骨架表面改性对SiC/Al复合材料性能的影响

采用挤压铸造法制备了SiC/Al双连续相复合材料,并对增强体SiC泡沫陶瓷骨架进行了表面改性处理,研究了网络骨架的表面粗化和表面涂覆K2ZrF6对骨架和双连续相SiC/Al复合材料性能的影响.结果表明:随着粗化时间的增加,SiC陶瓷骨架表面的粗化程度增大.粗化时间为12 min时骨架表面粗化最佳,而且保持了骨架的致密结构.SiC陶瓷骨架表面粗化增加了骨架筋的表面积,加强了界面的机械结合;SiC陶瓷骨架表面涂覆K2ZrF6,提高了基体纯铝对SiC陶瓷骨架的润湿,改善了复合材料中增强体与基体间界面的结合,增强了材料的三维连续性,提高了复合材料的力学性能.骨架表面涂覆K2ZrF6的复合材料的界面结合得最好,复合材料的强度最高,为纯铝基体的5倍.     

TiB2对铜-石墨基复合材料性能的影响

TiB2与铜-石墨基复合材料的界面结合及TiB2在基体中的分布是影响复合材料性能的重要因素.为提高材料的强度和电导率,用镀铜TiB2制备复合材料.通过金相显微镜和扫描电镜观察材料的显微组织,并测试其电导率.结果表明,在粒度细小的镀铜TiB2表面均匀包覆金属铜,在压制压力和烧结温度合适的条件下,复合材料的组织均匀,致密性好,TiB2在铜-石墨基体中弥散分布,铜基体形成连续三维网络结构,这种组织形态使复合材料的电导率和强度明显提高.     

碳含量对反应烧结SiC/B4C力学性能的影响（英文）

采用渗硅反应烧结工艺制备了SiC/B4C复合材料,并研究了碳含量对复合材料的力学性能及微观结构的影响。结果表明,SiC/B4C复合材料的力学性能(硬度、抗弯强度、韧性)随着碳含量的增加呈先增强后减弱的趋势。在碳含量为10vol%的条件下,复合材料的综合性能最佳,其硬度、抗弯强度和韧性分别为19.63 Gpa、358 MPa和3.96 MPa?m1/2。此外,当碳含量不足10vol%,复合材料的组织随碳含量增加均匀性提高;当碳含量超过10vol%,显微组织均匀性变差,并且添加碳粉后,复合材料由沿晶、穿晶混合断裂向穿晶断裂转变,最终导致SiC/B4C复合材料力学性能的改变。     

三维网络SiC对铝合金干摩擦磨损性能的影响

用销-盘式高温摩擦磨损实验机研究了LF3铝合金及三维网络SiC(体积分数分别为10％、20％、30％)增强LF3铝基复合材料的干摩擦磨损性能，测量了复合材料及基体合金在室温和高温(25-300℃)条件下的摩擦系数和磨损率，用扫描电镜(SEM)观察其磨损表面，研究了三维网络SiC对铝合金磨损机制的影响．结果表明：复合材料的干摩擦磨损性能远优于基体合金(LF3)，而且随着温度的升高，复合材料的抗磨损性能明显提高．三维网络SiC在磨损表面形成硬的微凸体起承载作用，同时其独特的结构制约基体合金的塑性变形和高温软化，并保护在磨损表面形成的氧化膜．在相同实验条件下，复合材料的摩擦系数、磨损率随着增强体的体积分数的增加而降低．复合材料的摩擦系数在滑行过程中的稳定性明显高于基体合金．     

