右心功能衰竭诊治进展

目前,右心室相关功能研究仍为热点领域。美国国家心肺和血液研究所于2006年将其列为今后心血管领域的重点研究方向,如右心室功能的测定方法、右心室特性、右心室肥厚的机制和作用、肺部疾病对右心室功能的影响、右心功能衰竭（心衰）模型的建立、转录研究、右心室形态发育、特异性治疗方法等。     

右心室长轴运动的位移及速度在右心衰竭诊断中的价值

目的:评价不同超声心动图指标和组合方式在右心衰竭中的诊断价值。方法:右心衰竭组患者62例,对照组健康成人52例,应用超声诊断仪测量三尖瓣环收缩位移(TAPSE)、收缩期峰值速度(Sm)、游离壁基底段应变(BS)、中间段应变(MS)、右心室舒张末期面积(RVEDA)和收缩末期面积(RVESA),计算右心室面积变化率。用逐步判别法分析结果,建立诊断右心衰竭的判别模型。分别用TAPSE<15mm、Sm<11.5cm/s及二者串联和并联试验4种方法诊断右心衰竭。结果:与对照组比较,右心衰竭组RVEDA和RVESA增加,TAPSE、Sm、BS和MS显著降低(均P<0.01)。诊断右心衰竭的判别模型:右心衰竭F=1.166×TAPSE+1.732×Sm-14.134,非右心衰竭F=1.779×TAPSE+2.627×Sm-31.818;两者串联时诊断灵敏度为90.3%,特异度为88.5%,正确率为89.5%。结论:诊断右心衰竭时,TAPSE与Sm更具价值,两者串联临床意义更大。     

左西孟旦治疗难治性右心衰竭患者的临床疗效

目的探讨左西孟旦治疗难治性右心衰竭患者的临床效果及不良反应。方法符合纳入标准的80例在该院老年心血管内科住院治疗的难治性右心衰竭患者。随机分为常规治疗+左西孟旦组和常规治疗+米力农组,观察两组治疗前后的临床疗效,测定N末端B型脑钠肽前体(NT-pro BNP)、Tei值、右室射血分数(RVEF)等指标,并进行安全性分析。结果左西孟旦组用药后呼吸困难明显改善,与米力农组比较有统计学差异(P<0.05),左西孟旦治疗在降低NT-pro BNP、Tei值、改善RVEF方面均优于米力农(P<0.05),两组不良反应发生率差别无统计学意义(P>0.05),未发生严重的不良事件,常见的不良反应为头痛、低血钾、低血压。结论左西孟旦治疗难治性右心衰竭患者,可明显改善其血流动力学指标,提高心功能,改善右心衰竭的症状,且安全性及患者耐受性良好。     

慢性右心功能衰竭诊疗进展

右心功能衰竭是指任何原因导致的心血管结构或功能异常,损害右心室充盈或射血功能的临床综合征.右心功能衰竭的病残率和死亡率均高于左心衰竭.目前对于右心功能和右心功能衰竭的研究远远落后于左心功能和左心功能衰竭..     

COPD合并肺心病患者血NT-proBNP水平变化研究

目的观察COPD合并肺心病患者血NT-proBNP水平增高的特点,探讨NT-proBNP升高的意义。方法入选诊断COPD合并肺心病出现右心衰竭的患者32例,缓解期患者31例,为研究组,30例健康体检者为对照组,进行NT-proBNP测定,研究NT-proBNP在COPD合并肺心病患者的临床意义。结果研究组COPD合并肺心病右心衰竭期和缓解期患者血NT-proBNP水平均显著高于对照组,而且右心衰竭期患者NT-proBNP水平高于缓解期患者,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 COPD合并肺心病患者血NTproBNP水平显著升高,对COPD合并肺心病的诊断,病情判断,疗效评价及预后有很好的临床价值。     

