吕梁地区遗传性耳聋GJB2基因和mtDNA1555位点的突变筛查

目的通过对吕梁地区96例耳聋患者的GJB2基因和mtDNA1555位点突变筛查,了解该地区的基因突变情况及热点突变位点。方法采用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）扩增96例标本的GJB2基因和mtDNA1555位点所在区段,产物酶切、测序分析。结果96例标本共计检出10个GJB2基因突变位点,与编码连接蛋白的非综合征耳聋突变数据库（http：／／davinci．crg．es／deafness／index．php？seccion=mut_db＆db=nonsynd）比对,8个位点已见报道,其中包括4个多肽位点c．79G〉A、C．341A〉G、c．608T〉C、C．457G〉A和4个致病位点C．235delC、e．109G〉A、c．176-C．191dell6和C．299-c．300delAT,其中,c．235delC是主要突变方式,携带率为6．25％（12／192）;2个位点（c．IVS1—35G〉T和c．88A〉G）属首次报道。酶切发现1例患者携带mt．1555纯合突变,后经测序发现还携带有mt．1438A〉G突变位点。结论吕梁地区耳聋患者以GJB2C．235delC为主要致病位点,本次研究结果为吕梁地区的耳聋预防奠定了基础,同时为今后临床医师诊断、治疗及遗传咨询提供了参考。     

长治地区耳聋患者常见耳聋基因GJB2、GJB3和线粒体DNA 12S rRNA 1555A〉G相关性分析

目的通过对长治地区115例耳聋患者常见基因GJB2、GJB3和线粒体DIqA 12S rRNA 1555A〉G测序分析,研究该地区耳聋基因的突变情况及热点突变位点。方法收集长治地区特殊教育学校的115q,J耳聋患者的外周血样本,提取其DblA后对它的目的基因进行扩增并测序。结果115例耳聋患者中GJB2基因检测到81例发生突变,并发现了10个突变位点,其中C．7657T〉c是主要的多态位点,其携带率为22．6％（52／115）。另外,长治地区发现2例线粒体DNAl555A〉G位点突变,未检测出GJB3基因突变位点。结论通过对长治地区常见耳聋基因突变位点的研究,了解该地区的耳聋基因突变谱,为后续国内耳聋基因型分布提供数据支持,同时也为耳聋的早期诊断,治疗提供理论依据。     

忻州地区耳聋患者常见耳聋基因GJB2、GJB3和线粒体DNA 12S rRNA 1555A〉G相关性分析

目的通过对忻州地区83例耳聋患者常见基因GJB2、GJB3和线粒体DNA 12S rRNA 1555A〉G测序分析,从分子水平研究该地区人群聋病的遗传病因和特点,为临床防聋治聋提供策略、依据。方法收集忻州地区83例耳聋患者外周血样本,提取DNA后对目的基因扩增并进行测序分析。结果83例耳聋患者中GJB2基因检测到57例发生突变,9个突变位点,与编码连接蛋白的非综合症耳聋突变数据库（http：／／davinci．crg．OS／deafneSS／index．php？Seccion=mut_db＆db=nonsynd）比对,8个位点已见报道,其中包括3个多态位点c．79G〉A、c．341A〉G、c．368C〉A和5个致病位点c．235delC、c．30-35delC、c．109G〉A、c．176-c．191dell6和c．299-c．300delAT,其中,c．79G〉A和c．341A〉G是主要突变方式,携带率为30．12％（42／174）和23．49％（39／166）。新发现1例未见报道的突变位点c．186C〉T;患者均未检测出GJB3和线粒体DNA12SrRNA1555A〉G基因突变位点。结论通过对忻州地区常见耳聋基因突变位点的研究,了解忻州地区该基因突变谱,为后续国内耳聋基因型分布提供数据支持,同时也为耳聋的早期诊断、治疗提供理论依据。     

