钴基催化剂固定床有效导热系数

在165~265℃及常压条件下,采用稳态法测定了气体处于静态时活性组分呈蛋壳型分布的钴基催化剂固定床的有效导热系数,并根据稳态法理论,拟合实验数据获得了固定床有效导热系数与气体导热系数和催化剂导热系数之间的关联式. 实验数据与拟合结果的最大偏差和标准偏差的绝对值分别为1.74%和0.43%. 将实验数据与前人的相关预测模型计算值进行了比较,结果表明,二者吻合良好. 利用气体处于静态时固定床的有效导热系数、Re和Pr,获得了气体流动时固定床径向有效导热系数的计算式.     

热探针法测量陶瓷粉末导热系数的实验研究

以Al2O3粉末为例,在分析探针法测量原理的基础上,用热探针法对Al2O3粉末的导热系数进行测量,研究在不同含水率和温度下Al2O3粉末导热系数的变化情况。试验结果发现,Al2O3粉末的导热系数随着秸秆密度,温度和含水率的增加而增加,并基本呈线性关系。     

煅后石油焦热物理性能研究

利用高温导热系数测试仪、TGA/DSC1同步热分析仪研究了煅后石油焦的导热系数、比热容等热物理性能。结果表明:随着温度的升高,煅后石油焦的导热系数和比热容均升高,当温度超过200℃时,导热系数和比热容均出现异常变化,煅后石油焦的氧化起始点为200℃;对导热系数实验数据进行了回归分析,得到了煅后石油焦的导热系数实验关联方程。     

一个新的颗粒填充聚合物复合材料导热模型

基于最小热阻力法则和比等效导热系数法则,建立一新的颗粒填充聚合物复合材料的导热模型并导出等效导热系数公式。应用该公式估算了酚醛树脂／铝粉和酚醛树脂／石墨复合材料的等效导热系数,并与试验测量数据比较。结果表明,导热系数的理论预测值和试验数据相当接近。     

有机物水溶液导热系数的关联

根据对有机物水溶液导热系数影响因素的分析,在Horvath液体导热系数关系式的基础上,导出了估算有机物水溶液导热系数的计算模型;利用该模型计算了14个体系中447个数据点的不同温度和组成的二元水溶液导热系数;结果表明,计算值与实验数据吻合很好,其与实验值的总平均相对偏差为1.03％,计算准确性优于文献方法。本文计算方法简单方便,只需知道水溶液各组分的临界温度、临界体积和导热系数数据,就可以直接预测各种温度和组成的有机物水溶液混合物的导热系数。     

有机物混合液导热系数的预测

文章根据液体物质的导热系数与密度的关系,导出了估算有机物混合液导热系数的计算模型。利用该模型计算了53个体系369个数据点的二元有机物混合液导热系数,计算值与实验值的总平均相对偏差为1.434%,计算值与实验数据吻合较好,计算准确性优于文献方法;文章方法简单方便,只需要混合液各组分的临界温度、临界体积和导热系数数据,就可以直接预测各种温度和组成的有机物混合液的导热系数。     

有机物混合液导热系数的估算

通过对液体导热系数与密度关系的分析研究,提出了估算有机物混合液导热系数的计算模型;利用该模型计算了55个体系377个数据点的二元有机物混合液导热系数,计算值与实验值的总平均相对偏差为1.48%,计算值与实验数据吻合很好,计算准确性优于文献方法;本文方法简单方便,只需要混合液各组分的导热系数数据,就可以直接预测各种温度和组成的有机物混合液的导热系数。     

加压下液体物质导热系数的关联和预测

在采用查表法估算加压下液体导热系数的Missenard法的基础上,利用液体物质导热系数的文献数据,导出了估算加压下液体导热系数的计算模型.利用该模型计算了加压下18种液体物质313个数据点的导热系数数据,计算值与实验值的总平均相对偏差为3.08％,计算值与实验数据吻合很好,计算准确性优于文献方法；文中方法简单方便,只需...     