慢性心力衰竭患者血清和肽素水平与心功能的关系

目的 :探讨血清和肽素(copeptin)与氨基末端脑钠肽前体(NT-pro BNP)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)、慢性心力衰竭(CHF)严重程度之间的相关性。方法:筛选78例CHF患者,收集其临床相关数据,按纽约心脏病学会(NYHA)心功能分级分为心功能Ⅱ级组22例、心功能Ⅲ级组33例、心功能Ⅳ级组23例,另选取同时期住院的心脏超声及冠状动脉造影正常、无器质性心脏病患者44例为对照组。用酶联免疫吸附法测定研究对象的血清和肽素和NT-pro BNP水平,同时行心脏超声检测其LVEF、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD),比较不同心功能分级组及对照组之间各项指标的差别和相关性。结果:CHF组血清和肽素水平明显高于对照组[(543.1±50.8)ng/L比(365.2±53.3)ng/L,P     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病致右心衰竭 NT-proBNP 水平和 Tei 指数相关性

目的：探究COPD致右心衰竭N末端脑钠肽原（NT‐proBNP）水平和心肌做功（Tei）指数相关性,为医学临床提供参考。方法选取2013年9月至2015年9月我院收治的200例C O PD致右心衰竭患者作为观察组。选取同期200例COPD患者作为对照组。对比观察2组患者NT‐proBNP水平和Tei指数相关性。结果 Tei指数与年龄和心率等因素无明显的相关性;NT‐proBNP、Tei指数随着NYHA心功能分级级别的升高而升高（ F ＝6.319、5.003,P ＜0.05）;Tei指数与 NT‐proBNP水平呈正相关（ r ＝0.876,P ＜0.05）。结论 COPD致右心衰竭患者的NT‐proBNP水平和 Tei指数呈正相关,可以较好的检测患者的病情,因此值得在对患者的临床检查中进行应用和推广。     

新活素联合多巴胺治疗毛细血管前肺动脉高压所致右心衰竭的疗效观察

目的 观察新活素联合多巴胺治疗毛细血管前肺动脉高压所致右心衰竭的临床疗效。方法选取于2022年2月至2022年12月秦皇岛市第一医院收治的毛细血管前肺动脉高压所致右心衰竭患者104例。随机分为对照组（抗右心衰竭常规治疗）34例、A组（常规治疗+新活素持续静脉滴注）33例、B组（常规治疗+新活素持续静脉滴注+多巴胺静脉滴注）37例。比较各组治疗前后血脑钠肽（BNP）值、右心室面积变化分数（FAC）、三尖瓣环收缩期位移（TAPSE）、右心室心脏指数（RCI）、肺动脉平均压（PAMP）及治疗中低血压发生率。结果 三组基线数据对比无统计学差异。BNP值：治疗后三组均下降,A组、B组低于对照组（P<0.05）,B组低于A组（P<0.05）,三组间存在统计学差异（F=41.2,P<0.01）。FAC、TAPSE、RCI：治疗后三组均升高,A组、B组高于对照组（P<0.05）,B组高于A组（P<0.05）,三组间存在统计学差异（FFAC=41.6,FTAPSE=48.0,FRCI=183.1,P均<0.01）。PAMP：治疗后三组均下降,A组、B组低于对照组（P&...     

急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者血浆N末端脑钠尿肽前体水平与全球急性冠状动脉事件注册评分的相关性研究

