双核系统核子交换势能面

实验证实,用重离子碰撞合成超重原子核时,准裂变对熔合的抑制是非常重要的.碰撞中双核系统间核子转移所形成的势能面称之为驱动势,它制约核子转移,因而决定熔合与准裂变的竞争.双核系统势能面还提供重离子碰撞合成超重原子核的最佳激发能和最佳弹靶组合的信息.     

基于双核模型对准裂变产物质量分布的研究

在双核模型基础上引入一维的Kramers公式，计算了⁴⁸Ca+²⁴⁴Pu，⁴⁸Ca+²³⁸U和⁵⁸Fe+²³²Th这三个反应准裂变碎片的质量分布，得到了与实验比较符合的结果.同时提取出了碎片质量分布随时间的演化关系，为理解熔合与准裂变竞争过程提供了非常有用的信息.由于准裂变在重离子熔合反应中起着重要作用，理论计算与实验结果的比较是对现有熔合模型的重要检验. 关键词： 超重元素 熔合反应 准裂变产物 质量产额     

用于垒下重离子熔合裂变研究的两维位置灵敏探测器

描述了用于近垒和垒下重离子熔合裂变实验的主要探测器——两维位置灵敏雪崩室(BPAC)的结构、工作原理及性能.给出了利用BPAC探测到的84MeV(E_cm)¹⁶O+²³²Th反应中不同碎片角区的碎片折叠角分布,并从中区分了转移裂变和复合核裂变的碎片角分布.从而证明转移裂变不是导致碎片角分布各向异性异常的原因.同时,实验结果支持了预平衡裂变模型对碎片角分布异常现象的解释.     

16O+232Th垒下全熔合裂变

利用裂变碎片的折叠角分布,从实验上实现了全熔合裂变和转移跟随裂变两种成份的区分.在此基础上测量了质心系能量72.61至80.11MeV ¹⁶O+²³²Th全熔合裂变截面和碎片角分布.包含靶核静态形变效应的耦合道模型计算与实验激发曲线一致.然而,裂变统计理论无法解释实验上观察到的全熔合裂变碎片角分布.而鞍点模型与断点模型的理论预言有较明显的差别.     

重核熔合与裂变位垒的动力学回流现象

用实验粒子多次通过位垒的方法计算重核熔合与裂变过程中的熔合几率和裂变速率,结果发现位垒附近存在着一种强烈的回流现象.研究还表明当鞍点后势变得平滑,则回流变大.这种效应降低了以往所用的实验粒子首次通过位垒方法得到的熔合几率和裂变速率,从而给出这两种量的正确描述     

重离子极端垒下熔合

采用Skyrme能量密度泛函研究重离子极端垒下熔合反应。基于Skyrme能量密度泛函以及扩展的Thomas-Fermi近似得到的入射道熔合势垒,结合我们提出来的经验的势垒分布函数,计算了一系列熔合体系的近垒熔合截面,与实验数据能很好地符合。进一步考虑熔合势垒曲率的能量依赖,研究了一些体系的极端垒下熔合,发现极端垒下熔合截面深度压低现象能被满意地再现。     

重离子裂变反应研究现状

重离子裂变反应是重离子反应的一个重要反应道,在过去若干年里人们进行了大量的实验和理论研究。本文扼要介绍了重离子裂变反应的研究现状。     

ALICE程序在重离子反应中的应用

介绍了ALICE程序的功能及其使用方法.该程序给出的熔合蒸发激发函数是可信的.而且可用简化方法来完成,但对重离子所引起的反应,只能使用S-波近似公式.对于预言截面来说,采用能级密度参数较为合适; 对熔合裂变截面,通过适当调整刻度参数Br,可以得到可靠的计算值.该程序也可以给出较满意的包括平衡前发射的粒子能谱.     

熔合反应中动力学势垒的研究

用改进的量子分子动力学模型研究了与入射能量相关的重离子熔合势垒. 随着 入射能的降低可以观察到动力学势垒的最低值, 这个最低动力学势垒与绝热势垒 非常接近；动力学势垒随着入射能的增加而升高, 最终接近于静态势垒(非绝热势垒). 基于动力学势垒的研究, 对于重离子熔合反应的额外推动(extra-push)给出了微观理解,对势垒贯穿给出了一种新的解释. 为进一步理解动力学势垒, 还研究了颈部的形成和体系的动力学形变, 分析了动力学势垒降低的原因.     

拉曼抽运下的布里渊-瑞利散射研究

首先对色散补偿光纤中不同拉曼抽运功率下的布里渊-瑞利散射 现象进行实验研究，详细分析和说明了输出光谱特性以及输出光谱随抽运功率的演化特性.然后在已有的一级布里渊散射的理论模型基础上，进一步推导出拉曼抽运下多级布里渊-瑞利散射的理论模型.利用该模型进行了数值模拟，结果表明：在抽运功率较低的情况下，理论和实验相符；但在抽运功率较高的情况下，理论和实验存在较大差异.对于差异 的形成，也进行了深入的分析. 最后，从理论计算和实验结果两方面，得到较高抽 运功率下的多级布里渊-瑞利散射的饱和特性，进而说明了特定抽运功 关键词： 布里渊 瑞利散射 拉曼抽运 多级理论模型 饱和特性 多级平坦输出光谱     

Effects of superspreaders in spread of epidemic

Within the standard SIR model with spatial structure, we propose two models for the superspreader. In one model, superspreaders have intrinsically strong infectiousness. In other model, they have many social connections. By Monte Carlo simulation, we obtain the percolation probability, the propagation speed, the epidemic curve, the distribution of secondary infected and the propagation path as functions of population and the density of superspreaders. By comparing the results with the data of SARS in Singapore 2003, we conclude that the latter model can explain the observation.     

