Copper, zinc, and magnesium levels in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

A relationship has been reported between trace elements and diabetes mellitus. This study evaluated the role of such a relationship in 83 patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (40 men and 43 women), with a mean duration of diabetes of 3.9 +/- 3.6 years. Patients with nephropathy were excluded. Thirty healthy non-diabetic subjects were studied for comparative analysis. Subjects were subdivided into obese and non-obese. Diabetic subjects were also subdivided into controlled and uncontrolled groups; control was based on fasting blood glucose and serum fructosamine levels. Plasma copper, zinc and magnesium levels were analysed using a GBC 902 double beam atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Plasma zinc and magnesium levels were comparable between diabetic and non-diabetic subjects, while copper levels were significantly elevated (p < 0.01) in diabetic patients. Age, sex, duration and control of diabetes did not influence copper, zinc, or magnesium concentrations. We conclude that zinc and magnesium levels are not altered in diabetes mellitus, but the increased copper levels found in diabetics in our study may merit further investigation of the relationship between copper and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.     

中,老年冠心病患者血清铜,锌,铁,镁的测定

采用原子吸收分光光度法，测定了８０例正常人与３８例冠心病患者血清铜、锌、铁、镁四种元素，并探讨了这些元素与冠心病的相互关系。结果表明：冠心病组血清锌显著低于正常组（Ｐ＜００５），血清铁显著高于正常组（Ｐ＜００５），铜／锌比值显著高于正常组（Ｐ＜００５），血清铜、镁两组间无显著差异（Ｐ＞００５）。     

妊娠糖尿病患者血中锌、镁、铜、铁、铅、锰含量分析

目的检测不同孕期妊娠糖尿病(GDM)患者体内微量元素锌、镁、铜、铁、铅、锰的含量,探讨其与妊娠糖尿病的关系。方法回顾性分析76例GDM孕妇和125例正常孕妇血清中锌、镁、铜、铁、铅、锰的含量。结果孕早期及孕中期GDM组血中微量元素锌、镁、铜、铁、铅、锰的含量与正常对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05),孕晚期GDM组血中微量元素铅、锰与正常对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05),微量元素铜、铁的含量较正常对照组高,锌、镁的含量较正常对照组低,相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论孕晚期GDM组孕妇微量元素锌、镁、铜、铁的代谢失衡,适时监测微量元素的含量,纠正GDM患者微量元素代谢紊乱状态,对GDM的临床防治具有重要的价值。     

地方性甲状腺肿、地方性克汀病流行区人群血清、水、土微量元素调查报告

本文就我省大别山区霍山县地方性甲状腺肿和地方性克汀病流行区——太平乡185例成人血清铜、锌、锰、镁测定结果与非病区正常成人495例均值相比较,发现锰、铜、铜/锌比值高:锌、镁低,均具有统计学意义。对当地水、土壤检测这些元素也有相应发现。推测在当地地甲病和地克病的病因和发病原理上,除缺碘为基础外,这些元素含量的异常也可能起着重要影响。在今后的防治中,除补碘外,对这些有关元素也应考虑作相应补充或驱除。     

Changes in blood zinc and copper and their clinical significance in patients undergoing open-heart surgery

The levels of zinc and copper in the serum, plasma, erythrocyte and urine were determined in 17 cases undergoing open-heart surgery. Samples were taken daily before, during, and after cardiopulmonary bypass operations for 9 days. Mean plasma zinc dropped significantly 30 minutes after perfusion and reached its lowest level on the first postoperative day and remained lower than the preoperative level until the seventh postoperative day. Mean urinary zinc excretion was high on the day of operation and showed a peak value 2 hours after operation. A transient decrease of plasma copper occurred after 30 minutes of perfusion. However, it returned to the preoperative level by the first or second postoperative day followed by a persistent rise to a level significantly higher than preoperative levels from the third to the ninth day. Urinary copper excretion presented the same trend as urinary zinc excretion. The results suggest that a severe loss of zinc and copper occurs in the patients undergoing open-heart surgery and a rational supply of zinc and copper is necessary.     

