基于MODIS数据的雪面温度遥感反演

通过对Planck函数在低温范围内进行线性化,改进了针对MODIS数据的实用性分裂窗算法,建立了基于MODIS数据的中纬度地区雪面温度遥感反演方法。以环青海湖地区为研究区进行了算法应用,取得了较理想的效果。验证并分析了雪面温度与海拔高度的负相关关系。通过对下垫面相对均一的3个样区进行分析,讨论了雪面温度与归一化积雪指数的关系,并提出了“NDSI-Ts空间”的概念。     

基于IDL的MODIS 1B数据雪面温度反演

对MODIS数据的分裂窗算法进行了简要介绍,通过交互式数据语言(IDL)编程,实现了直接利用MODIS lB数据的雪面温度反演,并将反演结果存贮为标准的HDF文件格式,以供其他软件使用。以我国新疆北部(北疆)为例,将该算法的反演结果与气象站雪面温度观测资料进行对比,结果表明:系统反演得到的雪面温度分布规律与气象观测资料是一致的,反演的平均误差为1.73℃,基本反映了北疆地区的雪面温度分布情况。     

MODIS数据东湖叶绿素a遥感反演研究

以武汉东湖为研究区域,利用MODIS数据和地面准同步叶绿素a浓度实测数据,建立适合东湖水体的叶绿素a浓度遥感定量估算模型,从而分析MODIS数据应用于内陆湖泊水体叶绿素a浓度反演的可行性。     

MODIS影像雪深遥感反演特征参数选择与模型研究

在综合分析已有研究成果的基础上,选择MODIS遥感影像,借助灰色系统理论,结合观测站实测雪深数据,选择雪深反演特征参数,构建反演模型,并定义多元回归模型的综合评价系数,进而从构建的多个回归模型中,选择出雪深反演最优模型。     

基于波谱知识库的MODIS叶面积指数反演及验证

目前用物理模型反演叶面积指数普遍存在缺少先验知识的状况，如何获得准确的先验知识是遥感走向应用的一个关键环节。中国典型地物标准波谱数据库就是结合国家重大行业中的应用需求，研究制定地物波谱获取与分析的技术规范和数据标准，建立典型地物标准波谱数据库。从波谱数据库提取模型反演所需要的先验知识，实现了基于SAIL模型的MODIS数据（经过几何纠正与大气纠正）叶面积指数的反演。另外，基于TM数据，对MODIS混合像元进行了分解，用纯像元的叶面积指数与实测数据进行对比验证，同时，反演结果与NASA的LAI产品也进行了对比，结果表明基于波谱库的先验知识可以有效的提高叶面积指数的反演精度。     

基于MODIS遥感数据的水体提取算法研究

针对MODIS遥感数据采用多波段普间关系算法提取水体容易与阴影混淆,产生提取不精确的问题。作者将对多波段普间关系水体提取算法进行研究,并以鄱阳湖为实验对象,使用改进后的多波段普间关系算法对水体进行提取。实现提升水体提取精度的目标。     

利用MODIS数据分析山东半岛陆面温度的季节变化

探讨了MODIS数据的地表温度反演方法——分裂窗算法,该算法仅需要两个基本参数,大气透过率和地表比辐射率。这两个参数都可从同一景MODIS图像数据中直接反演出来,并保持较高的反演精度。利用该算法,反演了山东半岛的地表温度,并分析了该地区地表温度的季节变化和城市热岛强度。     

基于MODIS数据的上海市热岛效应的遥感研究

对2000,2005,2011年MODIS L1B数据,采用分裂窗算法定量反演了上海市地表温度,对上海市的热岛空间分布特征及规律,以及季节变化进行研究,分析了植被覆盖指数与地表温度之间的关系。研究结果表明,从2000年到2011年的11年间,上海高温区面积出现先增大后减小的过程。从高温区的四季分布来看,冬季高温区出现面积最小,而春夏高温区的面积最大,约占整个上海面积的一半。上海的春夏秋3季,植被指数与地面温度呈负相关关系,且相关系数大于0.6。因此可以通过增加绿化面积来减缓上海城市热岛效应。     

基于MODIS 数据的悬浮泥沙定量遥感方法

以黄海及东海海域为对象,研究用MOD IS数据提取我国海域悬浮泥沙时空分布的定量遥感方法,建立了基于MOD IS数据的悬浮泥沙定量遥感实用模式。研究表明,用250 m和1 000 m分辨率的MOD IS数据进行悬浮泥沙浓度的定量遥感,可以达到实际应用的精度要求。这说明,MOD IS数据是研究近岸水体中悬浮物输运变化规律的一种经济实用数据源。     