GJB2基因p.V37I变异及类型与耳聋致病风险的荟萃分析

目的探讨GJB2基因p.V37I变异及类型与耳聋致病风险的相关性。方法检索时间为建库至2021年4月23日的PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据资源及维普等数据库, 查找关于GJB2基因c.109G>A(p.V37I)变异及复合其他位点变异与耳聋相关的病例-对照研究、队列研究以及横断面研究报道。按照纳入与排除标准筛选文献、提取资料并按评价标准评价纳入的研究, 采用Stata 12.0软件进行荟萃分析和发表偏倚分析, 必要时做敏感性分析。结果共纳入22篇文献(英文17篇, 中文5篇), 耳聋组7455例, 对照组10 464例。荟萃分析结果提示GJB2等位基因c.109G>A(p.V37I)变异与耳聋致病风险显著相关(OR: 3.56, 95%CI: 2.31-5.47,P<0.001)。按GJB2基因p.V37I变异的类型进行分析的结果显示:p.V37I(109G>A)纯合变异(OR: 11.36, 95%CI: 5.93-21.74,P<0.001)、复合杂合截短变异(OR: 9.27, 95%CI: 3.97...     

大同地区耳聋基因GJB2和mtDNA1555突变分析

目的通过筛查大同地区87例耳聋患者常见基因GJB2和mtDNA1555的突变频率,研究该地区CJB2和mtD-NA1555基因突变情况及热点突变位点。方法采集大同地区87例耳聋患者外周血,对目的基因扩增并进行测序分析。结果所有患者中有58例GJB2基因检测到11个突变位点,与编码连接蛋白的非综合征耳聋突变数据库（http：／／davinci．crg．es／deafness／index．php？section=mut_db＆db=nonsynd）比对,9个位点已见报道,其中包括5个多肽位点c．79G〉A、c．341A〉G、c．608T〉C、c．368C〉A、c．765T〉C和4个致病住点c．235delc、c．109G〉A、c．176-c．191del16和c．299-c．300delAT,其中,c．79G〉A是主要突变方式,携带率为24．14％（42／174）。新发现两例未见报道的突变位点c．277A〉G和c．558G〉A;患者中只有1例检测到mtDNA1555A〉G位点突变。结论通过对大同地区GJB2基因和mtD-NA1555突变位点的研究,了解大同地区该基因突变谱,为后续国内耳聋基因型分布提供数据支持,同时也为耳聋的早期诊断,治疗提供理论依据。     

榆次地区非综合征性耳聋患者GJB2基因的检测分析

目的通过对榆次地区100q,J非综合征性耳聋患者GJB2基因突变位点的筛查,了解该地区耳聋基因的突变特点,为耳聋的早期诊断提供依据。方法收集榆次地区100例非综合征性耳聋患者的外周血标本,提取全血基因组DNA后,用聚合酶链反应（PCR）对目的片段进行扩增并测序,结果在GenBank上比对分析。结果100例耳聋患者中,检测到90例患者发生基因突变,其中有3,k位点未见报道：c．54C〉A（2．5％）、c．319h〉G（0．5＊／0）、c．512-5l3insAhCG（O．5％）;4个位点突变发生率较高：C．79G〉A（26．50％）、c．235delC（12．00％）、c．341A〉G（20．50％）、c．765T〉C（13．50％）;另外还检测出8个突变发生率较低的位点：c．109G〉A（1．5％）、C．176-19ldell6（1．00％）、C．223C〉T（1．00％）、c．253T〉C（0．50％）、c．299-300delAT（3．50％）、C．328delG（0．50％）、c．368C〉h（0．50％）、C．608T〉C（2．00％）。结论通过对榆次地区耳聋患者GJB2基因的检测分析,可以明确耳聋患者的病因,了解该地区的耳聋基因突变情况,为今后的耳聋患者的病因学诊断提供参考。     

遗传性非综合征型耳聋患者GJB2基因编码序列分析

目的 对6个遗传性非综合征型耳聋家系成员的GJB2基因编码序列进行分析,寻找耳聋患者的致病基因突变,探讨GJB2基因突变致病的遗传模式.方法 提取患者及家系成员的外周血基因组DNA,扩增GJB2基因的编码序列,然后对扩增产物进行DNA测序,对出现重叠峰形的扩增产物进行TA克隆后再测序,确定基因突变是否存在于同一拷贝.结果 6个遗传性非综合征型耳聋家系中,4个家系是GJB2基因突变所致.患者的GJB2基因突变包括235delC、299-300delAT、79G→A+341A→G和109G→A.非致聋突变79G→A与341A→G组合具有致聋效应,109G→A和235delC的杂合突变可能也有致聋效应.结论 GJB2基因突变致聋具有明显异质性,非致聋突变并非完全不致聋,环境因素或其它基因可能参与GJB2基因突变所致耳聋.     