风心病房颤病人全血、血浆及尿液中锌、铜、钙、镁含量测定的同步对照研究

采用原子吸收光谱法,测定了25例风心病(其中房颤17例)患者全血,血浆及尿液中锌、铜、钙、镁含量。发现含量变化与分布有其特点,值得临床治疗时关注。     

慢性活动性肝炎血清锌、铜、铁、镁的变化

本文报道慢性活动性肝炎(慢活肝)38例和急性黄疽型肝炎(急黄肝)9例血消锌、铜、铁、镁及蛋白质含量改变的关系。结果慢活肝患者血清锌、铁明显降低,血清镁、铜变化不明显,血清铜/锌比值显著增高,而急黄肝病人血清锌值增高,铜/锌比值降低。慢活肝患者血清总蛋白、白蛋白亦降低,白/球比值降低,部分患者倒置。提示慢活肝患者血清锌、铁值降低或升高与血浆蛋白质代谢变化相关,血清锌、铁的升降可能是观察慢活肝患者蛋白质含量的指标之一。     

血液透析患者血清铜和锌含量的测定

目的 :测定慢性肾功能不全血液透析 (HD)患者血清锌 (Zn)和铜 (Cu)含量 ,探讨血液透析对患者微量元素的影响。方法 :血液透析组包括 36名HD患者 ,平均年龄是 4 3岁± 1 5岁 ,2 6名健康志愿者对照组 ,平均年龄为 4 0岁± 1 7岁。每份血液标本用原子吸收光谱法 (AAS)测定血清锌和血清铜水平。结果 :血清Zn水平 :HD组 5 9.6 μg/dl± 1 4 .6 μg/dl,对照组 1 1 4 .9μg/dl± 2 4 .3μg/dl。血清Cu水平 :HD组 6 5 .3μg/dl± 1 2 .8μg/dl,对照组1 4 1 .2 μg/dl±39.3μg/dl。HD组患者血清Zn含量明显低于对照组 (P <0 .0 0 0 1 )。血清Cu的含量也明显低于对照组。长期和短期血液透析患者之间Zn、Cu含量之间没有明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :由于HD患者血清Zn、Cu浓度明显降低 ,建议CRF行血液透析治疗时补充一些微量元素。     

马普替林对CUMS抑郁模型大鼠血清铜锌钙镁含量的影响

目的探讨部分金属元素铜、锌、钙、镁与抑郁症之间的关系。方法健康雄性SD大鼠36只,随机分为3组。采用Katz刺激方法制备CUMS抑郁模型。结果采用孤养和CUMS刺激方法成功制备动物抑郁模型。模型组血清铜含量较正常组明显升高、模型组血清锌含量较正常组明显降低;而马普替林组较模型组比较均能够逆转上述改变;关于钙和镁未发现其差异性。结论微量元素锌和铜与抑郁症密切相关,其机制可能与突触可塑性、内分泌、神经递质等因素相关。     

Hypomagnesemia after major abdominal operations in cancer patients: clinical implications

BACKGROUND: Serum magnesium levels are rarely measured in routine chemistry panels. The extent and impact of postoperative serum magnesium changes remain unclear. METHODS: One hundred seventy-one cancer patients who had undergone celiotomy procedures during a 38-month period were evaluated retrospectively for postoperative electrolyte alterations, with special emphasis on serum magnesium. Clinicopathologic predictors and early postoperative outcome correlations were examined. RESULTS: There were 151 major procedures and 20 minor operations. All postoperative electrolyte and hematocrit values were significantly different from preoperative values, except for serum phosphate. Preoperative total serum magnesium (normal range: 1.7-2.5 mg/dL {0.7-1.03 mmol/L}), obtained prior to any bowel cleansing, differed from postoperative levels (means +/- standard deviation: 2.0 +/- 0.46 vs. 1.53 +/- 0.33 mg/dL; p < 0.0001). A lowered postoperative serum magnesium was observed in those patients who had either undergone an operation with curative intent (p = 0.0035), a major resection (vs. no resection, p = 0.0259), or preoperative bowel cleansing with sodium phosphate (p = 0.024). Other laboratory serum parameters that correlated with the postoperative magnesium level included postoperative levels of phosphate (p = 0.009), potassium (p = 0.01), and total calcium (p = 0.012), as well as preoperative calcium (p = 0.017). The complication rate was 20%, with five postoperative deaths (2.9%). Postoperative morbidity was predicted by preoperative potassium (p = 0.004) and albumin levels (p = 0.016); deaths were predicted by postoperative infections (p = 0.0007) and correlated to postoperative hypokalemia (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Major abdominal cancer operations lead to significant electrolyte alterations. The severity of these changes correlates with the resection extent, especially in procedures with curative intent. In addition, bowel cleansing with sodium phosphate may participate in lowering serum magnesium as well as other electrolytes. In light of our postoperative magnesium replacement policy, no untoward events could be linked to postoperative hypomagnesemia in this series. To evaluate the impact of postoperative hypomagnesemia or magnesium replacement on postoperative outcomes requires a prospective randomized trial.     