MODIS数据的海洋表面温度反演

以黄海及东海海域为对象,研究用MODIS数据提取我国海域海洋表面温度的方法,建立了适合于我国海域的MODIS海洋表面温度遥感实用模式。研究表明,此算法的反演精度比较高,用这种模式计算的海面温度可较真实地反映海洋表面温度分布状况。由于同一天可以获取同一地区的上午和下午两景MODIS数据,因此MODIS数据在探测海洋现象方面具有独特的优势。     

基于MODIS雪盖数据的北疆雪深多元非线性回归克里金插值

为了提高北疆地区雪深时空分布监测的准确性,以该区域48个气象站点2006年12月—2007年1月的月平均雪深观测数据为基础,通过分析月均雪深空间自相关性及其与经纬度、高程的相关性,结合MODIS雪盖数据构建了多元非线性回归克里金插值方法,插值获得了北疆地区较高精度的雪深空间分布数据。将插值雪深数据与普通克里金插值法、考虑高程为辅助变量的协同克里金插值法的预测结果进行比较,结果表明:1相对普通克里金和协同克里金方法,多元非线性回归克里金法的12月份雪深预测精度分别提高了15.14%和9.54%,1月份的提高了4.8%和6.7%;2由于充分利用了经纬度和地形信息,多元非线性回归克里金法的雪深预测结果可提供更多细节信息;3预测结果客观地表达了雪深随经纬度和地形变化的趋势,反映了积雪深度的空间变异性;4基于不显著相关的协变量高程的协同克里金插值法预测的雪深数据精度劣于普通克里金插值法的预测结果。     

MODIS数据北京城区热岛监测分析

随着城市化进程的深入,热岛效应问题越来越严重,从而影响城市及周边地区的生态环境与气候,因此备受人们的重视。本文从2000年—2007年724幅1km分辨率的MODIS地表温度产品中选取64幅质量较好,可以代表春、夏、秋、冬四个季节的昼夜影像,制作地表温度图和选取感兴趣区域分析北京城区热岛效应。结果表明,北京市城区温度明显高于周围地区,夏季夜间最高达到3.7℃,秋季白天相对热岛强度较大,夏季、冬季夜间热岛强度要大于白天,尤其冬季较为明显。     

A radiance-based split-window algorithm for land surface temperature retrieval: Theory and application to MODIS data

The split-window algorithm is the most commonly used method for land surface temperature (LST) retrieval from satellite data. Simplification of the Planck’s function, as an important step in developing the SWA, allows us to directly relate the radiance to the temperature toward solving the radiative transfer equation (RTE) set. In this study, Planck’s radiance relationship between two adjacent thermal infrared channels was modeled to solve the RTE set instead of simplification of the Planck’s function. A radiance-based split-window algorithm (RBSWA) was developed and applied to Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. The performance of the RBSWA was assessed and compared with three most common brightness temperature-based split-window algorithms (BTBSWAs) by using the simulated data and satellite measurements. Simulation analysis showed that the LST retrieval using RBSWA had a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.5 K and achieved an improvement of 0.3 K compared with three BTBSWAs, and the LST retrieval accuracy using RBSWA was better than 1.5 K considering uncertainties in input parameters based on the sensitivity analysis. For application of RBSWA to MODIS data, the results showed that: 1) comparison between LST from MODIS LST product and LST retrieved using RBSWA showed a mean RMSE of 1.33 K for 108 groups of MODIS image covering continental US, which indicates RBSWA is reliable and robust; 2) when using the measurements from US surface radiation budget network as real values the RMSE of the RBSWA algorithm was 2.55 K and was slightly better than MODIS LST product; and 3) through the cross validation using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer LST product, the RMSE of the RBSWA algorithm was 2.23 K and was 0.28 K less than that of MODIS LST product. We conclude that the RBSWA for LST retrieval from MODIS data can attain a better accuracy than the BTBSWA.     

基于MODIS数据的天山北坡经济带雪深反演研究

根据实测雪深不同的积雪反射光谱值分析雪深和积雪反射率的关系,探讨利用MOD IS数据反演雪深的可行性和反演雪深的MOD IS最佳通道。利用2004年12月至2005年3月的MOD IS数据,以天山北坡经济带为实验区,结合该区域实测雪深数据、气象台地面雪深观测记录建立雪深反演数学模型,分析雪深空间分布特征对农业开发具有重要意义。     

A GIS-based method for defining snow zones: application to the western United States

This study maps the geographic extent of intermittent and seasonal snow cover in the western United States using thresholds of 2000–2010 average snow persistence derived from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer snow cover area data from 1 January to 3 July. Results show seasonal snow covers 13% of the region, and intermittent snow covers 25%. The lower elevation boundaries of intermittent and seasonal snow zones increase from north-west to south-east. Intermittent snow is primarily found where average winter land surface temperatures are above freezing, whereas seasonal snow is primarily where winter temperatures are below freezing. However, temperatures at the boundary between intermittent and seasonal snow exhibit high regional variability, with average winter seasonal snow zone temperatures above freezing in west coast mountain ranges. Snow cover extent at peak accumulation is most variable at the upper elevations of the intermittent snow zone, highlighting the sensitivity of this snow zone boundary to climate conditions.     

