给水处理中的混凝设施新进展

综述了给水原水处理中的混凝设施的最新进展情况,在此基础上对水厂旧混凝设施的改造和新絮凝设施的发展提出了看法。     

通信用电调微波带通滤波器的研究现状

电调微波带通滤波器广泛用于微波多信道接收机和电子对抗系统.介绍了电调微波带通滤波器的研究进展.针对电调滤波器的设计、结构和性能,综述了调谐原理、电调元件、微波实现、通带特性等,并对电调微波带通滤波器的未来发展进行了展望.     

新型卷烟滤咀材料——丙纶的开发

论证了新型卷烟虑嘴材料开发的必要性和丙纶替代二醋酯纤维的可能性;介绍了国内外研制发展概况以及对丙纶作为卷烟过滤材料生产技术路线和经济性进行了比较;同时还阐述了今后我国在发展这种新材料应有对策方面的意见。     

生物絮凝剂对水中染料絮凝效果探讨

本文报导了ＮＡＴ型生物絮凝剂对水溶液中几种典型染料的絮凝效果及影响脱色的因素。水中的阳离子，如钙离子显著促进染料的絮凝，在１００ｍＬ试验染料溶液中，适宜的ＣａＣｌ２量是０．７－７．０ｍＬ（１０％ＣａＣｌ２溶液）。另外，菌液量和染料种类也对絮凝能力有影响。在菌液量对染料去除率（脱色率）曲线上脱色率趋于稳定处对应的菌液絮凝的染料为０．７－２２．５ｍｇ／ｍＬ。用本实验室开发的ＮＡＴ型生物絮凝剂絮凝直接黑染料生产废水其脱色率可达到６０％。     

滤饼内过滤比阻分布存在极值问题的探讨

本文以文献压缩透过试验数据为基础,推导出过滤比阻极小值α_(z,min)和临界空隙率ε_(zc)的计算公式,讨论了不同ε_(zc)下α_z分布可能出现的情况。并指出一般情况下,过滤比阻α_z的幂定律近似是有效的;仅当临界空隙率ε_(xc)小于滤饼表面空隙率ε_1时,α_z的幂定律关系才无效,但这类物料至今未见报道。     

莫来石-堇青石质冶金用陶瓷过滤器的研制

采用了纳米复合材料技术,以合成耐火原料为主要原料,以纳米级材料作为改进添加剂,采取塑性混合、均化坯料、挤压成型、微波干燥、净尺寸烧结等工艺措施,研制出表面开孔率60～80%、抗压强度＞25MPa、热膨胀系数＜6×10-6/℃、使用温度在1400～1850℃的陶瓷过滤器产品,且达到了良好的使用效果.     

压滤机在铬盐生产中的应用

介绍几种压滤机在铬盐生产中的应用及其特性,并根据使用情况,对设备生产厂家提出了一些建议,以供参考改进。     

关于过滤理论与滤饼可压缩性的探讨——第一部分表层过滤的特性和沉降的密切关系

从料浆沉降和过滤成饼两个角度同时研究过滤速率和成饼速率以及滤饼的渗透率和可压缩性,提出了更为全面的滤饼比阻关系式。证明滤饼渗透率首先和料浆的浓度及沉降速度有关,因此和料浆的预处理及料浆的化学环境密切相关。明确了滤饼都是可压缩的,其可压缩性分为两大类：滤饼中颗粒的位移、迁移和团聚颗粒的变形,由于它们的被压缩的机理不同,所以和有关因素的相关关系也不同,分析和论述了主要的关系。全文分为两大部分,相对独立。但本文不涉及滤饼的压榨     

烟用聚丙烯丝束三叶型截面形状对卷曲性能的影响

通过对三叶型截面烟用聚丙烯丝束中单根纤维卷曲形变过程的分析，认为三叶型截面的尺寸与单根纤维的刚度直接相关，因而对丝束的卷曲性能及丝束成品质量有重大影响，并指出了降低单根纤维刚度的有效途径。     

SIMULATION OF NUCLEATION KINETICS: THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE KINETIC ORRECTION FACTOR FOR THE URVIVAL THEORY

From several simulations of nucleation kinetics, the number of surviving nuclei were found to differ from that predicted by the survival theory. This difference led to the development of a kinetic correction factor to be applied to the survival theory. This correction factor depends upon the relaxation behavior of the nucleation rate which in turn depends upon the supersaturation and the distribution function of the disturbance. This study was extended to non gaussian shaped disturbance functions     