目的：探讨急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死（ ANSTEMI）患者血浆N末端脑钠尿肽前体（ NT－proBNP）水平与全球急性冠状动脉事件注册（ GRACE）评分的关系。方法2010年1月—2013年10月连续入选在宁德市医院心内科住院治疗的初发ANSTEMI患者156例,根据入院时GRACE危险分层将患者分为低危组（ GRACE评分＜85分）48例、中危组（ GRACE评分为85～133分）51例、高危组（ GRACE评分＞133分）57例。采用德国SIEMENS公司生产的Dimension自动检测仪测定患者血浆NT－proBNP水平,分析血浆NT－proBNP水平与GRACE评分间的相关性。结果低危组患者血浆NT－proBNP中位水平为439（134～915） ng／L,中危组患者血浆NT－proBNP中位水平为886（234～2488） ng／L,高危组患者血浆NT－proBNP中位水平为2320（278～10442） ng／L,高危组患者血浆NT－proBNP水平＞中危组＞低危组（ P ＜0.05）。 NT－proBNP取以10为底的对数（ lg ）转换为lgNT－proBNP后与GRACE评分做双变量相关分析,结果显示lgNT－proBNP与 GRACE 评分呈正相关（ r ＝0.52, P ＜0.05）。结论ANSTEMI患者血浆NT－proBNP与GRACE评分呈正相关,检测血浆NT－proBNP水平有助于快速筛查高危ANSTEMI患者及评估其预后。     

急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者血浆N末端脑钠尿肽前体水平与全球急性冠状动脉事件注册评分的相关性研究

目的：探讨急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死（ ANSTEMI）患者血浆N末端脑钠尿肽前体（ NT－proBNP）水平与全球急性冠状动脉事件注册（ GRACE）评分的关系。方法2010年1月—2013年10月连续入选在宁德市医院心内科住院治疗的初发ANSTEMI患者156例,根据入院时GRACE危险分层将患者分为低危组（ GRACE评分＜85分）48例、中危组（ GRACE评分为85～133分）51例、高危组（ GRACE评分＞133分）57例。采用德国SIEMENS公司生产的Dimension自动检测仪测定患者血浆NT－proBNP水平,分析血浆NT－proBNP水平与GRACE评分间的相关性。结果低危组患者血浆NT－proBNP中位水平为439（134～915） ng／L,中危组患者血浆NT－proBNP中位水平为886（234～2488） ng／L,高危组患者血浆NT－proBNP中位水平为2320（278～10442） ng／L,高危组患者血浆NT－proBNP水平＞中危组＞低危组（ P ＜0.05）。 NT－proBNP取以10为底的对数（ lg ）转换为lgNT－proBNP后与GRACE评分做双变量相关分析,结果显示lgNT－proBNP与 GRACE 评分呈正相关（ r ＝0.52, P ＜0.05）。结论ANSTEMI患者血浆NT－proBNP与GRACE评分呈正相关,检测血浆NT－proBNP水平有助于快速筛查高危ANSTEMI患者及评估其预后。     

Relation of serum parathyroid hormone level to severity of heart failure

Increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) level is associated with all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). However its role for identifying advanced HF has not been previously studied. We aimed to investigate whether the assessment of serum PTH could enable clinicians to identify patients with advanced HF. One hundred fifty consecutive patients who visited our outpatient clinic with systolic HF were enrolled in the present study. Serum levels of PTH and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were measured across all New York Heart Association functional classes. Mean levels of PTH were 43 ± 19, 84 ± 56, 121 ± 47, and 161 ± 60 pg/ml in New York Heart Association functional classes I, II, III, and IV, respectively (p <0.001). In univariate analysis, body mass index, disease duration, PTH, BNP and hemoglobin levels, creatinine clearance, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular diastolic diameter, left atrial size, presence of atrial fibrillation, and diuretic usage were found to be predictors of advanced HF. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, PTH level (hazard ratio 1.032, 95% confidence interval 1.003 to 1.062, p = 0.003) and body mass index (hazard ratio 0.542, 95% confidence interval 0.273 to 1.075, p = 0.079) were associated with advanced HF. Furthermore, serum PTH levels were correlated with BNP level and left ventricular ejection fraction (p <0.001 for the 2 comparisons). In receiver operator characteristics curve analysis, the optimal cut-off value of PTH to predict advanced HF was >96.4 pg/ml, with 93.3% sensitivity and 64.2% specificity. In conclusion, measurement of serum PTH could provide complementary information and a simple biomarker strategy to categorize patients with advanced HF based on increased PTH levels, allowing rapid risk stratification in these patients.     

