圆柱体出筒过程头型对流体动力的影响

针对圆柱体出筒过程头型对流体动力特性的影响,采用多相流Mixture模型、Singhal空化模型和标准的k-ε湍流模型的方法,并结合动网格技术,求解混合介质RANS方程,实现了圆柱体运动的动边界与流场的流体-固体耦合求解.以此为基础,对有重力影响下的3种头型的圆柱体出筒过程和流体动力特性进行了数值模拟,分析了头型对圆柱体出筒过程中水弹道及其流体动力特性的影响,以及圆柱体压差系数、粘性系数和总力系数变化规律及波动原因.得到模型Ⅲ出筒过程中流体动力变化较小和水弹道比较稳定的结论,为工程实际应用提供有意义的理论指导.     

筒口气团作用下航行体垂直出筒数值研究

潜射航行体出筒过程是水下发射的基础与前提,具有受力剧烈、时间短和非线性等特点。基于CFD方法,利用VOF多相流模型追踪气液界面,结合高分辨率交界面捕捉(HRIC)与重叠网格(零间隙)技术,建立了完整描述航行体水下垂直出筒的数学模型,系统研究了筒口气团与发射参数对流场与航行体载荷特性的影响规律。结果表明：随着筒口气团初始压强的增加,航行体受力变化周期增长,筒口气团演化过程减慢;发射深度的增加有助于缩短出筒过程中筒口气团脉动周期,肩部压强增加,有利于抑制航行体自然空化;横向来流会显著增加航行体横向受力与偏转力矩;横向流作用下,筒口气团脉动过程对航行体偏转力矩与横向受力影响较大。     

超空泡航行体转弯运动多相流场特性

为研究超空泡航行体转弯运动过程中多相流特性的变化规律,基于有限体积法和VOF多相流模型求解RANS方程,并结合动网格技术,对超空泡航行体转弯运动过程进行了非定常数值模拟研究.通过将数值模拟结果与基于Logvinovich独立膨胀原理的计算结果进行对比,验证了数值模拟方法的有效性.利用数值模拟方法分析了航行体模型的转动中心对航行体转弯运动过程中空泡形态演化过程的影响,并且研究了转弯运动的轨迹半径对航行体流体动力的影响.结果表明:采用动态网格的数值模拟方法可以更好地对超空泡航行体转弯运动的空泡形态进行仿真,航行体的转动中心对航行体的转弯半径内侧还是外侧表面先出现沾湿区域有重要影响;航行体的流域环境在重力和惯性力的共同作用下使得超空泡尾部形态呈倾斜的双涡管分布;转弯运动过程中,航行体表面刚出现沾湿区域的时候,航行体流体动力会出现一个小幅度波动,随着沾湿区面积的增加,流体动力逐渐趋于平稳,转弯运动的轨迹半径对航行体流体动力有重要影响,转弯半径越小,影响越大.     

航行体水下点火三维流场数值模拟

采用三维网格和VOF(Volume of Fluids)多相流模型,对非轴对称、X型舵的航行体水下点火这一非稳态过程进行了三维流场数值模拟,捕捉了燃气泡的形成、发展及断裂过程,得到了航行体水下点火初期的流场变化和阻力变化,并进行了相关因素探讨和结果对比分析。研究表明,燃气泡的发展变化过程对航行体流场和阻力产生影响。该研究可为航行体水下点火设计及试验提供参考。     

波浪模拟及其对水下航行体出水过程影响

为了研究波浪对水下航行体出水过程的影响,将二阶Stokes波的波面运动速度耦合到入射边界条件中,得到了与理论值吻合良好、精度较高的非定常数值波浪;研究了五级海情条件下,水下航行体模型水下垂直发射时波浪对其流场、力学特性等的影响.结果表明,水下航行体近水面时,受波浪引起的旋涡的诱导作用,航行体两侧附体旋涡位置、尺寸等差别...     

水下喷气推进高速射流场数值研究

为建立航行体点火初期尾部流场结构的预测方法,并揭示水下燃气喷射非定常流场与推进航行体运动的相互关系,以简化的潜射火箭为研究模型,采用流体体积法（VOF）两相流模型结合动网格方法对系留状态和运动状态下的燃气喷射流场进行数值模拟,分析了两种状态下燃气喷射形成的复杂流场结构.结果显示,喷气推进航行体在水下发射时,喷口附近形成复杂的流动结构和演化过程,并伴有较大的压力脉动产生;航行体加速运动导致的边界变化对燃气喷射流场产生较大的影响.     