糖尿病患者血清微量元素的分析研究及其临床意义

目的:对71例糖尿病患者血清中微量元素镁、锌、铜进行了含量分析,并与对照组比较,研究微量元素与糖尿病之间的相互关系。方法:原子吸收分光光度法测定血清中镁、锌、铜的含量,对相关含量进行数据分析。结果:糖尿病患者血清锌、镁的含量低于对照组,锌的含量具有高度显著性差异(P<0.01),镁的含量具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。血清铜的含量明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:患者体内微量元素的含量与糖尿病具有密切的关系。     

矮身材儿童血铅镉锌钙铁铜镁水平分析

目的探讨血铅、镉、锌、钙、铁、铜、镁水平对儿童生长发育的影响。方法通过采用钨舟原子吸收光谱仪测定我院儿保门诊53例矮身材儿童（矮身材组）及53例正常儿童（对照组）末梢静脉血中铅、镉、锌、钙、铁、铜、镁水平,并对其与儿童生长发育关系进行分析。结果矮身材儿童血铅明显高于正常对照组,锌、钙、铁明显低于正常对照组（P〈0．05）。而血镉、铜、镁与对照组则无明显差异。矮身材组血铅男童明显高于女童（P〈0．05）。结论矮身材儿童的生长发育迟缓可能与高血铅,低血锌、钙、铁密切相关。儿童铅中毒防治和合理的膳食结构是降低儿童矮身材发生率的重要措施。     

老年2型糖尿病患者颈动脉病变与血清铜锌的关系

目的 探讨老年2型糖尿病患者大血管病变与血清微量元素的关系.方法 随机选择非老年2型糖尿病患者和老年2型糖尿病患者各90例,以90例健康体检者作为对照组.采用原子吸收光谱法测定血铜和血锌水平,超声检测颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT),同时检测患者血压、体重指数、血糖、血脂.将血铜和血锌水平与血压、体重指数、血糖、血脂和IMT值等进行Pearson相关性检验.结果 非老年组与老年组腰臀比和体重指数比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).与非老年组比较,老年组的血压、血清FPG、HbA1c、HOMA-IR、TC、TG和LDL-C水平更高,而血清HDL-C水平则更低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与对照组比较,非老年组和老年组的血铜水平、铜/锌比值和IMT值显著升高,而血锌水平显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与非老年组比较,老年组上述指标变化更明显(P＜0.05).直线相关分析显示:非老年组和老年组的血铜水平与IMT、FPG和HbA1c呈正相关;而血锌水平与IMT、FPG和HbA1c呈负相关.结论 老年糖尿病患者的血铜水平升高以及血锌水平降低可能是IMT增厚的一个因素.     

哮喘病人头发和血清锌、铜的测定与分析

７３例哮喘病人与健康人相比，发锌、铜含量下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），血清锌含量下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），血清铜含量增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

200例婴幼儿微量元素检测结果分析与社会伦理对策

目的了解婴幼儿体内铁、锌、钙、镁、铜、铅、镉元素的含量,探讨其缺乏的干预对策。方法使用BS-2H型微量元素分析仪对门诊体检的200例0—3岁婴幼儿末梢血进行铁、锌、钙、镁、铜、铅、镉的检测。结果婴幼儿中缺铁居第1位（46．5％）,缺钙居第2位（41．0％）,其次为缺锌（39．0％）。血铅高38例,占19．0％。50例留守儿童缺锌、缺铁、缺钙检出率分别为88．0％、96．0％和76．0％。微量元素铜、镁、镉无明显失衡。结论婴幼儿为生长发育最快时期,易缺乏铁、锌、钙元素,且年龄越小,越易缺乏,特别是留守儿童缺乏更明显;铅元素则随年龄增加而上升。重点应关注留守婴幼儿,强调饮食合理,营养平衡及孕期合理营养。     

肝硬化、肝癌病人体内微量元素铜、锌、硒的代谢变化

本文对同期住院的肝硬化病人(27例)、肝癌病人(19例)行血清铜、锌、硒测定,发现肝硬化、肝癌病人血清铜升高,血清锌、硒降低,这些变化可能对肝脏病变的发生及发展产生影响,对诊断及治疗提供帮助。     