2623例新生儿听力筛查和GJB2基因检测结果分析

目的探讨常规听力筛查的同时进行GJB2基因检测的可行性。方法采取知情同意、自愿选择的原则,对2623例新生儿出生后2-3天采集足跟血,利用飞行时间质谱技术对GJB2耳聋基因进行检测,包括5个热点突变位点235delC、299-300delAT、35delG、l76-191dell6、167delT突变,并采用GSI耳声发射仪（DPOAE）进行新生儿听力筛查。结果2623例新生儿中GJB2基因检测阳性率3．20％,其中听力初筛通过婴儿中基因阳性率2．50％,听力初筛未通过婴儿中基因阳性率5．21％,听力初筛未通过GJB2耳聋基因阳性率高于听力初筛通过婴儿,差异性显著（P〈0．01）。l例GJB2235del纯合突变经ABR检查确诊为双耳中重度听力损失。结论 将JB2基因筛查和常规听力筛查联合对早期发现新生儿语前听力损失或迟发的听力损失,及婚育指导具有重要意义。     

广东汉族人PCSK9基因E670G位点多态性与冠心病相关性研究

目的通过对中国广东地区冠心病（CAD）患者和健康个体前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/西布曲明9a型（PCSK9）基因E670G位点单核苷酸多态性（SNP）的研究,分析其在CAD患者和健康人中的分布,以及与冠心病和血脂代谢的相关性。结论采集经冠脉造影确诊的CAD患者血液标本165例,健康人血液标本180例,分别提取基因组DNA模板,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）方法分析PCSK9基因E670G位点SNP,并用基因测序法验证结果。血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）浓度水平采用酶法测定。结果中国广东地区CAD患者和健康人群在该位点的等位基因频率、基因型频率分布差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。CAD患者组和对照组之间TC、LDL-C、HDL-C水平差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,TG水平差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。CAD患者组中AA和AG基因型之间LDL-C、HDL-C的差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,TC、TG的差异没有统计学意义（P〉0.05）;与非670G携带者比较,670G携带者血LDL-C水平增高,血HDL-C水平降低。AG基因型的冠脉病变支数明显高于AA基因型,其差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 PCSK9基因E670G多态性与血LDL-C、HDL-C水平,以及冠心病病变严重程度相关联。     

脂多糖对白细胞介素27的调节作用及其与环氧化酶2及前列腺素E2之间的相关性研究

目的 探讨脂多糖(LPS)在THP-1细胞对白细胞介素27(IL-27)的调节作用,阐明IL-27与环氧化酶2(COX-2)及前列腺素E2(PGE2)之间的关系.方法 采用不同浓度的LPS和IL-27刺激THP-1细胞,并在不同时间采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测细胞上清中IL-27和PGE2的含量,同时采用反转录PCR和Western blot检测COX-2的mRNA和蛋白表达的变化.结果 LPS在THP-1细胞能够诱导IL-27的产生,并呈时间和剂量依赖关系;IL-27能够在mRNA和蛋白水平诱导COX-2的表达,同时诱导PGE2的产生,其诱导作用呈时间和剂量依赖效应.结论 LPS能够在细胞水平刺激IL-27的分泌,同时IL-27能够诱导COX-2的表达和PGE2的产生.     

Allelic discrimination of cis-trans relationships by digital polymerase chain reaction: GJB2 (p.V27I/p.E114G) and CFTR (p.R117H/5T)

PurposeTo distinguish the cis-trans relationship of two sequence changes and to arrive at an accurate molecular diagnosis for autosomal recessive disorders, methods such as Sanger sequencing cannot differentiate whether sequence changes are in cis or trans. In addition, most techniques theoretically appropriate for allelic discrimination depend on the specific identified sequence changes for assay design, need extensive optimization, or may not be suitable. We developed a method that does not fully depend on the specific nucleotide changes. It enables efficient assay design and practical implementation of allelic discrimination.MethodsDigital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to separate and amplify alleles. Sanger sequencing was subsequently used to identify sequence changes.ResultsWe developed a cost-effective digital PCR method for allelic discrimination of short amplicons and demonstrated it with p.Val27Ile and p.Glu114Gly in GJB2 as an example. We also successfully developed a long-range digital PCR approach to determine the cis-trans relationship of p.Arg117His and 5T in the CFTR gene.ConclusionDigital PCR for allelic discrimination can be clinically implemented to determine the allelic configuration of relatively common sequence changes which frequently appear together and have clinical ramifications, such as the combination of p.Val27Ile and p.Glu114Gly in the GJB2 gene and p.Arg117His and 5T in CFTR.     

