多路振弦传感器同步测频系统设计

针对多路振弦传感器测频系统多采用分时异步的测量方式,无法满足桥梁等大型建筑动态响应的测量需求,提出一种同时激振-分时测量的同步测量方案;根据该方案设计了一套多路振弦传感器同步测频系统。系统以Cortex-M4处理器为核心,采用Rife-Quinn算法进行频率计算。对系统进行实验测试,测试结果表明:系统能完成4通道振弦传感器的同步测量,无噪声条件下的测频相对误差小于0.007%;输入1 kHz、峰值为2μV~3.4 mV范围的正弦信号,系统测频相对误差小于0.005%,标准差小于0.04 Hz;加入白噪声干扰,信噪比在-9~9 dB范围内,系统的测频相对误差小于或等于0.2%。     

舵机减速器转角测量误差分析与补偿

在舵机系统的力能传递测试实验中,减速器转角的测量精度是反映舵机特性的重要指标.由于机械安装、零件加工、控制算法采样量化误差和传感器非线性等因素综合影响,角度实测值与理论值之间存在误差并影响测量精度.本文以带有光栅传感器的舵机减速器作为研究对象,通过物理分析、数值计算与系统建模等手段分析了机械、传感器和控制算法采样量化等原因引入的测角误差,提出将机械偏心和传感器非线性作为系统误差,采用最小二乘法构建角度误差指标函数,通过优化指标函数获得由于控制算法采样量化造成角度误差的补偿量的观点.仿真曲线给出了动态静态加载时的误差曲线,以某型舵机减速器为测试设备的实验依此方法进行数据处理,实验结果将测角精度提高了一个数量级(30″),证明了此方法的有效性.     

金属封装式FBG传感器设计及应变传递试验

为实现对被测基体结构应变的精确测量,设计一种基于金属封装粘贴式光纤光栅应变传感器,建立了6层结构的应变传递模型,分析推导了被测基体层、基底粘胶层、封装基底层、光纤粘胶层、保护层及光纤光栅层的应变传递机理,并通过理论分析和有限元仿真对比分析了光纤光栅长度、光纤粘胶层厚度、基底粘胶层厚度、中间层的弹性模量和泊松比等主要因素对平均应变传递率的影响.根据仿真结果,确定所设计的金属封装粘贴式光纤光栅传感器的封装材质、尺寸及粘胶层厚度.最后通过设计等强度悬臂梁作为施加载荷载体,提出应变传递误差修正系数,对上述铝合金封装粘贴式光纤光栅及裸光纤光栅传感器进行了应变传递对比试验.结果表明,裸光纤光栅和金属封装式光纤光栅传感器的平均应变传递率分别为98.25%和98.15%,与仿真计算误差在0.15%~0.25%以内.     

神经网络在光栅系统动态测量精度分析中的应用

设计了一种基于计量光栅的光栅全系统动态测量精度分析装置。针对实验所得的此光栅系统在五种不同速度下的动态测量误差，对误差特性进行了分析，并应用ＢＰ神经网络进行其误差分布特性的预测及动态测量误差的预报，结果表明ＢＰ神经网络可用于动态测量中的误差预报，从而可为动态测量误差预测、修正与补偿提供有效的手段和依据。     

基于LS-SVM的超磁致伸缩致动器数据驱动建模方法研究

针对超磁致伸缩材料(GMM)的强非线性特征,提出了一种新的超磁致伸缩驱动器(GMA)实验系统及其数据驱动建模方法.实验中的测量数据取自光栅传感器,采用数据驱动原理,基于最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)实现了GMA的非线性建模.对模型性能进行了实验评估,预测了GMM棒的动态特性,并讨论了驱动电压对输出特性的影响.实验结果显示,该模型能较好地预测GMA的制动输出,预测误差在0.05%以内.     

利用光栅位移传感器实现自由曲面的自适应跟踪测量

针对非接触自由曲面测量中激光位移传感器的非线性误差问题,设计了基于LabVIEW的光栅位移反馈系统,其采用调用动态链接库的方式完成数据采集.通过对反馈系统的线性度和回程误差进行实验分析,结果表明,该方法能够实现自由曲面的自适应跟踪测量,可保证激光测头跟随被测曲面的轮廓上下调整,使传感器工作在线性测量范围内.     

一种振弦传感器自适应拾振方法

振弦传感器输出的频率信号信噪比低、衰减快,容易受到干扰而造成测量精度下降。为提高有噪声环境下,振弦式传感器测频系统的计算精度,提出了一种基于快速傅里叶变换的自适应拾振方法。该方法使用数字傅里叶滤波自动滤除噪声干扰,然后利用Quinn算法进行高精度频率计算。在基于STM32处理器平台的振弦传感器测频系统中进行该方法的实验测试,测试结果表明:在无噪声干扰情况下,系统的频率测量相对误差小于0.01%;在严重白噪声干扰情况下(信噪比为-20 d B),系统的频率测量相对误差小于0.3%。与其他的测频方法比较,该方法具有更好的抑制噪声能力和测频精度。     

光纤Bragg光栅的传感原理及实验分析

光纤传感器作为一种先进的传感器,有许多优点,它的用途必然越来越广泛.本文着重研究了光纤布拉格光栅的应变和温度特性,通过实验所测的光栅应变系数和光栅温度系数与理论计算值很相符,为光纤Bragg光栅在电力、石油、化工等领域的温度和应变监测提供了理论依据和实验数据.     

减小光栅传感器测量信号误差的研究

在光栅传感器测量系统中，为了提高测量信号的精度，需要对系统输出信号的误差进行研究。介绍了莫尔 条纹的产生和光栅传感器测量系统，对测量系统的误差进行了分析，提出了利用基于误差修正技术的光栅测量系 统减小光栅测量信号的系统误差的方法，以及利用滑动平均滤波与中值滤波结合的方法减小动态莫尔条纹信号中 的随机误差，总结了设计光栅传感器测量系统的关键技术。仿真结果表明#混合滤波方法可以有效地减小动态莫 尔条纹信号中的噪声干扰，且算法简单。     

光纤布拉格光栅压力传感器的研究

简要介绍了光纤布拉格光栅的传感原理,理论分析了弹性元件平膜片的受压变形规则,并将光纤布拉格光栅粘贴在自行设计的不锈钢平膜片上,构成了基于膜片的光纤布拉格光栅压力传感器,给出了光纤布拉格光栅的布拉格波长偏移量与压力的关系表达式。实验结果表明,光纤布拉格光栅压力灵敏度系数达到2.9pm/kPa,与理论分析值基本相符.另外,传感器在所测压力范围内呈现出很好的线性特性、重复性,适合于易燃易爆场合的压力测量。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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