基于灰度形态重构的颗粒图像分割方法

提出了一种基于距离变换、形态重构和分水岭算法的图像分割算法。将一幅图像通过距离变换得到距离灰度图,与形态重构算法结合,得到颗粒图像的标识点图,用标识点图对距离灰度图进行分割,再用分水岭变换对分割后的距离灰度图进行变换。试验表明,该算法能有效合理地解决粘连或者重叠颗粒等物体的分割。     

基于图割和分水岭变换的图像分割方法

为了解决分水岭变换在图像分割中的过分割现象和提高图割在图像分割上的速度,提出了一种基于图割和分水岭变换相结合的图像分割算法。首先对图像进行分水岭变换,将图像分割成多个小区域;然后利用每个区域内的像素平均信息代替每个像素信息,构造简化的网络图;最后利用图割算法实现网络图分割,产生最终分割结果。实验结果表明:本文算法既能解决分水岭变换所产生的过分割现象,又能提高图像分割的速度。     

基于FCM和标记分水岭的粘连岩石颗粒图像分割

模糊C均值算法可利用图像的多种特征值进行准确的图像分割,但不能分割粘连物体;传统的分水岭分割算法能够获得准确的物体边缘轮廓,但容易造成过分割.为了解决这个问题,提出基于FCM和标记分水岭的粘连图像分割.该方法首先对原始彩色图像中值滤波后进行基于LUV颜色空间的FCM聚类;对聚类后的图像用形态学方法去杂质、空洞填充后进行距离变换;然后根据距离变换图像找出局部最大值,得到种子图像;最后对距离变换图像进行基于标记的分水岭分割,得到最终的分割图像.该方法对粘连岩石颗粒图像进行分割,取得了较好的实验效果.     

基于分水岭变换和主动轮廓模型的舌体轮廓图像分割

舌体轮廓的图像分割是计算机辅助舌诊系统进行图像分析的前提条件.提出了一种基于分水岭变换和主动轮廓模型相结合的自动轮廓分割算法.采用了分水岭变换的结果作为主动轮廓模型算法的初始曲线.在分水岭变换中,通过引入标记函数和强制最小值技术解决了传统分水岭变换可能导致的过分割问题;同时,在保证分割质量的基础上,通过降采样的方法来提高分割速度.算法对678例临床舌像进行了分割,正确分割率为96.9%.     

多尺度形态梯度和标记分水岭的时频谱图分割

时频谱图干扰强,目标之间、目标与干扰之间有重叠,其分割是重要而困难的问题.提出一种基于图像熵定义的时频谱图多尺度形态梯度图像融合方法,将该方法与标记分水岭分割结合形成一种基于多尺度形态梯度和标记分水岭的时频谱图分割方法.实验结果表明,与基于单尺度形态梯度和标记分水岭的分割方法相比,新方法实用性更强;与Otsu法相比,新方法分割更准确.     

应用叶片图像分割与特征融合的复杂背景植物识别方法

针对复杂背景的存在性,通过图像分割处理消除复杂背景因素对植物识别的负面影响.提出一种基于形态学变换的标记分水岭算法,对植物叶片进行重建的开闭操作,并使用标记分水岭算法对其进行分割.识别测试纹理与形状特征提取方式,了解图像分割算法对复杂背景消除的有效性.结果表明:提出的算法能有效分割复杂背景叶片.     

基于分水岭和扩展的遥感影像分割方法研究

提出了一种新的影像分割方法。方法利用Meanshift算法对原始影像进行预处理,再运用分水岭标记算法获得初始分割结果,得到独立的影像斑块。以每一个斑块作为一个结点构建一幅图,应用图割理论中的α扩展原理对所构建的图进行多类分割。由于充分利用分水岭算法和α扩展理论的优点,新方法分割结果具有更高的准确性,并有相应的实验证明该方法的有效性。     

基于AFM图像的分割方法的研究

该文针对AFM图像的特点,提出了一种基于内部标记的分水岭分割算法.首先利用LoG滤波器对图像进行滤波并通过二值化得到内部标记图像,然后利用最小标定技术得到外部标记图像,最后使用分水岭分割算法得到最后的分割图像.实验结果表明,该算法能够有效地对图像进行分割.     

基于小波变换和数学形态学的图像分割算法

传统的分水岭变换由于对噪声和细密纹理的敏感会产生严重的过分割现象,为了克服这种缺点,提出了一种基于小波变换和数学形态学的图像分割算法.该方法首先利用小波变换去除红外图像的混合噪声,利用形态学开闭重建运算消除梯度图像中由于灰度非规则扰动和噪声引起的局部极值;最后通过采用基于前景和背景标记的分水岭分割算法进行分割.仿真实验表明,该算法可以实现更好的分割效果,不需要再进行后续的合并处理就能够得到较为理想的结果.     

基于形态学滤波的标记分水岭脑肿瘤图像分割

针对MRI(magnetic resonance imaging)脑肿瘤图像受噪声、磁场和容积效应等影响难以准确分割的问题,提出了一种基于形态学滤波的标记分水岭分割方法.首先对脑肿瘤图像进行形态学梯度预处理;其次,梯度图像进行开闭重建滤波,既保留脑肿瘤梯度图像的轮廓信息,又去除噪声和局部极小区域;再次,采用扩展的极值变换和强制最小技术得到内部和外部标记符,利用这些标记符修正梯度幅度图像;最后,对叠加标记后的梯度图像进行分水岭变换.利用Matlab对类圆形、三角形等不同亮度与形状特点的3幅临床MRI脑肿瘤图像进行分割仿真测试,实验结果表明,该算法有良好的分割精度和速度.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.