CT导引下聚桂醇硬化治疗肾囊肿

目的 评价CT导引下聚桂醇硬化治疗肾囊肿的临床效果。方法 回顾性分析2019年1月至2021年12月在上海市第六人民医院东院接受CT导引下肾囊肿穿刺硬化治疗的50例（52枚）肾囊肿患者临床资料。术前完善出凝血功能、肝肾功能及增强CT检查，排除禁忌病例，确定治疗体位和聚桂醇用量。术中使用Bard 18 G活检针穿刺抽液，囊液吸净后用0.9%氯化钠溶液40～100 mL冲洗1～2次，注入聚桂醇泡沫硬化剂（氧气和聚桂醇按1∶1配比）。参照WHO实体瘤疗效评价标准评价硬化治疗效果。结果 所有患者肾囊肿穿刺一次成功。囊肿大小范围为4.3～12 cm，抽出囊液40～900 mL，颜色淡黄或清亮。囊肿内注入聚桂醇泡沫剂15～60 mL。抽吸硬化治疗全程顺利，患者均无并发症发生。术后所有患者临床症状明显好转或消失。术后3、6个月随访显示，总显效率、有效率分别为71.15%、98.07%。结论 CT导引下聚桂醇硬化治疗肾囊肿创伤小、操作简单、费用低、住院时间短、效果显著，可替代外科手术治疗。尤其是对肾上极囊肿硬化治疗，CT导引优于超声导引。     

超声引导穿刺注入聚桂醇硬化治疗子宫内膜异位囊肿疗效观察

目的评价超声引导下穿刺注入聚桂醇硬化治疗子宫内膜异位囊肿的疗效。方法对25例27个囊肿行超声引导下穿刺注入聚桂醇硬化治疗,6个月后观察疗效。结果超声引导下穿刺注入聚桂醇硬化治疗子宫内膜异位囊肿疗效显著,治愈率85.2%,总有效率96.3%。结论超声引导下穿刺注入聚桂醇硬化治疗子宫内膜异位囊肿为一种操作简单方便、疗效好、可重复性强、并发症少的方法,值得临床广泛推广。     

双针技术在甲状腺胶质样囊肿聚桂醇硬化治疗中的应用北大核心CSCD

目的 观察双针技术在甲状腺胶质样囊肿聚桂醇硬化治疗中的应用。方法 纳入龙岩市第一医院甲状腺胶质样囊肿患者80例,随机分为2组,每组40例。一组采用双针技术进行聚桂醇囊肿硬化治疗(双针组),另一组采用单针穿刺进行聚桂醇囊肿硬化治疗(单针组)。观察治疗后两组患者囊腔体积变化、疗效及不良反应。结果 术前2组患者年龄、性别、结节部位及结节体积差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。术后1、3、6、12个月,双针组患者囊腔体积分别为(12.10±1.92)、(10.69±7.63)、(10.51±6.50)和(10.66±5.95)cm^(3),单针组患者囊腔体积分别为(13.18±2.08)、(16.47±11.51)、(14.41±10.99)和(13.41±10.89) cm^(3),差异有统计学意义(t=3.577、3.557、3.293、3.099,均P<0.05)。双针组有效率为90%(36/40),单针组有效率为72.5%(29/40),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.02,P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.125,P>0.05)。结论 双针技术在甲状腺胶质样囊肿聚桂醇硬化治疗中效果好于单针技术,值得临床推广使用。     

超声导引穿刺无水乙醇硬化治疗老年良性甲状腺囊肿疗效观察

目的探讨超声导引穿刺无水乙醇硬化治疗老年良性甲状腺囊肿的疗效和不良反应。方法根据治疗方法,从2014年3月~2016年6月在我院就诊的非手术适应证患者中随机抽取40例作为无水乙醇硬化组,40例聚桂醇注射液治疗组,随访3个月后,对比二者疗效和不良反应发生情况。结果无水乙醇组总有效率为95.74%,聚桂醇组总有效率为95.83%,2组总有效率对比,差异无统计学意义(t=0.458,P=0.647);无水乙醇组不良反应发生率为32.5%,聚桂醇组不良反应发生率为15%,2组之间差异有统计学意义。结论超声引导无水乙醇硬化治疗老年良性甲状腺囊肿疗效好,值得推广使用,但要注意不良反应的发生。     

超声引导下聚桂醇与无水乙醇硬化治疗单纯性肝囊肿的疗效及不良反应的比较

目的 对超声引导下聚桂醇与无水乙醇硬化治疗单纯性肝囊肿的疗效及不良反应进行比较.方法 选取接受治疗的单纯性肝囊肿患者56例进行研究,治疗时间为患者经单双号随机分组为对照组与观察组.对照组患者接受超声引导下无水乙醇硬化治疗,观察组给予患者超声引导下聚桂醇硬化治疗,比较其临床疗效与发生不良反应的情况.结果 两组患者的临床总治愈概率比较无明显差异,P ＞0.05,观察组患者腹痛腹胀、恶心呕吐、醉酒样反应发生概率较对照组低,P＜1.05,发热与出血发生概率比较,P＞0.05.结论 超声引导下聚桂醇与无水乙醇硬化治疗单纯性肝囊肿均可获得较为理想的临床疗效,但聚桂醇产生的不良反应较少.     