炭黑用量及硫化对橡胶导热系数的影响

利用闪光导热分析仪LFA 447 Nanoflash^TM测量了橡胶的导热系数,研究了炭黑用量及硫化对橡胶导热系数的影响。实验结果表明：当炭黑用量在高范围变动时,混炼胶的导热系数随其用量的增加而降低;混炼胶的导热系数大于硫化橡胶。     

液体纯物质导热系数的预测

在估算导热系数的Weber方程和Sato—Riedel法的基础上,根据对液体导热系数影响因素的分析,提出了估算液体导热系数的计算模型。利用该模型计算了34种液体物质（包括27种有机物和7种无机物）100个数据点的导热系数,计算值与试验值的总平均相对偏差为3．00％,计算准确性优于文献方法,方法简单方便,利用被估算液体物质的摩尔质量、临界温度临界压缩因子和正常沸点温度数据,就可以直接预测这些液体在不同温度下的导热系数。     

Study of Nano-Porous Silicon with Low Thermal Conductivity as Thermal Insulating Material

Recently discovered phenomenon of extremely low thermal conductivity of nano-porous silicon (nano-PS) is discussed in detail. A theoretical model describing specific mechanisms of heat transport in as-prepared and oxidized nano-PS layers is described. The theoretical estimations are in a good agreement with experimental data obtained earlier. The low thermal conductivity values allow to use this promising material as thermal insulator in microsensors and microsystems. To ensure an efficient thermal isolation, a nano-PS layer has to be as thick as possible and mechanically stable. We describe here the procedures to form thick (up to 200 m) and stable nano-PS layers. Distribution of Si oxidized fraction along the layer thickness after thermal oxidation in dry O₂ atmosphere at 300°C during 1 h is studied.     

Thermal conductivity of carbon fiber/liquid crystal polymer composites

Thermally conductive resins are needed for bipolar plates in fuel cells. Currently, the materials used for these bipolar plates often contain a single type of graphite in a thermosetting resin. In this study, varying amounts of two different types of polyacrylonitrile based carbon fibers, Fortafil 243 and Panex 30, were added to a thermoplastic matrix (Vectra A950RX Liquid Crystal Polymer). The resulting single filler composites were tested for thermal conductivity and a simple exponential thermal conductivity model was developed for the square root of the product of the in‐plane and through‐plane thermal conductivity . The experiments showed that the through‐plane thermal conductivity was similar for composites up to 40 vol % fiber. However, at higher loadings, the Panex 30 samples exhibited higher thermal conductivity. The experiments also showed that the in‐plane thermal conductivity of composites containing Panex 30 was higher than those containing Fortafil 243 for all volume fractions studied. Finally, the model agreed very well with experimental data covering a large range of filler volume fraction (from 0 to 55 vol % for both single filler systems). The model can be used with existing through‐plane thermal conductivity models to predict in‐plane thermal conductivity. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 5456–5462, 2006     

Thermal Conductivity of a Glass: II. The Empirical Model

The temperature-dependent thermal (phonon) conductivity of solid and molten glasses is simulated using a simple empirical model. The power model (T) = 1.68[C _p(T)/(T)]^0.38, which relates the thermal conductivity and the ratio of the specific heat to the density, adequately describes more than half the available experimental data. The standard deviation of the calculation from the experiment is equal to 12%. This accuracy is close to the accuracy of currently available additive models for calculating the thermal conductivity from the composition. The proposed model predicts that the thermal (phonon) conductivity of molten silicate glasses is virtually temperature independent.     

Thermal conductivity of graphite refractories

Summary The method developed for measuring the thermal conductivity of graphitic refractories up to 1150° C makes it possible to obtain results with a reproducibility of about 3% with a maximum theoretical error of up to 8%.The relationship obtained for temperature and in the 600–1100° C range shows a strictly linear reduction in thermal conductivity with rise in temperature, which enables extrapolation to be made up to 1400° C.Owing to the development of texture during pressing, the coefficients of thermal conductivity of the goods in the directions perpendicular and parallel to the forces of pressing are different by a factor of 1.4.The proposed method can be used for studying the thermal properties of electric conducting ceramics possessing a high thermal conductivity.     

