杆状病毒侵染的分子基础*

相状病毒是昆虫的专一性寄生病毒,可作为一种有效的生物杀虫剂。杆状病毒侵染寄主表现在其基因的功能上。侵染是一个复杂的过程,包括许多不同基因的表达、调控等,以苜蓿丫纹夜蛾核多角体病毒（Autographa califormica mucleopolyhedrovirus,AcMNPV）为例,从分子水平上概述了与杆状病毒侵染有关的基因及蛋白质的结构特性与功能,为进一步了解杆状病毒侵染寄主的机制,从而有效的改良杆状病毒,扩大杀虫谱,提高其杀虫效果提供参考。     

EVOLUTIONARY ORIGIN OF A PARTHENOFORM,THE AMAZON MOLLY POECILIA FORMOSA,ON THE BASIS OF A MOLECULAR GENEALOGY

The appearance of vertebrate species that reproduce without genetic recombination has been explained by their origin from a rare hybridization event between members of two distantly related species. For the first recognized vertebrate unisexual, the Amazon molly Poecilia formosa, mostly morphological and biochemical genetic information has been available so far with respect to its evolutionary origin. DNA sequence analyses of transcribed portions of the genome (tyrosine kinase proto-oncogenes) demonstrated its hybrid state unequivocally. Both alleles can be traced in a DNA sequence-based phylogenetic tree to extant species that represent the parental species or that are closely related to the corresponding extinct forms, namely P. mexicana limantouri and a so far taxonomically ill-defined north Mexican subspecies of the P. latipinna/P. velifera complex. A rough estimate from the mutation rates dates the hybridization event further back than would have been predicted on the basis of “Muller's ratchet” for an ecologically successful species.     

关于连鬓胡子遗传方式的探讨

为了探讨连鬓胡子的遗传方式，对７９个连鬓胡子家系进行了调查和分析。初步认为连鬓胡子是常染色体显性基因控制的限性遗传。     

细胞凋亡相关的组合生物标志物的分子基础及其在环境毒理学中的意义

生物标志物(Biomarker)可以反映机体接触外来化学物后出现的细胞、生物化学或分子生物学改变,或个体对外来因素产生反应的易感性,因此,生物标志物作为指标具有早期预警作用,在生态毒理学、环境毒理学及流行病学研究中都受到极大的重视[1—6]。生物标志物被用于污染物影响的早期