THEORY OF THE BEHAVIOR OF GLASSWARE IN SERVICE*

The most important characteristic of a piece of glassware such as a bottle or a jar is its serviceability, that is, the amount of use which can be obtained from it. In the case of glassware which is subject to repeated re-use, this serviceability may be thought of in terms of length of life, measured either by months or years, if the service is uniform, or measured by the number of trips successfully undergone if it is not. The termination of the serviceability of such glassware is due to breakage, and breakage in turn is, in the vast majority of cases, due to impact. But a piece of glassware may survive many severe impacts, only to succumb to a comparatively minor one. Impact alone is not the whole story. Glassware must be prepared for breakage by undergoing a process of use and abuse during which the surface is scratched, abraded, and otherwise damaged and thus rendered vulnerable to the final stroke. In the present paper the assumption is made that in nearly all cases breakage involves two separate and independent processes, the “vulnerating” process and the final impact. On this assumption a mathematical treatment is evolved which yields a mortality curve showing the relation between the rate of breakage and the service age of a given installation of glassware. This curve has been found to represent quite accurately the results of a service test on glass tumblers conducted in an actual restaurant. Impact strength, as determined by laboratory tests, declines with service age in a way consistent with the above assumption. These strength data, furthermore, may be correlated with the results of the service test. Additional data are being secured from other service tests now in progress.     

EFFECTS OF DOSING AND MIXING CONDITIONS ON POLYMER FLOCCULATION OF CONCENTRATED SUSPENSIONS

A simple monitoring technique has been used to derive information on Hoc growth and break-up in agitated clay suspensions of quite high solids content (1 and 3% w/v), under the influence of a high molecular weight cationic polymer. For fairly low polymer dosages and high mixing speeds floe growth in the 3% suspensions can be very fast initially, but the floes rapidly break up and do not re-form, even when the stirring speed is subsequently reduced. By reducing the mixing speed very soon after polymer dosing (typically after a few seconds), the break-up can be prevented and floes maintained at larger sizes. This effect is much less apparent for 1% solids suspensions, where longer periods of rapid mixing can be tolerated without significant floe break-up.

For the higher solids case, great improvements in flocculation can be achieved by modifying the polymer dosing procedure—either by adding the solution over an extended period or by dosing a more dilute solution. These changes have much less effect at the lower solids concentration.     

化学降解对聚丙烯烟用丝束生产及纤维结构与性能的影响

用MI较低、MWD较宽的聚丙烯TY6100树脂为原料,生产聚丙烯烟用丝束(PPCT)。对分别采用热氧降解、热降角和化学降解的聚丙烯树脂(PP)的可纺性进行了试验,对PPCT纤维结构、力学性能、卷曲性能进行了测试分析。结果表明:化学降解能有效地改善原料的可纺性及PPCT纤维的结构性能,提高PPCT的质量。     

选择性絮凝在煤炭分选中的应用

介绍了选择性絮凝分选原理和选择性絮凝在煤炭分选中的应用研究。结果表明,该法既可对极细粒煤泥进行分选,又可制备洁净燃料,还可脱除单体解离的微细粒黄铁矿。用选择性絮凝对极细粒煤泥分选后,可得灰分１２％～１３％的精煤,可燃体回收率在９０％以上;两产品灰分差为５０％左右。制备洁净燃料时精煤灰分可小于３％,可燃体回收和产率均在９０％左右,最高值分别为９５．８８％和９４％。脱硫时,黄铁矿硫可从５．６９％降到０．５％以下,而且脱硫的同时可以脱灰,灰分可由１２．３％降至３％以下。     

中置活性炭滤池工艺消毒副产物的控制

中置活性炭滤池采用不同消毒工艺进行试验,考察其对出水消毒副产物的控制情况。结果表明,预臭氧投加量过大可能导致消毒副产物超标。在预臭氧投加量为0.3 mg/L时,后续处理采用中置曝气活性炭滤池,在砂滤池前加氯,可保证出水消毒副产物满足要求。当耐氯性微型水生动物难以控制时,可采用后臭氧消毒,臭氧投加量在1.0mg/L内,同时砂滤池后投加氯辅助消毒,既能控制消毒副产物,又可保证管网水质生物稳定性。     

多孔陶瓷及过滤器在过滤技术中的应用

本文系统介绍了多孔陶瓷过滤元件的主要特点及过滤机理，陶瓷器的组装结构及其在过滤、分离技术中的应用     

絮凝沉淀+BAF工艺处理煤矿废水及回用

采用絮凝沉淀加BAF工艺处理某大型煤矿废水,使出水水质优于生活杂用水水质标准CJ 25.1-89,COD稳定在30 mg·L-1以下,SS质量浓度稳定在10 mg·L-1以下,水回用率达100%。运行结果表明,采用该工艺处理煤矿废水并回用,在技术和经济上可行。     

国外制氢技术的新进展

论述了新开发的硫化氢制氢工艺（ＨＹＳＵＬＦ）的原理、优点、操作条件、对环境的影响和经济性；分析了重质烃进行水蒸汽转化制氢过程中重质烃进料的影响；介绍了该工艺技术的改进、所用的催化剂以及现有装置和新建装置采用这些技术的方式。     

超微细曝气-电絮凝法在印染废水处理中的应用

应用先进的超微细曝气法和电絮凝法处理高浓度印染废水,处理效果显著。此外,对运行成本进行了分析。