精制沥青中间相热转化的研究

以2种精制沥青(LSP和HSP)为原料,通过常压热转化反应,研究了热转化过程中产物的QI和TI随反应时间的变化规律.分析表明,随着反应温度的升高和反应时间的延长,沥青的各向异性组分不断增加.其中LSP沥青生成的中间相小球大于HSP沥青生成的中间相小球.400℃恒温9h,LSP沥青的软化点达到242℃,HSP沥青的软化点达到220℃.     

Thermal conductivity of liquid phase sintered silicon carbide

This study investigates the thermal diffusivity and conductivity of YAG/AlN-alloyed LPS-SiC as a function of composition and temperature using the laser-flash technique. Maxwell's model for the thermal conductivity of composites with spherical inclusions is adapted to typical features of the LPS-microstructure and its predictions are compared with experimental data. The results indicate that the thermal conductivity of LPS-SiC is controlled by (i) concentration of impurity atoms in the SiC-phase, (ii) fraction of bulk oxide phase and (iii) amorphous interphases which act as thermal resistance barriers.     

Effect of particle size on the thermal conductivity of nanofluids containing metallic nanoparticles

A one-parameter model is presented for the thermal conductivity of nanofluids containing dispersed metallic nanoparticles. The model takes into account the decrease in thermal conductivity of metal nanoparticles with decreasing size. Although literature data could be correlated well using the model, the effect of the size of the particles on the effective thermal conductivity of the nanofluid could not be elucidated from these data. Therefore, new thermal conductivity measurements are reported for six nanofluids containing silver nanoparticles of different sizes and volume fractions. The results provide strong evidence that the decrease in the thermal conductivity of the solid with particle size must be considered when developing models for the thermal conductivity of nanofluids.     

基于分形理论的翅片管气化器霜层热导率

基于分形理论的DLA模型,数值模拟了翅片管气化器表面霜层生长过程,同时对霜层生长形态进行了实验观测,得到了不同时刻的霜层生长图像。计算了气化器表面霜层剖面孔隙面积分布分形维数与分形孔隙率,模拟图像与实验图像的对比表明两者取得良好的一致,验证了数值模拟的合理性。在此基础上建立了霜层导热的分形模型,采用热阻法给出了霜层热导率表达式。计算结果表明,用该方法确定的霜层热导率与实测得到的霜层有效热导率值域范围是相符的。并通过与其他导热模型的比较,验证了将剖面面积分布分形维数引入导热模型以确定霜层热导率的可行性,从而为霜层热导率的理论研究开辟了一条新路。     

基于导热形状因子的泡沫金属导热特性分析

通过理论分析引入用于定向计算泡沫金属等效热导率的导热形状因子（m）,并基于文献报道的大量实验数据对m进行了计算和分析。研究发现,m随泡沫金属材质、孔隙率及孔密度变化呈显著随机波动现象,无固定趋势或规律可循;泡沫金属等效热导率的准确预测需纳入多孔泡沫结构定向形变效应影响。鉴于此,通过直接数值模拟获得了m随孔胞形变参数（即沿泡沫金属宏观传热方向与其垂直方向的胞径比）变化的无量纲准则关联式,进而提出了基于m定向预测泡沫金属等效热导率的新方法。对比文献报道实验数据及基于各向同性结构假设的理论模型预测结果发现,上述方法可提高等效热导率的预测精度（平均偏差为0.77%）。     

Thermal Conductivity of Zinc Oxide: From Green to Sintered State

The thermal conductivity of ZnO with different particle sizes (micrometer, submicrometer, and nanometer) was measured using the laser flash technique. As the "green" samples were heated from room temperature to 600°C (and 1000°C) and then cooled down to room temperature, the thermal conductivity was measured in situ . A model for interparticle neck growth was developed based on mass transfer to the neck region of a powder as a result of known temperature. By combining this model with a three-dimensional numerical code, the thermal conductivity of ZnO was calculated. Excellent agreement between the theoretical calculation and experimental data was found.