锌制剂在小儿游走性舌炎治疗中的意义

目的研究地图舌与微量元素的关系,及用含锌制剂治疗前后微量元素的变化情况。方法随机选取41例1—6岁地图舌患儿作为实验组,50例1～6岁正常儿童作为对照组,分别采集实验组和对照组儿童的血清,用火焰原子化分光光度法测定微量元素;用含锌制剂治疗41例地图舌患儿,观察治疗效果并随访六个月后再次测定其血清微量元素的含量。结果治疗前实验组比对照组血锌含量低,血清铜含量高,差异具显著性（P〈0．001,P〈0．05）;血清铁、镁含量的差异无显著统计学意义（P〉0．05）。六个月后跟治疗前相比,实验组血锌含量升高,血清铜含量降低,差异具显著性（P〈0．001,P〈0．05）。六个月后,实验组跟对照组血清微量元素的差异均无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论微量元素锌缺乏,铜含量的增高可能是游走性舌炎的一个重要病因,临床上补充锌能有效治疗小儿游走性舌炎。     

成人原发性肾病综合征患者血清微量元素水平变化及施尔康治疗价值的探讨

目的　进一步明确原发性肾病综合征 (PNS)患者微量元素的代谢状态 ,并试图寻求一种简便经济的治疗措施。方法　应用火焰原子分光光度法检测 56例成人PNS患者和 38例正常人血清微量元素锌及铜水平 ;分析PNS患者两种微量元素水平与血清白蛋白水平及 2 4小时尿蛋白排泌量的相关关系 ;同时对多种微量元素及维生素复合物———施尔康治疗的作用进行随访观察。结果　PNS患者血清锌及铜水平均较正常人显著降低 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;PNS患者血清锌及铜水平均分别与 2 4小时尿蛋白排泄量呈负相关 (P <0 .0 0 5) ,与血清白蛋白水平呈正相关关系 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;经 4周正规强的松治疗 ,施尔康治疗组PNS患者血清微量元素水平较非治疗组有较明显的改善 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,但不能显著促进PNS的缓解和增加其缓解率 (P >0 .0 5)。结论　成人PNS患者存在微量元素缺乏的问题 ,适当补充微量元素是PNS治疗的一部分 ;施尔康治疗对成人PNS患者微量元素代谢异常是一种简便经济的措施     

精神分裂症及情感性障碍病人的血清微量元素测定

目的探索精神分裂症及情感性障碍病人血清微量元素变化。方法采用原子吸收分光光度计测定精神分裂症（105例）及情感性障碍（29例）血清微量元素含量，并与同地区健康志愿居民（100例）进行对照研究。结果精神分裂症及情感性障碍病人治疗前血清钙、铜、铁均显著增高（P＜0.001），血清镁、锌均显著降低（P＜0.001）;精神分裂症病人治疗四周末及六周末血清镁、锌显著高于治疗前（P＜0.01），治疗六周末，血清钙、铜、铁显著低于治疗前（P＜0.01）;各组血清微量元素的变化均无性别差异（P＞0.05）。结论血清中某些微量元素含量在精神分裂症及情感性障碍发病期与健康者之间存在一定差异。提示精神分裂症及情感性障碍的发病与血清微量元素的改变有关联。     

扶正抗感膏方配合耳穴贴压法治疗反复呼吸道感染32例患儿临床观察

目的:探讨扶正抗感膏方配合耳穴贴压法治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染(RRTI)缓解期(肺脾气虚证)的临床疗效及对免疫功能及血清微量元素变化的影响。方法:将64例患儿随机分为治疗组和对照组各32例,治疗组采用口服扶正抗感膏方配合双侧耳穴贴压法治疗,对照组给予转移因子口服液口服,两组均以8周为一个疗程,疗程结束后均随访1年。比较分析两组总疗效,检测治疗前后IgG、IgM、IgA及血清锌、铁、铜水平的变化情况。结果:治疗组总有效率为93.3%,对照组为68.9%;两组比较具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与治疗前及对照组相比,治疗组IgG、IgA、血锌、血铁水平均升高,具有统计学意义(P<0.05和P<0.01)。结论:扶正抗感膏方配合耳穴贴压法对肺脾气虚型小儿RRTI临床疗效显著,其机制与该疗法有效调节免疫功能、纠正锌等微量元素失衡有关。