静滴苦碟子注射液致四肢疼痛1例

<正>苦碟子为菊科植物抱茎苦卖菜Ixeris sonchifolia Hance的当年生干燥全草,以其为原料提取精制而成的静脉用苦碟子注射液,具有活血止痛、清热去瘀作用。本院一椎间盘突出症患者,因术后止痛使用苦碟子注射液出现四肢疼痛,伴腹痛及全身乏力,报道如下。     

黄酮苷类化合物分离鉴定的研究进展

对近 5年间有关黄酮苷的提取分离、结构鉴定的新进展作了综述 ,对质谱、紫外光谱、核磁共振等波谱方法用于结构研究的最新应用作了介绍     

苦碟子注射液联合神经节苷脂治疗急性脑梗死的临床研究

目的:观察苦碟子注射液联合神经节苷脂治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效和安全性。方法:将脑梗死患者180例随机分为观察组和对照组各90例。2组患者均采用基础治疗,观察组在基础治疗的同时加用苦碟子注射液联合神经节苷脂治疗,对照组在基础治疗的同时加用神经节苷脂治疗。观测2组患者血液流变学变化情况及NIHSS评分、Bar t hel评分、临床疗效、不良反应。结果:观察组患者临床疗效、NIHSS评分、Bar t hel评分、血液学指标均优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗过程中2组患者均未见有临床意义的异常改变及明显毒副反应。结论:苦碟子注射液联合神经节苷脂治疗急性脑梗死可以有效改善急性脑梗死患者的血液流变学,提高临床疗效。     

裸花紫珠黄酮苷类化合物的分离与结构鉴定

目的:研究裸花紫珠95%乙醇提取物的化学成分。方法:采用硅胶,MCI,C_(18)等柱色谱方法对裸花紫珠中化学成分进行分离纯化,并经波谱数据分析和文献对照鉴定化合物结构。结果:从裸花紫珠叶95%乙醇提取物中分离得到8个化合物,分别鉴定为木犀草苷(1),木犀草素-3'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2),木犀草素-4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3),芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷丁酯(4),木犀草素-3'-O-(6″-E-咖啡酰)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5),木犀草素-4'-O-(6'-E-咖啡酰)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6),木犀草素-7-O-(6″-E-咖啡酰)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7),木犀草素-7-O-(6″-E-阿魏酰)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8)。结论:化合物4为首次从该植物分离得到。     

木菠萝叶中水溶性黄酮苷的分离、鉴定和测定

目的分离、鉴定木菠萝Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.叶中的水溶性黄酮苷,并采用HPLC法测定其含有量。方法木菠萝叶极性部位浸膏通过大孔树脂、凝胶和制备液相色谱等方法进行分离纯化,波谱数据鉴定所得化合物的结构。分析采用Thermo Syncronis C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);检测波长338 nm;流动相乙腈-0.1%磷酸(19∶81);体积流量1 m L/min;柱温30℃。结果从该植物中首次分离鉴定出一种水溶性黄酮苷—牡荆素木糖苷,在0.537 7~10.754 0μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 4),平均回收率为96.24%(RSD=0.91%)。在4月份,其含有量最低(0.605 5 mg/g),12月份最高(3.591 2 mg/g),在成熟叶、嫩叶、黄色落叶中的含有量分别为1.743 1、0.324 5、4.034 5 mg/g。结论牡荆素木糖苷主要存在于木菠萝黄色落叶中。     

红花中黄酮醇类成分的分离和鉴定

红花为一活血化瘀代表性药 ,其提取物具抗心肌缺血、抗血小板激活因子、抗炎等多方面的心血管药理活性。多年来 ,国内外对红花进行了大量研究 ,发现红花中含有黄酮类、脂肪酸等多种成分[1,2 ] ,我研究室试验结果表明 ,多种黄酮醇为红花的抗血小板激活因子有效成分 [3] ,其中本文报道的杨梅素为我室首次从红花中分离鉴定的成分。1　仪器与试剂Nicolet 2 0 SXB型红外分光光度计 ,KBr压片 ,JEOL JNM- AL30 0型核磁共振波谱仪 ,Varian IN-OVA- 5 0 0型核磁共振波谱仪 ,TMS为内标 ,KYKY- 1型质谱仪 ,Autospec- Ulitima ATOF型质谱…     