A case study for intercomparison of land surface temperature retrieved from GOES and MODIS

In recent years, algorithms have been developed to derive land surface temperature (LST) from geostationary and polar satellite systems. However, few works have addressed the intercomparison between Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) and the available suite of polar sensors. In this study, differences in LSTs between GOES and MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) have been compared and also evaluated against ground observations. Due to the lack of split-window (SW) channels in the GOES M (12)-Q era, a dual-window algorithm using a mid-infrared 3.9 µm channel is compared with traditional SW algorithm. It is found that the differences in LST between different platforms are bigger during daytime than those during nighttime. During daytime, LSTs from GOES with the dual-window algorithm are warmer than MODIS LSTs, while LSTs from the SW algorithm are close to MODIS LSTs. The difference during daytime is found to be related to anisotropy in satellite viewing geometry, and land surface properties, such as vegetation cover and especially surface emissivity at middle infrared (MIR) channel. When evaluated against ground observations, the standard deviation (precision) error (2.35 K) from the dual window algorithm is worse than that (1.83 K) from the SW algorithm, indicating the lack of split-window channel in the GOES M(12)-Q era may degrade the performance of LST retrievals.     

基于MODIS数据的湖北省油菜种植分布信息提取

MODIS归一化差值植被指数(MODIS-normalized difference vegetation index,MODIS-NDVI)时间序列产品能够连续反映植被的覆盖情况,是农作物遥感测量的重要数据源。为研究基于MODIS数据的油菜种植分布信息提取技术,选取湖北省为研究区,利用2008—2013年75个时相的MODIS-NDVI时序数据,结合农作物物候和地面调查样本等辅助资料,通过建立油菜种植面积提取模型,采用多次阈值比较方法提取了2009—2013年湖北省油菜种植分布信息,与统计数据比较,总体提取精度为85%左右。最后利用环境小卫星HJ-1A CCD数据进行精度验证,证明了MODIS-NDVI时序数据及本文方法在油菜种植面积提取中的可靠性,对掌握油菜种植面积和产量信息、加强农业生产管理、调整农业结构及辅助政府有关部门制定科学合理的农业政策具有重要意义。     

基于Landsat数据地表特征参数与地表温度关系

以成都市为研究区,定量分析了各地表特征参数与地表温度之间的线性关系。通过对地表温度与归一化植被指数(NDVI)、归一化建筑指数(NDBI)、归一化水汽指数(NDMI)进行局部区域逐像元分析和总体区域统计分析,结果表明NDVI,NDMI,NDBI与地表温度间都存在明显的线性关系,可用于说明地表温度的动态变化,在3月份,NDMI与地温的相关性更优于NDVI。对传统城市热现象研究中,NDMI与NDBI能够用来以NDVI作为分析地表温度随季节而变化的互补的度量标准。     

2000年以来长江河口海表温度变化MODIS分析

通过优化劈窗算法,建立适合长江口水域的海表温度反演模型,利用2000年至2012年的Terra-MODIS LIB晴空数据进行海表温度反演,得到长江口13年海表温度数据集,分析长江流域进入河口的水沙变化后河口水域海表温度的年际变化和季节性变化。结果表明:长江口海表温度主要受太阳辐射影响,温度场的空间分布由口内至外海呈现阶梯性变化。受海域潮流上溯和径流下泄的影响,口内口外的海表温度表现出不同的季节性变化特征:冬季,口外高口内低;夏季,则口外低,口内高。伴随着冬季流域进入河口的径流量增加,长江口口外海域的冬季海表温度也出现下降趋势。     

Accuracy assessment of MODIS/Terra snow cover product for parts of Indian Himalayas

Snow cover mapping is important for snow and glacier-related research. The spatial and temporal distribution of snow cover area is a fundamental input to the atmospheric models, snowmelt runoff models and climate models, as well as other applications. Daily snow cover maps from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra satellite were retrieved for the period between 2004 and 2007, and pixels in these images were classified as cloud, snow or snow-free. These images have then been compared with ground snow depth (SD) measurements from the four observatories located at different parts of Himalayas. Comparison of snow maps with in situ data showed good agreement with overall accuracies in between 78.15 and 95.60%. When snow cover was less, MODIS data were found to be less accurate in mapping snow cover region. As the SD increases, the accuracy of MODIS snow cover maps also increases.