搅拌铸造SiCp/2024复合材料热挤压-轧制变形组织及性能

利用搅拌铸造-热挤压-轧制工艺制备SiCp/2024复合材料薄板。通过金相观察(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)及力学测试等手段研究了该复合材料在铸态、热挤压态及轧制态下的显微组织及力学性能,分析了材料在塑性变形过程中显微组织及力学性能的演变。结果表明,该复合材料铸坯主要由80～100μm的等轴晶组成,粗大的晶界第二相呈非连续状分布,SiC颗粒较均匀地分布于合金基体中;热挤压变形后,晶粒沿挤压方向被拉长,SiC颗粒及破碎的第二相呈流线分布特征;轧制变形后,基体合金组织进一步细化,晶粒尺寸为30～40μm,SiC颗粒破碎明显,颗粒分布趋于均匀,轧制变形对挤压过程中形成的SiC颗粒层带状不均匀组织有显著的改善作用。数学概率统计指出,塑性变形有利于提高颗粒分布的均匀性。力学测试表明,塑性变形后,复合材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率显著提高。SiCp/2024铝基复合材料主要的断裂方式为:合金基体的延性断裂、SiC颗粒断裂及SiC/Al界面脱粘。     

碳纤维增强Al-4.5Cu复合材料的凝固组织、偏析及性能的研究

铸造金属基复合材料的凝固决定着材料的机械性能.本文中研究了凝固冷却速率对CF/Al-4.5Cu复合材料的显微组织、偏析及机械性能的影响.实验结果表明,挤压铸造CF/Al-4.5Cu复合材料凝固过程中,α-Al相首先在纤维间隙中开始形核,并逐渐向纤维表面生长,而共晶θ-Al₂Cu相依附CF表面形核并长大.随着凝固冷却速率的降低,θ相的形态从块状转变为颗粒状,析出量逐渐减少,Cu元素显微偏析逐渐降低,复合材料的抗弯强度逐渐提高.另外,CF/Al-4.5Cu复合材料由于其强的界面结合力,其断裂特征为脆性断裂,断口形貌表现为平切型.     

正挤压对SiCw/6061Al晶须形貌的影响

为了研究正挤压加工对SiCw/6061Al复合材料晶须形貌的影响规律,通过改变挤压温度、挤压比等工艺条件正挤压成形了挤压铸造法制备的15vol.%SiCw/6061Al复合材料,利用SEM技术观察和分析了正挤压加工前后复合材料的微观组织形貌.研究表明:正挤压加工导致SiC晶须沿着复合材料的塑性流动方向呈现出一定程度的定向排列趋势,并伴随有比较明显的折断现象;挤压温度、挤压比等工艺参数都是影响SiC晶须形貌的主要因素.     

铝基复合材料薄带中SiC分布均匀性的研究

本文研究了用双辊铸机生产的SiCp/A356复合材料薄带中SiC的分布规律,着重分析了SiC颗粒的体积分数(3%～16%)和薄带的铸造速度(0.5～10m/min)对SiC颗粒分布均匀性的影响,结果表明,较高的SiC含量或较高的铸造速度均可抑制薄带表面贫SiC层的形成。     

SiCp/AZ91D镁基纳米复合材料的室温拉伸行为及塑性变形机理

为得到高强度和高塑性的镁基复合材料,通过高能超声分散法和金属型重力铸造工艺制备了SiC纳米颗粒分散均匀的SiCp/AZ91D镁基纳米复合材料,并进行T4固溶热处理和室温拉伸。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)对试样拉伸后的显微组织和塑性变形机理进行观察与研究。结果表明:T4态SiCp/AZ91D镁基纳米复合材料室温下抗拉强度达到296 MPa,伸长率达到17.3%。经室温拉伸变形后复合材料基体微观组织中出现了大量的孪晶和滑移,孪生和滑移是复合材料塑形变形的主要机制。在室温拉伸过程中,α-Mg基体中SiC纳米颗粒周围形成高应变场,高应变场内形成大量位错和堆垛层错,这些位错和堆垛层错在拉伸应变的作用下演变成大量的滑移带和孪晶,这是SiCp/AZ91D镁基纳米复合材料在室温下具有高塑性的微观塑性变形机理。     

碳含量对反应烧结SiC/B_4C力学性能的影响(英文)