Correlation between serum levels of microRNA-21 and inflammatory factors in patients with chronic heart failure

As the leading cause of hospitalization and mortality worldwide, heart failure (HF) has caused significant burden on both individuals and the whole society. Thus, increasing knowledge about the phytopathology of HF is in demand for both diagnosis and treatment. Previous studies have shown that both microRNA 21 (miRNA-21) and inflammatory factors are closely related to the development of cardiac fibrosis, hypertrophy, and HF. However, whether there is any crosstalk between the 2 has not been examined. The current study evaluated the correlation between serum levels of miRNA-21 and critical inflammatory factors during the progress of chronic heart failure (CHF), providing new insights in understanding the physiopathology of CHF and identifying CHF biomarkers. In the presented study, serum level of miR-21, cardiac neurohormone, and critical inflammatory factors were measured and compared on 120 (67 male/53 female) CHF patients and 100 (58 male/42 female) health people with non-failing hearts. Echocardiography was also conducted to assess the severity of CHF. Correlations between different factors were calculated and tested for statistical significance. From our results, CHF patients showed significantly decreased serum levels of miR-21 while increased levels of inflammatory factors and cardiac neurohormone (P < .05). Levels of miR-21 negatively correlate with cardiac function while positively correlates with myocardial remodeling (P < .05). Levels of miR-21 negatively correlate with inflammation in CHF (P < .05). These findings indicate the potential crosstalk between serum miR-21 and inflammation during CHF progression, suggesting the potential of miR-21 in CHF diagnosis, severity indication, and treatment.     

微量白蛋白尿与慢性心力衰竭的关系

目的探讨微量白蛋白尿（microalbuminuria,MAU）与慢性心力衰竭之间的关系。方法选择98例慢性心力衰竭患者,按照纽约心脏协会（New York Heart Association,NYHA）心功能分级标准分为心功能代偿组（NYHAⅠ级）、心功能失代偿组（NYHAⅡ-Ⅳ级）。选择同期正常体检者共52名作为对照组。测定并比较3组肌酐、肾小球滤过率（GFR）、尿白蛋白肌酐比（urinary albumin／creatinine ratio,UACR）、MAU、脑钠肽（BNP）、左心室射血分数（LVEF）、左心室舒张末内经（LEVDd）水平。结果心功能失代偿组（NYHAⅡ-Ⅳ级）患者UACR明显增高,各组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;心功能失代偿组MAU较其他两组明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）：心功能代偿组与对照组比上述指标比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论MAU浓度与心功能分级有关,可以用于临床评估心力衰竭的严重程度。     

血清甲状旁腺素水平与急诊PCI慢复流、室性心律失常的相关性与预测价值

目的 探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者血清甲状旁腺素（PTH）水平与急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）术中慢复流、围手术期（急诊室至术后72h）室性心律失常（VAs）的相关性与预测价值。 方法 连续性入选112例因STEMI接受急诊PCI治疗的患者,利用二分类Logistic回归分析模型评估PTH与慢复流及VAs是否独立相关,绘制ROC曲线评价其预测价值。 结果 PTH是介入术中慢复流（OR=5.768, 95%CI: 1.808-18.402, P<0.01）及围手术期中高危VAs（OR=18.278, 95%CI: 4.881-68.445, P<0.01）的独立预测因子,预测慢血流的ROC曲线下面积（AUC）为0.737 (95%CI: 0.634-0.841, P<0.01),其截断点为PTH=65.5pg/ml,灵敏度75%,特异度72%;预测VAs时,AUC为0.837 (95%CI: 0.759-0.914, P<0.01),截断点为PTH=61.9pg/ml,灵敏度82%,特异度73%。 结论 血清PTH水平与STEMI患者急诊PCI术中慢复流及围手术期VAs有一定相关性,并有较好的预测价值。     

