COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY OF INTRAVENTRICULAR MASSES

Computed tomographic (CT) findings in 51 cases of surgically and histologically confirmed intraven. tricular tumors were analysed. Meningiomas were most common in the trigone of the lateral ventricle in adults (84.2%), predominantly in adult females, appearing as hyperdense, well-defined, and homo genously enhanced masses. Astrocytomas frequent- ly thickened the septum pellucidum and generally involved the frontal horns and anterior portion of the body of the lateral ventricle. Ependymomas were most common in the fourth ventricle in children, presenting often as isodense and nonhomogeneously enhanced masses. Papillomas of the choroid plexus mainly involved the trigone of the lateral ventricle in children complicated by markedly communicative hydrocephalus, whereas in adults they were more frequently located in the fourth ventricle. Differen tial diagnosis of intra and extraventricular tumors and qualitative diagnosis of intraventricular tumors are discussed.     

脑脓肿的CT诊断

本文分析27例经手术证实的脑脓肿的CT表现,讨论了不同病理阶段的CT表现特点及病理基础,鉴别诊断。强调CT检查在预测脑脓肿不同病理阶段和临床选择最佳治疗方案中的重要性。     

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN DIAGNOSIS OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA

Computed tomography (CT) of 38 cases of pathologically verified hepatocellular carcinoma is analyzed. The main CT scan features were low density area and expanded tumor mass. Isodense tumor ma.ss was found in l. Calcifica- tion in low density area was shown in another case surviving 4 years after chemotherapy. The relative X-ray attenuation difference between noncancerous hepatic parenchyma and cancerous area was. approximately 201-25 HU. The majority of the cases were accompanied with liver cirrhosis. 21 (73.7%) showed spleen enlargement and 8 liver shrinkage with undulat- ing contour.     

星形细胞瘤急性大量出血的CT诊断

总结5例经手术、病理证实的星形细胞瘤合并瘤内出血的CT表现。依肿瘤质地不同,可分为实质、囊腔两型。其共同特征为出血征象与肿瘤征象并存。并探讨了与单纯性脑内血肿的鉴别诊断。此类病例,CT检查术前多数可作出明确诊断,对临床制定治疗方案有很大帮助。     

失语综合征的分类及其CT定位

报导47例卒中后失语,按失语特点分类。失语类型包括运动性(3例)、感觉性(7例)、传导性(3例)、经皮质运动性(4例)、经皮质感觉性(2例)、经皮质混合性(4例)、完全性(9例)、命名性(1例)、丘脑性(6例)和底节性(8例)。用电子计算机对CT病灶图象进行标准化处理。结果表明各型失语与病灶部位很有关。     

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN 100 CASES OF BRONCHOGENIC CARCINOMA

100 pathologically proved cases of broncho- genic carcinoma were evaluated with regard to the superior features of CT scans in comparisoin with conventional chest radiographs. The res.ults were: 42% CT superior to chest films with a.ddi- tional information, 54To CT parallel and 4'/o CT inferior to chest films. CT scans are particularly useful in detecting masses in such regions, as the lung apex, paravertebral region, azygoesopha.geal recess, intermediate bronchus, and the posterior sulcus of the lower thora.x. CT also can deter- mine tumor invas.ion o.f the pleura and demons- trate the enlargement of mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes. All these are conducive to predic- ting the resectability of affected segments or lobes. Limita.tions and appropriate applicatio-n of C'I' scansl as well as the improvement of con- ventional X-ray examina.tion are discussed.     

正常成人直肠系膜螺旋CT测量

目的探讨正常成人直肠系膜螺旋CT扫描的形态学特征。方法对50例正常成人(男女各25例)进行盆腔横断面螺旋CT扫描,观察其形态学特征,测量不同平面厚度,分析直肠系膜厚度与体质量指数及骨盆大小的关系。结果直肠系膜在螺旋CT上显示清晰,上中部直肠系膜形态相似,下部后外侧明显变薄。直肠系膜前方厚度为(2.3±1.2)mm,侧方厚度为(13.5±4.0)mm,后方厚度为(7.3±3.5)mm,三者之间比较差异有显著性(F=260.09,q=4.969~11.156,P<0.01)。上、中平面直肠系膜厚度均比下平面系膜厚(F=177.243,q=4.352、4.311,P<0.01)。男性下平面侧方和后方直肠系膜厚度比女性薄(t=2.095、2.979,P<0.05)。直肠系膜侧方、后方厚度与体质量指数存在线性正相关(r=0.940、0.864,P<0.01),与骨盆大小(中骨盆横径、前后径)亦存在线性正相关(r=0.766、0.655,P<0.01)。结论直肠系膜具有特有的螺旋CT形态特征,可为直肠癌的CT术前影像学分期提供依据。     

神经肌肉疾病的CT研究

对7名正常人及31名肌肉疾病患者双下肢做肌肉的CT扫描。结果显示:正常人下肢肌肉的密度均匀一致,形态圆隆、边界清楚。肌肉疾病患者的下肢肌肉可见虫蚀状、点片状、大片状低密度区,严重时整个肌肉实质完全被脂肪样低密度区代替;肌肉外形及截面积呈萎缩性改变。肌源性肌病肌肉密度改变重于神经源性肌病。病人患肢肌力与CT肌肉病变程度呈负相关。     

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN OVARIAN CARCINOMA*

The computed tomography (CT) findings in 270 patients with ovarian carcinoma are reported. The result of the study suggests that CT scanning is an effective, non-mvasive procedure in demonstrating the extent of the lesions. Various CT features are presented and its main role in ovarian carcinoma are discussed.     