采用渗硅反应烧结工艺制备了SiC/B4C复合材料,并研究了碳含量对复合材料的力学性能及微观结构的影响。结果表明,SiC/B4C复合材料的力学性能(硬度、抗弯强度、韧性)随着碳含量的增加呈先增强后减弱的趋势。在碳含量为10vol%的条件下,复合材料的综合性能最佳,其硬度、抗弯强度和韧性分别为19.63 Gpa、358 MPa和3.96 MPa?m1/2。此外,当碳含量不足10vol%,复合材料的组织随碳含量增加均匀性提高;当碳含量超过10vol%,显微组织均匀性变差,并且添加碳粉后,复合材料由沿晶、穿晶混合断裂向穿晶断裂转变,最终导致SiC/B4C复合材料力学性能的改变。     

Effect of ultrasonic vibration on the grain refinement and SiC particle distribution in Zn-based composite filler metal

Refining the matrix microstructure of the composite is an effective method to avoid severe reinforcement particle pushing by the advancing solid–liquid interface during solidification. The effect of the ultrasonic vibration, which was injected into the melt at various stages of solidification, on the grain refinement and particle distribution in a Zn-based solidified composite filler metal was investigated. Perfect grain refinement was obtained with the application of continuous ultrasonic vibration. However, severe particle pushing by the sound radiation pressure was observed, resulting in serious particle segregation. Uniform distribution of SiC particles as well as grain refinement was obtained when proper intermittent ultrasonic treatment was applied.     

SiCP/AZ80镁基复合材料的界面与断口特征

本文用SEM,TEM研究了SiC颗粒增强AZ80镁合金复合材料的界面结构和断口形貌。结果表明,SiC颗粒与镁合金界面结合紧密,没有发生界面化学反应,但在界面处可以观察到Mg₁₇Al₁₂共晶相在SiC表面形核生长。对复合材料断口观察表明,SiC颗粒与镁合金界面之间的粘结强度大于基体的撕裂强度,SiC颗粒的聚集、团聚是导致复合材料断裂的主要原因,且复合材料的断裂形式趋向脆性断裂。     

激光作用下SiCP/A356 复合材料的快凝组织形成

对SiC 颗粒增强Al-Si 复合材料以及Al-Si 合金进行激光表面重熔处理, 分析了SiC 颗粒在快速凝固条件下的分布规律以及SiC 颗粒对合金基体凝固行为的影响。结果表明: SiC 颗粒不会被快速移动的凝固界面所推移; 颗粒对基体凝固组织中的相组成无影响, 但对凝固初生相的晶体生长有抑制作用。从颗粒与合金熔体的交互作用角度对实验结果进行了讨论。      

SOLIDIFICATION BEHAVIOR OF AI-Li-SiCp MMCs PROCESSED USING VARIABLE CO-DEPOSITION OF MULTI-PHASE MATERIALS

In the present study, the effect of matrix solidification on the resulting size and distribution of SiC particulates during spray atomization and co-deposition was investigated. The microstructure of the spray deposited materials was characterized as a function of cross-sectional thickness for a single experiment, as well as for different processing variables for distinct experiments. In order to assess the effect of SiC particulates on the microstructural evolution during processing, the unreinforced Al-Li material was also studied. Regarding the interaction of SiC particulates with the solidification front, the present results show that the kinetic and thermodynamic models commonly used to describe the behavior of ceramic particulates during solidification do not give adequate results when applied to the conditions present during spray atomization and deposition. Instead, an alternate criterion based on mechanically driven engulfment during spray atomization and deposition is proposed. The microstructural studies were accomplished using scanning microscopy, optical microscopy and image analysis. Finally, the observed microstructural features and the computed thermal and solidification conditions of the atomized matrix are discussed concurrently.     

原位观察不同冷却速率下GH3625合金的凝固过程

利用带有红外加热炉的共聚焦激光扫描显微镜(CLSM)对GH3625高温合金在不同冷却速率(30℃/min、100℃/min和200℃/min)下的凝固过程进行了动态原位观察,通过差示扫描量热分析仪(DSC)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)研究了凝固后的组织形态及相的析出规律。结果表明,GH3625合金的液相线温度在1 356.5℃,在凝固过程中自由表面液相分数随温度和时间的变化关系满足Avrami方程;凝固过程中主要相的析出顺序依次为γ基体相、碳化物和Laves相;在GH3625合金凝固过程中,随着冷却速率的增大,枝晶细化,枝晶间距减小,成分偏析减轻,Laves相分布更加弥散,且以析出共晶Laves相为主;凝固末期大量的Nb元素富集在枝晶间和晶界,这是形成Laves相的主要原因。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of cast (Al–Si)/SiCp composites produced by liquid and semisolid double stirring process