王不留行中王不留行黄酮苷的分离与鉴定

目的分离鉴定王不留行药材中的特征成分。方法利用硅胶柱色谱、葡聚糖凝胶柱色谱进行分离,通过理化常数、核磁共振、变温核磁共振和质谱等多种技术鉴定化合物。结果分离得到一个化合物,鉴定为王不留行黄酮苷。结论王不留行黄酮苷在王不留行中的量较高,可以作为王不留行及其炮制品质量控制的指标性成分;首次报道了王不留行黄酮苷的13C-NMR数据及其旋转异构现象。     

龙胆中龙胆苦苷的分离纯化

目的建立龙胆中高纯度龙胆苦苷的快速分离纯化方法。方法坚龙胆药材的乙醇提取液经AB-8大孔吸附树脂柱进行粗分,乙醇-水系统进行梯度洗脱,30%乙醇溶液洗脱下来的流份粗龙胆苦苷部分冷冻干燥后经MCI树脂柱进一步纯化,洗脱剂为乙醇-水,所得的龙胆苦苷的纯度经高效液相色谱进行检测。结果在此条件下,可以分离得到纯度大于97%的龙胆苦苷。结论该法简便、快速、低毒、所得产物纯度高,适用于分离较高纯度的龙胆苦苷及龙胆苦苷标准品的制备。     

不同产地苦碟子中活性成分的测定

目的考察不同产地苦碟子中主要活性成分的含有量。方法采用UV-VIS法测定总黄酮,RP-HPLC法定量测定腺苷、木犀草素和芹菜素。结果总黄酮平均含有量为(53.498 1±9.397 0)mg/g,其中以河北承德为最高(71.833 0 mg/g);腺苷平均含有量为(0.145 1±0.098)mg/g,其中以陕西咸阳为最高(0.326 9 mg/g);木犀草素平均含有量为(0.086 0±0.034 275)mg/g,其中以内蒙赤峰为最高(0.155 5 mg/g);芹菜素平均含有量为(0.006 0±0.003 511)mg/g,其中以陕西咸阳为最高(0.012 5 mg/g)。结论不同产地苦碟子药材活性成分含有量差异较大。     

苦碟子中(-)3,4-二咖啡酰基酒石酸和菊苣酸含量的高效液相色谱法测定

目的建立反相高效液相色谱法同时测定苦碟子药材中(-)3.4-二咖啡酰基酒石酸和菊苣酸的含量。方法采用C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);以乙腈-0.4%磷酸溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱;检测波长:328 nm。结果 8批次苦碟子药材中(-)3,4-二咖啡酰基酒石酸含量在1.50～3.80 mg.g-1,菊苣酸含量在4.20～8.25mg.g-1;平均回收率(-)3,4-二咖啡酰基酒石酸:98.48%(RSD=0.61%);菊苣酸:97.94%(RSD=0.64%)。结论该方法简便,准确,灵敏,可用于苦碟子药材的质量控制。     

Dimeric flavonol glycoside and galloylated C-glucosylchromones from Kunzea ambigua

A novel dimeric flavonol glycoside linked through a methylene group, kunzeagin A (1), and six new chromone C-glucosides, kunzeachromones A-F (2-7), were isolated along with seven known compounds from the leaf extract of Kunzea ambigua. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses and chemical properties. Kunzeachromones A-F provided additional examples of galloylated C-glucosidic chromones occurring in the Myrtaceae. Kunzeagin A (1) and major constituents of this plant (6-C- and 8-C-glucosylchromones and their monogallates) exhibited potent inhibitory effects on activation of Epstein-Barr virus early antigen induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate in Raji cells.     

New tetrasaccharide flavonol glycoside from Epimedium acuminatum.

A new tetrasaccharide flavonol glycoside was isolated from the aerial parts of Epimedium acuminatum, along with three known flavonoids. The structure of the new compound, named acuminatoside [1], was established to be anhydroicaritin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1----2)-alpha-L-rhamno pyranoside-7- O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside by means of spectroscopic techniques (uv, eims, fdms, fabms, 1H nmr, 1H-1H COSY, 2D-J, 13C nmr, APT, and 1H-13C HETCOR) and chemical methods (acid hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, and tlc-densitometry). The known compounds were identified as icariin, epimedoside A, and kaempferitrin.     