Variable Modified Chaplygin Gas in Anisotropic Universe with Kaluza-Klein Metric

In this work, we have considered Kaluza-Klein Cosmology for anisotropic universe where the universe is filled with Variable Modified Chaplygin Gas (VMCG). Here we find normal scalar field ? and the self interacting potential V(?) to describe the VMCG Cosmology. We have also graphically analyzed the geometrical parameters named Statefinder Parameters in anisotropic Kaluza-Klein model. Next, we have considered a Kaluza-Klein model of interacting VMCG with dark matter in the Einstein gravity framework. Here we construct the three dimensional autonomous dynamical system of equations for this interacting model with the assumption that the dark energy and the dark matter interacts between themselves and for that we also choose the interaction term. We convert that interaction term to its dimensionless form and perform stability analysis and solve them numerically. We obtain a stable scaling solution of the equations in Kaluza-Klein model and graphically represent solutions.     

Analysis of weak neutral currents using light-cone algebra

Using the algebra of light-cone commutators and making some simplifying assumptions, we have attempted to determine the isospin structure of a two-parameter weak hadronic neutral current. We have also computed in the light-cone model, they distributions for inclusive neutrino and antineutrino neutral current deep-inelastic interactions. Contrary to the quark-parton model, we find that both distributions have the same value.     

一个描述合作网络顶点度分布的模型

讨论一类社会合作网络以及一些与其拓扑结构相似的技术网络的度分布.建议一个最简化模型，通过解析的方法说明这些网络演化的共同动力学机理，而且说明顶点的度分布和项目度分布之间具有密切的一致关系，而项目所含的顶点数分布对度分布的影响较小；对模型的更一般情况进行数值模拟，说明上述结论具有一定的普遍性.这个模型显示这类广义的合作网络一般具有处于幂函数和指数函数这两种极端情况之间的度分布.简要介绍对一些实际合作网络做统计研究的结果，说明本模型的合理性. 关键词： 合作网络 度分布 项目度分布 项目含顶点数     

Interaction between scalar field and ideal fluid with inhomogeneous equation of state

In this Letter we study a model of interaction between the scalar field and an inhomogeneous ideal fluid. We have considered two forms of the ideal fluid and a power law expansion for the scale factor. We have solved the equations for the energy densities. Also we show that besides being a dark energy model to explain the cosmic acceleration, this model shows a decaying nature of the scalar field potential and the interaction parameter.     

A Rigorous Investigation on the Ground State of the Penson-Kolb Model

By using either numerical calculations or analytical methods, such as the bosonization technique, the ground state of the Penson-Kolb model has been previously studied by several groups. Some physicists argued that, as far as the existence of superconductivity in this model is concerned, it is canonically equivalent to the negative-U Hubbard model.However, others did not agree. In the present paper, we shall investigate this model by an independent and rigorous approach. We show that the ground state of the Penson-Kolb model is nondegenerate and has a nonvanishing overlap with the ground state of the negative-U Hubbard model. Furthermore, we also show that the ground states of both the models have the same good quantum numbers and may have superconducting long-range order at the same momentum q ＝ 0. Our results support the equivalence between these models.     

Tunnel effect as a hidden variable theory test

In this work we have shown that the tunnel effect through an unidimensional rectangular barrier can be described as a stochastic process by means of a random-walk approximation model. Through this approximation we observed good agreement with the quantum mechanical predictions for the tunneling probability over the same conditions. For this specific model, we have observed that the diffusion coefficient, in the energy space, has to be inversely proportional to the exponential of the mass of the particle. Comparing with Quantum Mechanics prediction we conclude that the necessary noise to get quantum effects is very high, contrasting with the current Quantum Mechanics alternative proposals.     

Analysis and improvement of optical frequency response in a long wavelength transistor laser

Charge control model and rate equations have been exploited for the first time in order to glean the optical frequency response of a long-wavelength heterojunction bipolar transistor laser. For a 1.56 μm N-InP/p-InAlGaAs/N-InP fabricated transistor laser with a single quantum well, the optical bandwidth is estimated using this model. All parameters of the mentioned model have been computed for this new type of long wavelength transistor laser. It has been found that frequency response of this optoelectronic device has a 29 dB resonance peak which is not very desirable and is so higher than traditional GaAs transistor lasers. Furthermore, we have illustrated that the resonance peak will decrease and the optical bandwidth will increase, if we increase the width of the quantum well. Finally, we have analyzed that how base width affects on the optical bandwidth and resonance peak of frequency response. It has been proved that, there is a trade-off between larger bandwidth and lower resonance peak for base width effect.     

Preequilibrium Fission

It is verified experimentally that the heavy-ion-induced fusionfission reactions are entrance-channel mass asymmetry dependent.This dependence means that in some cases,the fused composite systems havenot forgot the history of it's formation.Based on the experimental observations,we have put forward a preequilibrium fission model.In framework of this model,we have successfully explained the anomalous fragment anisotropies from fusion-fission at near-andsub-barrier energies.