水下航行体垂直发射过程气幕形态特性研究

采用VOF多相流混合模型和标准k-ε湍流模型对水下航行体气幕垂直发射过程中气幕形态特性进行了深入研究．研究了气幕的形态、长度和夹断点距离随马赫数的变化规律,与实验结果进行了对比分析,分析结果说明了本数值方法的正确性和可靠性．得到了气幕垂直发射过程中的气幕的长度和夹断点距离在Ma<1.1时随马赫增大逐渐增加, 而Ma≥1.1时,介于21～22之间的气幕夹断点距离随马赫数的增加而基本不再变化．获得的气幕形态轮廓随马赫数的增大而增大．     

发射筒口燃气压力波数值模拟及实验验证

文章利用气泡脉动理论对筒口燃气脉动规律进行了分析,采用VOF多相流模型和k-ε湍流模型,对导弹水下发射时筒口燃气脉动压力波进行了数值模拟,并利用实验数据进行了验证.结果表明,数值模型与实验数据比较接近,在一定程度上反映了筒口压力波的变化规律,为水下发射环境研究探索了一种新的方法.     

潜射航行体肩部通气流体动力特性数值研究

为研究潜射航行体肩部通气空泡流对其表面流体动力特性的影响,基于均质多相流理论、标准RNG k-ε模型、Singhal空化模型以及重叠网格技术,建立三维潜射航行体肩部通气模型,开展通气非定常空泡流演变过程数值模拟研究,对比了不同通气量下空泡流形态演化、表面压力分布以及阻力特性。结果表明:当通气量增加到一定值后,通气空泡流在融合前期其厚度与长度不断增大,后期其厚度和长度基本保持不变;当排气位置不变、通气量在一定范围的条件下,通气空泡内压增大,压差阻力系数和黏性阻力系数呈减小趋势。     

纵平面回转运动通气超空泡形态及压力特性

通气超空泡技术是提高水下航行体运动速度的一种新兴技术,为研究通气超空泡在航行体纵平面回转过程中的机动性问题,本研究基于有限体积法,采用VOF多相流模型和RNG k-ε湍流模型,利用数值模拟软件Fluent建立了非定常通气超空泡流动的三维计算模型.通过求解多相混合物的雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程,分析了空化器模型纵平面回转运动过程的非定常多相流动特性,得到了纵平面回转运动条件下通气超空泡的形态变化及其与空泡周围压力分布的关系.计算结果表明:通气超空泡在回转运动过程中受到离心力作用而产生弯曲变形,空泡轴线与航行体运动轨道有逐渐重合的趋势;向下回转时空泡最大直径逐渐减小,向上回转时最大直径逐渐增大;相较于向上回转运动,纵平面回转半径对向下回转运动的空泡形态存在较大影响,且空泡尾部闭合位置的偏转方向不一致,向下回转时空泡尾部发生外漂,向上小角度回转时空泡尾部发生内漂;由于离心力以及空泡轴向的逆压梯度限制,向上回转过程空泡长细比显著增大,向下回转过程空泡长细比缓慢减小.     

飞翼式碟形水下滑翔机流动与运动特性分析

为提高碟形水下滑翔机的水动力性能和滑翔经济性,提出一种新型飞翼式碟形自主水下滑翔机,采用计算流体力学中SST(shear stress transmission)湍流模型对其流体动力特性进行分析,得到其在0°~21°小攻角范围内升力系数、阻力系数、俯仰力矩系数以及升阻比的变化规律.并与模型实验结果进行对比,得出数值模拟结果与实验结果具有良好的一致性,验证了数值计算方法的有效性,且与传统水下滑翔机相比,飞翼式碟形自主水下滑翔机具有更优的综合水动力性能和滑翔经济性能.对于其运动特性,则基于多体动力学理论建立了该型水下滑翔机的动力学与运动学模型,并考虑了其内部纵向、横向调位滑块移动速度以及浮力驱动系统压载质量变化速度等调节变化的影响,代入数值仿真所得水动力系数,对该型水下滑翔机锯齿滑翔和螺旋滑翔等两种典型水下滑翔运动进行运动仿真.结果表明,该型水下滑翔机具有一定的运动稳定性,从理论上验证了其水下滑翔的可能.     