遗传性耳聋检测及风险分析

遗传性耳聋由遗传缺陷引起,与基因异常及相关的综合症关系密切,属临床常见疾病。鉴于目前绝大多数的遗传性耳聋无有效治疗手段,遗传咨询的意义显得尤为重要,其核心问题为遗传风险的估算。简要介绍了遗传性耳聋的分类以及利用致病基因特点和家系信息进行概率分析的方法。     

Allele specific oligonucleotide analysis of the common deafness mutation 35delG in the connexin 26 (GJB2) gene

Despite the large number of genes that are expected to be involved in non-syndromal, recessive deafness, only a few have been cloned. One of these genes is GJB2, which encodes connexin 26. A frameshift mutation in this gene has been reported to be common in several populations and a carrier frequency of about 1 in 30 people has been detected in Italy and Spain. Mutation 35delG is difficult to detect because it lies within a stretch of six guanines flanked by thymines, so the deletion of one G does not create or destroy a restriction site and mutagenesis primers are not useful for this mutation. We have generated an allele specific oligonucleotide method that uses 12-mer oligonucleotides and easily discriminates between the normal and 35delG alleles. The method should permit a rapid analysis of this mutation in congenital cases (recessive or sporadic), including diagnosis and carrier detection of 35delG in the population.     

Exploring the clinical and epidemiological complexity of GJB2-linked deafness

GJB2 mutation analysis was performed in 179 unrelated subjects with sporadic or familial hearing loss (HL). Among 57 families, 18 showed a vertical transmission of HL, the disease being present in two or three generations. Besides 155 nonsyndromic cases, 24 patients presenting with extra-auditory clinical signs were included in the molecular study. GJB2 mutation analysis was also performed in 19 subjects with an anamnestic history of perinatal risks factors for acquired HL. The 35delG mutation accounted for 22.1% of analyzed chromosomes in sporadic cases and 39.4% in familial cases; 35delG prevalence reached 41% in autosomal recessive and 44.4% in pseudodominant pedigrees. Two novel GJB2 mutations were identified in compound heterozygosity with 35delG allele (D159V, 284ins/dup[CACGT]). Two 35delG homozygous subjects were identified among HL cases classified as environmental in origin. Four patients 35delG heterozygous (35delG/V95M, 35delG/L90P, 35delG/167delT, and 35delG/?) and two homozygous presented with extra-auditory clinical signs involving different organs (skin, vascular system, hemopoietic lineages, and thyroid). In a high proportion of 35delG heterozygous HL patients (52%), no second GJB2 mutation was detected. The reported data highlight the complexity of the genetic epidemiology of GJB2-linked deafness, further enlarging the spectrum of situations in which GJB2 mutation analysis should be performed. The presence of extra-auditory signs in a significant portion of GJB2-mutated patients suggests the possibility that GJB2 loss of function could contribute to clinical phenotypes presenting in association with deafness. This hypothesis deserves further investigation. The failure to identify a presumed partnering GJB2 mutation in a high proportion of deaf patients remains a challenging problem to be clarified.     

Mutations of Cx26 gene (GJB2) for prelingual deafness in Taiwan

Mutations in the Cx26 (GJB2) gene have been shown to be responsible for a major part of autosomal recessive non-syndromic inherited prelingual deafness. We have sequenced the coding region of GJB2 gene from 169 Taiwanese patients with prelingual deafness and 100 unrelated normal individuals. In the deaf patients, three mutations were found: two novel mutations, 551G-->A, and 299-300delAT, and one previously described mutation, 235delC. Four previously reported polymorphisms, 79G-->A, 109G-->A, 341A-->G, and 608T-->C, were also found in both deaf patients and normal individuals and one new possible polymorphism, 558G-->A, which was only found in a patient. Interestingly, we did not find the 35delG allele, which is commonly found in the Caucasian population, either in the patients or in normal individuals we examined. Our data also showed 235delC to be the most common type of mutation found in Cx26 mutants (approximately 57%). Therefore, based on our findings, we have developed a simple molecular test for the 235delC mutation and it should be of considerable help to those families to understand the cause of their children having the prelingual deafness.