REBa2Cu3O7-δ晶体生长和REO1.5-BaO-CuOx相图

REO1.5-BaO-CuOx系统的氧化物超导体从材料成分的角度,可分为REBa2Cu3O7-δ化合物(如YBa2Cu3O7-δ,简称YBCO或Y123)和RE1+xBa2-xCu3O7-δ固溶体(如Nd1+xBa2-xCu3O7-δ和Sm1+xBa2-xCu3O7-δ,简称NdBCOss和SmBCOss).YBCO超导材料非常容易获得精确化学计量比的123成分.而后者,作为固溶体材料的NdBCOss和SmBCOss,成分、结构和性能完全取决于晶体生长的热力学参数.本研究通过提拉法研制REBa2Cu3O7-δ单晶体,并结合REO1.5-BaO-CuOx系统的三元相图特征,讨论REBa2Cu3O7-δ单晶体生长中的成分、结构和性能的控制.     

X射线荧光光谱分析陶瓷标准样品的研制

简要叙述了一套17种陶瓷标准样品的研制方法和制作过程,并对烧成试样进行了EPMA和X射线荧光光谱分析研究。结果表明:烧成试样与古瓷胎具有相近的物相结构(或基体),且胎体致密度高、吸水率低,主成分分布均匀(X射线束斑直径为2mm,α=0.05),完全能够满足用作陶瓷标准样品的技术要求。预期可将这套标准样品用于古瓷胎中Na2O,MgO,Al2O3,SiO2,K2O,CaO,TiO2和Fe2O3等主成分的X射线荧光光谱定量分析,保证为古陶瓷研究和科学鉴定提供准确、可靠的分析数据。     

波长色散X射线荧光光谱法测定长石主次量组分

采用高温熔融制样,X射线荧光光谱法同时测定长石中的SiO2、Al2O3、CaO、MgO、Na2O、K2O、Fe2O3、TiO2、Cr2O3等主次量元素.通过选用长石、叶腊石、高岭土及土壤等标准样品,并在标样中引入分析纯TiO2、Cr2O3,解决了长石成分分析标准样品不足的问题.采用理论α系数和经验系数校正法克服了谱线重叠干扰和基体效应影响.测定长石各组分的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=10)均小于5％,方法检出限为1.21-97.33μg/g,测定值与化学分析法结果吻合.     

Al3O3N纳米线的制备与表征

在H2+Ar混合气氛中加入少许N2+O2气氛,采用直流电弧等离子体法制备了Al3O3N纳米线.用XRD,SEM,TEM,HRTEM测定了纳米线的成分、形貌特征、显微结构等.Al3O3N纳米线直径分布为25-110 nm,长度达5.5μm.Al3O3N纳米线是尖晶石结构.另外,对Al3O3N纳米线的生长机理进行了研究.     

用纯铁氧化法生长的铁氧化物样品的拉曼光谱研究

用显微拉曼光谱对纯铁氧化法生长的新铁氧化物材料进行了结构鉴认和成分分析。实验和分析清楚地证明样品的顶层长出了纳米结构的α—Fe2O3,中间层的主要成分是Fe3O4,底层在测量时很可能是与α—Fe2O3相近的成分。     

SHS等离子喷涂制备FeAl2O4-Al2O3-Fe纳米复合涂层的研究

利用SHS等离子喷涂技术,将经过机械团聚法制备的Fe2O3-Al复合粉体送入等离子焰流,沉积出厚度约为400 μm的复合涂层.利用XRD,SEM 和TEM等检测手段对涂层的成分和组织进行了分析,测定了涂层的显微硬度、断裂韧性以及耐磨性.结果表明涂层为具有纳米结构的FeAl2O4-Al2O3-Fe纳米复合组织;涂层的显微硬度为HV100g870;断裂韧性是普通Al2O3涂层的2倍;无润滑磨损的耐磨性是普通Al2O3涂层的2.5倍.     

Li_2O-WO_3二元系熔融钨酸盐原位拉曼光谱研究

本文利用原位高温拉曼光谱技术并结合量子化学从头计算方法研究了Li2O-WO3二元系钨酸盐熔体中稳定存在的结构单元随成分变化的趋势,给出了其在不同成分下微结构的具体模型,并对其主要振动模式进行了归属。研究表明成分不同会导致四面体基团聚合形成不同长度的链状,且Li2O与WO3摩尔比越小,也即WO3的含量越多,其链的长度越长;结合量子化学从头计算理论分析,认为当熔体的摩尔比为1∶1、1∶2、1∶3以及1∶4时,对应的阴离子基团模型分别为[WO4]2-、[W2O7]2-、[W3O10]2-和[W4O13]2-,其中[W2O7]2-、[W3O10]2-和[W4O13]2-分别由两个、三个、四个[WO4]2-以共顶形式连接而成。     

远紫外光谱遥感反演热层O/N2技术研究

磁暴会引起热层中性成分O和N2的显著变化。为研究热层中性成分随磁暴的变化规律,利用TIMED卫星搭载的全球紫外成像仪探测数据,借助AURIC完成了观测角和太阳天顶角归一化,提出了一种热层O/N2的反演方法。通过O/N2追踪太阳风暴的发生过程,分析了2002年9月29日到10月4日的O/N2数据发现受磁暴影响O/N2发生衰减,且衰减范围由极区向赤道方向延伸。     

BaB_2O_4-K_2O和BaB_2O_4-K_2B_2O_4赝二元系相图的研究

用X射线衍射和差热分析方法研究了BaB_2O_4-K_2O和BaB_2O_4-K_2B_2O_4赝二元系的相平衡关系。BaB_2O_4-K_2B_2O_4属共晶体系,共晶温度为850±3℃,共晶点成分为45mol％K_2O。在BaB_2O_4-K_2O赝二元系中,一新化合物5BaB_2O_4·3K_2O在903±3℃同成份熔化,它与BaB_2O_4形成共晶体系,共晶温度为813±3℃,共晶点成分为25mol％ K_2O。另一新化合物在860±3℃由包晶反应形成,并与K_2O形成共晶体系,共晶温度为788±3℃,共晶点成分约为67.5mol％K_2O。     

基于La_(1.4)Ca_(1.6)Mn_2O_7结构、电输运及磁性研究(英文)

我们制备了名义成分是La1.4 Ca1.6 Mn2 O7的多晶样品,并且研究了它的结构、磁性和电性.利用Rietveld方法对X射线衍射数据进行精修的结果表明,该La1.4 Ca1.6 Mn2 O7是由钙钛矿锰氧化物La0.66 Ca0.34 MnO3和氧化钙CaO组成的复相混合物.其中,La0.66 Ca0.34 MnO3占相成分的大部分,而CaO占小部分.我们对比了该名义组分样品La1.4 Ca1.6 Mn2 O7和La0.7 Ca0.3 MnO3的铁磁居里转变温度和绝缘体-金属转变温度,结果表明该La1.4 Ca1.6 Mn2 O7的磁输运性质是由其中的钙钛矿相成分决定的.所有的这些结果表明,名义组分样品La1.4 Ca1.6 Mn2 O7实际上并没有形成所谓的Sr3Ti2O7型的双层结构,而实际形成的是以钙钛矿结构作为主相的复相混合物.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.