Trajectory Simulation for Underwater Vehicle with Power-Lunched

The motion of combustion gas bubble produced by underwater ignition was developed based on Rayleigh-Plesset equation. Combining the bubble motion equation with the underwater launched vehicle motion equation in the longitudinal plane, a trajectory simulation model with power-launched was established. The hydrodynamic characteristics of underwater ignition at different depths and the trajectory analysis of the underwater vehicle with power-launched were given by simulation. The simulation results have a good agreement with experimental results, and show that the thrust peak caused by underwater ignition and the stable thrust both decrease slightly with the increase of the water depth, and the thrust peak will decline obviously by enlarging the initial radius of gas bubble; the thrust peak generated at the instant of ignition and the low-frequency oscillation of the stable thrust have no significant influence on the trajectory of underwater vehicle.     

Numerical investigation of hydrodynamic tractor-retarder assembly under traction work condition

To obtain the performance characteristics of hydrodynamic tractor-retarder assembly under traction work condition,a numerical simulation model of flow channel was established and tetrahedron unstructur...     

液力变矩器轴向力的CFD计算与分析

为准确计算液力变矩器轴向力,提出了基于三维流场数值解的变矩器轴向力计算方法。计算中,利用CFD软件对液力变矩器三维流动控制方程进行数值求解,在数值模拟得到的变矩器内流场速度、压力数值解的基础上,进行轴向力计算。将新的轴向力计算方法应用于变矩器实例,将其计算结果分别与传统方法计算结果以及实验结果进行对比后可知,新方法计算误差明显减小。     

Maneuverability simulation of a mini autonomous underwater vehicle

In order to simulate the under water motion of a mini autonomous underwater vehicle( AUV) and an- alyze its maneuverability,the dynamical characteristic of the mini AUV was researched. The 6-DOF motion equations were founded. Through model experiment with accessory bodies,the hydrodynamics of AUV body including resistance,main inertial and viscous hydrodynamic coefficients was obtained. The hydrodynamics of rudders was gained through theoretical calculation. Simulation computation of the vehicle was carried out through numerical integration of the motion equations. A motion simulation system was constructed. Four typical maneuvers in horizontal and vertical planes were simulated and the maneuverability of the mini AUV was forecasted. The simulation results reflect the basic motion characteristic of mini AUV and validate the feasibility and correctness of the whole system. The simulation system can be a testing platform for the design and debugging of motion controller and an effective tool for the development of AUV.     

液力变矩-减速装置制动特性流场分析

为准确获取液力变矩-减速装置的制动特性,建立了某型液力变矩-减速装置制动工况下各叶轮及辅助液力减速器流道模型。运用CFD技术分析了液力变矩-减速装置泵轮、涡轮闭锁状态下在1000～2000r/min转速时的各叶轮及辅助液力减速器流道内部速度流线、压力场分布特点,并进行了制动特性仿真计算。仿真结果与实验结果对比计算误差在10%以内,表明仿真方法和仿真模型准确、可靠。     

Numerical computation and analysis of unsteady viscous flow around autonomous underwater vehicle with propellers based on sliding mesh

The flexible transmission shaft and wheel propeller are combined as the kinetic source equipment, which realizes the multi-motion modes of the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) such as vectored thruster and wheeled movement. In order to study the interactional principle between the hull and the wheel propellers while the AUV navigating in water, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is used to simulate numerically the unsteady viscous flow around AUV with propellers by using the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations, shear-stress transport (SST) k-w model and pressure with splitting of operators (PISO) algorithm based on sliding mesh. The hydrodynamic parameters of AUV with propellers such as resistance, pressure and velocity are got, which reflect well the real ambient flow field of AUV with propellers. Then, the semi-implicit method for pressure-linked equations (SIMPLE) algorithm is used to compute the steady viscous flow field of AUV hull and propellers, respectively. The computational results agree well with the experimental data, which shows that the numerical method has good accuracy in the prediction of hydrodynamic performance. The interaction between AUV hull and wheel propellers is predicted qualitatively and quantitatively by comparing the hydrodynamic parameters such as resistance, pressure and velocity with those from integral computation and partial computation of the viscous flow around AUV with propellers, which provides an effective reference to the study on noise and vibration of AUV hull and propellers in real environment. It also provides technical support for the design of new AUVs.