抱茎苦荬菜化学成分和药理作用的研究进展

抱茎苦荬菜在中国分布广泛,为传统药食两用植物。近几年,随着研究不断深入,其药用价值不断被发现,应用范围日益扩大,尤其在治疗心脑血管系统疾病方面有显著疗效。因此,综述了近几年抱茎苦荬菜的化学成分及药理作用的研究成果,为该植物的深入研究和开发利用提供数据支撑和参考。     

Isolation and identification of hemostatic ingredients from lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) kudo

Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) Kudo (LR) is a traditional drug used by Chinese minorities such as Tibetans, Mongolians and Na Xi with the beneficial effects of hemostasis and alleviating pain. Flavonoids ingredients (P₁), iridoid glycosides ingredients (P₂) and maximus polarity components ingredients (P₃) were isolated from the aqueous extract of LR (AELR) with polyamide and macroporous adsorptive resins chromatographic columns. The hemostatic activity of these ingredients was estimated by the changes in bleeding time (BT), clotting time (CT) and blood coagulation parameters in mice or rats. RP‐HPLC was used to analyze the chemical composition of P₂. As a result, AELR and P₂ significantly shortened BT, CT and thrombin time (TT), and increased fibrinogen (FIB), but P₁ and P₃ showed no hemostatic effect during the experiment. Moreover, P₂ showed satisfactory hemostatic effect with dose‐effect relationship and low toxicity in mice. 8‐Dehydroxy shanzhiside, phloyoside II, shanzhiside methylester, loganin, and 8‐O‐acetylshanzhiside methylester were detected as the main iridoid glycosides in P₂ by RP‐HPLC. Our results suggest that iridoid glycosides may be the hemostatic activity ingredients of L. rotata and are a potential hemostatic medicine. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Sedative and anticonvulsant activities of goodyerin,a flavonol glycoside from Goodyera schlechtendaliana

Goodyerin is a flavonol glycoside isolated from the whole plants of Goodyera schlechtendaliana which has been used as a substitute for the crude drug, Anoectochilus formosanus. The pharmacological properties of goodyerin were assayed for effects on spontaneous locomotor activity, on pentobarbital-induced hypnosis, and on anticonvulsant activity against picrotoxin-induced seizures in rodents. Goodyerin exhibited a significant and dose-dependent sedative and anticonvulsant effect.     

一点红化学成分研究

目的研究一点红的化学成分。方法应用硅胶柱色谱,Sephadex LH-20柱色谱进行分离纯化,并通过波谱数据鉴定其结构。结果分离得到10个化合物,通过理化及波谱数据分析鉴定化合物分别5,7,3’-三羟基-4’-甲氧基黄酮-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(1),芹菜素-6,8-二-C-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2),槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(3),槲皮素(4),橙酰胺乙酸酯(5),喘宁酰胺(6),木栓酮(7),豆甾醇(8),β-谷甾醇(9),胡萝卜苷(10)。结论化合物1～2,5～7,10首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

霞草中三萜化合物的分离与结构鉴定

目的为开发利用霞草Gyp soph ila oldham iana根部资源,并从中寻找新的天然活性成分。方法利用多种柱色谱技术进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和现代波谱技术并辅以化学方法进行结构鉴定。结果从霞草根部甲醇提取物的正丁醇部分和醋酸乙酯部分分得3个五环三萜化合物,分别鉴定为:齐墩果酸(o leano lic ac id,Ⅰ)、co llinsogen in(Ⅱ)、3-O--βD-xy lopyranosy l-(1→3)-[-βD-ga lactopyranosy l-(1→2)]--βD-g lucuronopyranosy l gypso-gen in(Ⅲ)。结论化合物Ⅲ为新化合物,命名为霞草苷Ⅰ(o ldham ianos ideⅠ);化合物Ⅰ和Ⅱ均为首次从该植物中分得。     

Isolation and structure of the cytostatic lignan glycoside phyllanthostatin A

An unusual cytostatic (PS ED50 4 micrograms/ml) lignan ester has been isolated from the Central American tree Phyllanthus acuminatus and designated phyllanthostatin A [1]. Separation of an MeOH extract of the root by size exclusion chromatography, high speed counter-current distribution, and semipreparative hplc afforded glycoside 1 in 0.007% yield. In solution, phyllanthostatin A was slowly transformed into justicidin B [4]. The structure of lignan glycoside 1 was determined by hrfabms and 2D-nmr spectroscopy.