超声引导肝癌裸鼠模型瘤体内注入聚桂醇实验研究

目的 对比研究聚桂醇、无水乙醇及生理盐水经超声介入硬化治疗荷瘤肝癌模型的作用效果,探讨聚桂醇能否成为治疗原发性肝癌的新型硬化剂.方法 取BALB/C裸鼠30只及人肝癌HepG2型细胞系构建裸鼠肝癌模型,将18只造模成功荷瘤裸鼠随机分为聚桂醇组(n=6)、无水乙醇组(n=6)及生理盐水组(n=6),分别向模型瘤体中央部位注入相应药物和生理盐水进行治疗实验,观察原发性肝癌状况;超声测量各组瘤体大小,计算肿瘤生长抑制率,苏木精-伊红染色观察瘤体超声影像学改变,镜下观察肿瘤内部及周围病理学改变.结果 实验鼠造模成功18只,皮下瘤体结节均肉眼可见.聚桂醇组和无水乙醇组肿瘤生长明显受抑制(瘤体缩小,1例完全消失),总有效率100％,肿瘤生长抑制率达77.13％,病理学检查见肿瘤组织大片坏死,细胞核固缩;生理盐水组瘤体体积随时间增加无缓解.结论 聚桂醇可抑制BALB/C裸鼠原发性肝癌模型,达到与无水乙醇相似的近期硬化效果,有望成为治疗肝癌的理想硬化剂.     

聚桂醇注射液与无水乙醇超声引导下治疗肝血管瘤疗效比较

目的 探讨聚桂醇注射液与无水乙醇超声引导下经皮穿刺治疗肝血管瘤的临床疗效与安全性.方法 60例肝血管瘤患者随机分为无水乙醇组和聚桂醇组,每组30例,对比两组患者临床疗效及不良反应发生率.结果 每组临床疗效对比差异无统计学意义(P=0.489,P＞0.05),无水乙醇组不良反应发生率明显高于聚桂醇组,差异有统计学意义(x2=5.963,P=0.03,P＜0.05).结论 超声引导下经皮穿刺聚桂醇注射液与无水乙醇治疗肝血管瘤临床疗效相当,但聚桂醇组不良反应少,疼痛率低,患者耐受性好,此治疗方法值得临床推广应用.     

多层螺旋CT导向下经皮肾穿刺硬化治疗肾囊肿的临床价值

目的：探讨多层螺旋CT（MSCT）导向下经皮肾穿刺硬化治疗肾囊肿的方法及疗效。方法：经MSCT或MRI诊断的91例107个肾囊肿在MSCT导向下经皮穿刺抽吸、冲洗后注入无水乙醇（99.7%）,注入量为抽出囊液量的25%~30%。须多次抽吸冲洗,直至抽出液清亮。术后螺旋CT跟踪随访1年,评价其疗效。结果：本组107个囊肿穿刺成功率100%,其中71个囊肿在治疗后消失,34个囊肿较治疗前缩小,2个囊肿未见改变。治疗有效率98.1%。所有病例均未出现严重并发症。结论：MSCT引导下经皮肾穿刺硬化治疗肾囊肿是一种安全有效的治疗方法,有重要的临床应用价值。     

无水酒精硬化治疗63例甲状腺囊性结节的疗效分析

甲状腺的单纯性囊肿比较少见,一般多为复杂性囊肿,其多数是由结节性甲状腺肿及甲状腺腺瘤液化而来,以往采用手术治疗方法的较多。现在我们在超声引导下应用PTC针及无水酒精对63例各类甲状腺囊性结节进行穿刺、抽吸、硬化治疗,取得满意疗效,现将结果报告如下。1材料与方法本组63例甲状腺囊性结节患者,其中男性15例,女性48例,平均年龄44岁。结节性甲状腺肿囊性变患者52例,甲状腺腺瘤囊性变患者9例,单纯性囊肿2例;单纯性囊腔18例,囊肿内带少量分膈者32例,囊肿内带分膈者并残存组织较多者13例。术前检查病变部位与周边组织无浸润,病变区无明显…     

超声引导下应用无水乙醇和聚桂醇治疗单纯性肝、肾囊肿的疗效分析

目的：对比分析应用无水乙醇和聚桂醇治疗单纯性肝、肾囊肿的疗效和安全性。方法将81例单纯性肝、肾囊肿分为无水乙醇治疗组（30例）、聚桂醇治疗组（51例）,行超声引导下硬化治疗,对比观察疗效及不良反应。结果随访6个月后,两组在疗效上对比无统计学意义（P>0.05）,不良反应率聚桂醇组（9.8%）与无水乙醇组（40%）相比有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论聚桂醇在单纯性肝、肾囊肿硬化治疗中安全、有效,是无水乙醇的有效替代品。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.