血清甲状腺激素水平对肺心病合并右心衰竭患者的临床意义

目的：研究分析肺心病合并右心衰患者的血清三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、四碘甲状腺原氨酸(T4)等甲状腺激素检测的临床意义。方法选取本院收治的96例肺心病合并右心衰患者作为观察组,另选50例健康体检对象作为健康组,检测并比较两组人群的甲状腺激素水平并进行比较分析,并依据观察组患者的心功能分级进行分层分析。结果观察组患者的 T3、T4、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)水平显著的低于健康组患者且差异均具有统计学意义(P <0.05),观察组和健康组的促甲状腺激素(TSH)、甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TGAb)、甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)水平与健康组差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)。心功能Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级患者的 T3、T4、FT3、FT4显著的低于Ⅳ级心功能患者(P <0.05);观察组心功能Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级心功能患者的TSH、TGAb、TPOAb 水平差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)。结论肺心病合并右心衰患者的血清甲状腺激素水平较正常人群发生显著的改变,并且与患者的心功能具有一定的关系。     

慢性充血性心衰者血清生长激素与肿瘤坏死因子水平变化及意义

目的：研究慢性充血性心力衰竭（CHF）患者血清生长激素（GH）及肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）的含量变化及意义。方法：应用放射免疫法测定36例CHF患者及30例健康体检者的血清GH及TNF-α含量,并比较两组的含量。结果：与健康体检者比较,CHF患者血清GH[（1.91±0.67）ng/ml∶（4.87±1.64）ng/ml]、TNF-α[（19.23±6.78）fmol/ml∶（44.64±19.48）fmol/ml]浓度显著升高（P〈0.01）;TNF-α水平随心功能分级增高而增高,心衰各组间差异显著（P〈0.05~0.01）。结论：结果提示血清生长激素和肿瘤坏死因子α均与心衰的发生和发展有关,肿瘤坏死因子α与心功能状态有关。     

High dose topical calcipotriol consistently reduces serum parathyroid hormone levels

OBJECTIVE Calcipotriol is a vitamin D analogue which is an effective topical treatment for chronic plaque psoriasis. It has been reported to have no effect on systemic calcium homeostasis provided the manufacturer's guidelines are adhered to (maximum 100 g of calcipotriol ointment (50 μg/g) per week). However, there have been reports of hypercaicaemla in patients using topical caicipotriol even at recommended doses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of topical calcipotriol in vivo using the recently developed ‘intact’ PTH assay as a more sensitive index of systemic calcium homeostasis. DESIGN AND PATIENTS Seven patients with extensive psoriasis were recruited for the study. Each patient was admitted to hospital and applied 200 g 01 calcipotrlol (50 μg/g) ointment over the first week followed by 300 g over the second week. in the third week of treatment, patients were treated with 2% crude coal tar which served as a biochemical washout phase. MEASUREMENTS Serum total adjusted calcium was measured at baseline and three times a week during the study. Twenty-four-hour urinary calcium excretion was measured at baseline and twice a week throughout the study. Peak (0400 h) and trough (0900 h) PTH levels were measured at baseline and at the ends of weeks 2 and 3. RESULTS Serum PTH levels were reduced in every patient after 2 weeks' treatment with caicipotriol and rose after withdrawal. Mean 0400 h PTH fell by 2·58pmolli (95% confidence interval 1·45–3·70) from 5·11 to 2·53 pmol/l (P < 0·01) and mean 0900h PTH fell by 2·08 pmol/l (0·84–3·36) from 4·04 to 1·96 pmol/l (P < 0·01). Mean serum and urine calcium rose during treatment with calcipotriol and fell after withdrawal. Mean adjusted total calcium rose by 0·14mmol/l (95% confidence interval 0·10–0·16) from 2·25 to 2·39 mmol/l (P < 0·01). Mean 24 hour urine calcium excretion rose by 2·09 mmol/24h (0·51–3·26) from 3·40 to 5·49 mmol/24h (P < 0·05). No patient developed hypercalcaemia at any stage of the study although hypercalciuria was recorded transiently in three patients. CONCLUSION Topical calcipotriol is likely to have a dose dependent effect on systemic calcium homeostasis.