慢性硬膜下血肿的电子计算机X线断层扫描

我们用电子计算机X线断层扫描(CT)观察了43例慢性硬膜下血肿,分析了下列CT征象的诊断价值:(1)血肿密度;(2)脑室变形;(3)脑沟消失;(4)灰、白质交界内移;(5)透明隔移位;(6)皮质静脉内移;(7)血肿膜形成。重点讨论了慢性等密度硬膜下血肿的诊断问题。灰、白质交界内移不仅证实脑外血肿,而且可准确估计血肿的部位和大小,而无需血管造影等其它诊断手段。     

肿瘤侵犯鼻咽部、咽旁筋膜和其有关间隙的CT表现

本文根据病理证实的11例头颈部肿瘤,提出肿瘤侵犯鼻咽部和其咽旁软组织的各种CT表现,包括鼻咽腔侧壁标志的消失、突入鼻咽腔内的肿瘤阴影、咽旁间隙的移位,变小或消失、咽旁肌肉分界不清及邻近骨质破坏等,并能精确地显示病变侵犯的范围。这些对术前制定治疗计划和放射治疗可提供有价值的临床资料。     

腰椎间盘突出症的CT诊断

本文对80例腰椎间盘突出症作 CT 扫描检查和手术探查,证明 CT 诊断腰椎间盘突出症的正确率是88.5%.CT 分辨率高,能提供腰椎间盘突出症,或同时合并有腰椎管侧隐窝狭窄时的各种横断图象,有助于确定病变的准确部位,类型,大小和范围,使外科手术治疗更为精确,有效和彻底。     

CT对古脊椎动物化石标本的观察

目的：探讨开展古生物影像学研究的价值。方法：利用CT观察古脊椎动物头骨化石脑腔结构。结果：古脊椎动物头骨化石脑腔及颅骨之间存在密度差异，CT能够显示脑腔的大小、形态和位置。CT对化石的观察受化石的大小的限制，高分辨率CT扫描明显优于常规CT。结论：CT能够观察古脊椎动物化石标本的内部结构。     

经动脉门脉造影CT在诊断肝癌中的临床意义

目的寻找小肝癌及肝内小转移瘤诊断方法。方法对18例经B超、CT及MRI证实为肝癌的患者进行经动脉门脉造影CT 检查(CTAP)。结果经动脉门脉造影CT在诊断肝癌方面有很高的敏感性,特别是在诊断小肝癌及肝内小转移瘤方面有很大优势。 结论经动脉门脉造影CT是肝癌患者介入治疗前的首选检查方法,并且是肝癌手术切除前检查的一部分。     

螺旋CT肺动脉造影对肺血栓栓塞症的诊断价值

①目的 探讨螺旋CT肺动脉造影(SCTPA)在肺血栓栓塞症(PTE)诊断中的应用价值。②方法 对26例PTE病人从足侧向头侧扫描,同时行下腔静脉系造影(CTV)。③结果 26例病人481支肺动脉中116支发生了栓塞(24％),其直接征象为腔内充盈缺损93支(80％),完全阻塞23支(20％);间接征象为“马赛克”征9例,肺梗死1例,肺动脉高压9例,胸腔积液6例。在同时进行的CTV中,24例显示静脉栓子,单侧16例,双侧8例。④结论 SCTPA是诊断PTE准确、简便、无创伤的有效方法,并可同时行CTV检查且无需追加造影剂。     

Alzheimer型老年性痴呆脑CT扫描测量指数的探讨(附24例病例分析)

本文测量了24例 Alzheimer 型老年性痴呆患者及30例正常对照组脑 CT 图像的脑室指数。结果表明,Alzheimer 型老年性痴呆组较正常对照组有明显的脑室扩张及脑萎缩。     

FINDINGS OF CHEST RADIOGRAPH AND SPIRAL COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN SWYER-JAMES SYNDROME

SWYER JAMESsyndrome(SJS)orSwyer James MacLeodsyndrome(SJMS)isknownasunilateralpulmonaryemphysemaorlobarhyperlucencyasso ciatedwithsmallpulmonaryarteries,small ornormal sizedlungvolume,andairtrappingonexpiration.Itisthoughtto beararedisorderandduetorespira…     

NON-INVASIVE IMAGING OF CORONARY ARTERY WITH 16-SLICE SPIRAL COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

CORONARYheartdisease(CHD)isacommondis-easeanditsprevalenceisstillrisinginourcountry.Conventionalcoronaryangiographyisaninvasivemethod,whichcannotbeeasilyacceptedbyChinesepatients.CIncontrast,16-slicespiralCTisanon-invasiveapproach.Itcanexaminetheheartwithelectrocardiogram(ECG)gatinginonebreath-holdwiththebestimagequality.Inthisstudy,weinvestigatedthevalueof16-slicespiralCTinthedemo-nstrationofcoronaryarteryanddiagnosisofcoronaryarterystenosis.PATIENTSANDMETHODSPatients Atota…     

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN SELLAR REGION TUMOR DIAGNOSIS

90 cases of sellar region tumor diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) a.re analysed. CT diagnosis is very accurate in localizing supra- sellar cistern tumors but is useless in localizing intrasellar tumors, especially microadenomas, which do not involve the suprasellar cistern. Although the appearance of tumors of each type vary from each other most have certain typical characteristics. When CT findings are considered with the clinical and X-ray manifestations, the character of more than half of the tumors can be determined with fair accuracy. A protocol on selecting the radiologic methods for sellar region tumors is suggested.     

CT对头伤后遗症的诊断及临床预后评价

本文对12例头伤后脑软化、脑积水、脑穿通畸形囊肿,蛛网膜囊肿、脑萎缩等后遗症的 CT 征像进行了分析。并对后遗症与临床预后作了初步评价。