬质合金颗粒焊至２０ Ｎｉ４ Ｍｏ 表面。试验采用多种冲击能量,磨料介质为石英砂、水和少量悬浮剂,用天平称出磨损失重。结果表明：球状烧结碳化钨或不同类型和粒度混合的碳化钨堆焊层都比现行采用的粒状铸造碳化钨具有更好的抗冲击磨料磨损能力。用球状烧结碳化钨代替粒状铸造碳化钨作钢齿钻头齿面堆焊材料是提高齿面强化效果的有效途径。     

Microstructure and thermal physical parameters of Ni60-Cr3C2 composite coating by laser cladding

To satisfy performance and long life requirements for hot forging die, Ni60-Cr₃C₂ composite coatings were prepared on the high-speed steel W₆Mo₅Cr₄V₂ using laser cladding technology. Laser clad coatings with different ratios of Ni60:Cr₃C₂ were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and microhardness tester, respectively. Specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity were measured by Laser Thermal Constant Meter. Thermal expansion coefficient and elastic modulus were measured by Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analyzer and Electro-Hydraulic Servocontrolled Testing System, respectively. The results indicated that Ni60+50wt% Cr₃C₂ composite coating had dense and homogeneous structure, as well as a metallurgical bonding with the substrate. With the increase of Cr₃C₂ content, volume of chromium-containing compounds in the composite coating increased, microhardness increased and microstructure refined. The thermal physical parameters results showed that Ni60+ 50wt% Cr₃C₂ composite coating was overall worse than W₆Mo₅Cr₄V₂, but had a higher hot yield strength to alleviate hot fatigue and surface hot wear of hot forging die during hot forging and thus improve the service life of hot forging die.