Abstract

A stirring process containing two steps, i.e. liquid and then semisolid stirring, was used to produce SiC particle reinforced aluminium matrix composites. The major advantages of this process are that full wetting of SiC particles by molten aluminium can be readily achieved at relatively low stirring rates, and undesirable Al₄ C₃ is not formed at the Al/SiC interface due to lower processing temperatures. Cast Al–Si matrix composites reinforced with 15 and 20 vol.-%SiC particles were produced in the present work. The mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated under the conditions of investment mould casting and heat treatment. For the composites obtained without employing semisolid stirring, the aggregation of SiC particles observed in the microstructure of composites resulted in quite poor mechanical properties. Observations and analyses indicated that some Al/SiC interfaces were very clean, and a reaction product of spinel MgAl₂O₄ was also found at some Al/SiC interfaces. Silicon dioxide (SiO₂ ) was found to exist on the surface of as purchased and 250°C dried SiC powders. This SiO₂ is involved in the spinel reaction at the interface between the SiC particles and the matrix in the present Al/SiC composites.     

Aging Strengthening in Rapidly Solidified Cu-Cr-Sn- Zn Alloy

It is known that the strength of alloys can be successfully improved by rapid solidification. The paper presents a process where Cu-Cr-Sn-Zn lead frame alloy is produced by rapid solidification and aging. The microcrystalline structure of rapidly solidified Cu-Cr-Sn-Zn alloy is smaller grain structure examined by optical metallography. The effects of aging processes on the microstructure and properties of the lead frame alloy were investigated. Aged at 500°C for 15 min the fine coherent precipitates Cr dist...     

Cu-Cr二元合金宏观偏析与温度场的数值模拟

Cu-Cr材料是两相复合材料,铬粒子通常以嵌入在铜基体中的形式存在,凝固过程中存在着严重的偏析现象,进而对凝固温度场的分布产生影响.为分析Cr相偏析对温度场分布的影响,基于Eulerian-Eulerian方法,建立了三维凝固偏析模型,利用Fluent模拟计算,偏析模型采用浓度梯度"SCr和分布面积梯度▽SCr来表示,得到了Cu-6.5%Cr的凝固偏析分布和温度场分布.结果表明:由于Cr的熔点比较高,当tt_a时,Cr先发生侧向凝固,形成糊状区;同时,Cr相的密度比Cu小,内部Cr相会发生上浮,向合金顶部移动;当tt_a时,顶部的Cr会大量聚集,形成顶部偏析,两侧Cr相"困"于糊状区,形成壁面偏析;随着凝固界面横向推移,壁面偏析对壁面温度场的分布产生影响,Cu的传热系数是Cr的3.85倍,随着Cr相偏析度的增加,降低了基体壁面的传热效率,导致温度梯度变大.研究工作将模拟结果与实验结果进行了对比,证明了模型的准确性.     

Perovskite-type BaTiO3 ceramics containing particulate SiC: Part II Microstructure and mechanical properties

Microstructure and mechanical properties of BaTiO3 and BaTiO3-based composites containing nanosized SiC particulates were investigated. Fracture behaviour and fractography were also discussed from the fracture surface observation by scanning electron microscopy and by the controlled surface flaw method. The added SiC particulates were uniformly distributed within the matrix BaTiO3 grains, with some larger particulates located at the BaTiO3 grain boundaries. The microstructure of BaTiO3 was modified by incorporation of the SiC particulate. Mechanical properties, particularly the fracture strength, were remarkably improved by adding the SiC particulate, owing to grain-size reduction and/or crystal structure change by incorporating the SiC. From the fracture surface observations, it was confirmed that the subcritical crack growth phenomenon of BaTiO3 was also improved by the nanosized SiC dispersions.