子宫内膜癌微血管密度及血管内皮生长因子表达的研究

目的　探讨子宫内膜癌血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)的表达 ,微血管生成及其与临床病理参数的关系。方法　采用S P免疫组化染色法检测 50例子宫内膜癌及 1 0例正常子宫内膜中VEGF的表达及计数微血管密度 (MVD)。结果　子宫内膜癌中VEGF表达阳性率 (92 % ) ,MVD(46 .0± 4 .5)显著高于正常子宫内膜的表达率 (30 % ,MVD1 4 .0± 1 .7,P <0 .0 1 )。 43例子宫内膜癌浸润深度 <1 / 2肌层 ,其VEGF表达率为 90 .7% ,7例肌层浸润深度 >1 / 2 ,VEGF全部阳性表达 ,经统计学处理差别无意义 ,肿瘤浸润深度 >1 / 2肌层组MVD(69.9± 1 6 .8)显著高于浸润深度 <1 / 2肌层组 (42 .8± 4 .4) ,差别有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5)。VEGF表达率 ,MVD与其它临床病理因素不相关。结论　VEGF ,MVD在子宫内膜癌中高表达 ,说明VEGF ,MVD与子宫内膜癌的发生有关。MVD可作为子宫内膜癌判断预后的参考指标     

非小细胞肺癌P53、VEGF表达及其与肿瘤血管形成的关系

目的 :探讨P5 3和血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)在非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC)中的表达及其与肿瘤血管形成的关系。方法 :用免疫组织化学方法 (S -P法 ) ,检测 76例非小细胞肺癌患者手术切除标本P5 3、VEGF蛋白表达 ,并用Ⅷ因子抗体标记瘤组织中血管内皮细胞 ,计数MVD。结果 :非小细胞肺癌区P5 3、VEGF的阳性表达率及MVD值分别为 :5 5 .2 6 % ,36 .84 % ,32 .6 1± 8.14。非小细胞肺癌组织P5 3和VEGF的阳性表达率与淋巴结转移及临床分期密切相关。P5 3(+)或VEGF(+)组MVD (37.5 6± 6 .2 8,37.37± 7.98)均显著高于P5 3(- )或VEGF(- )组 (2 7.0 0± 5 .13,2 9.5 3± 5 .83;P <0 .0 1) ;VEGF和P5 3均为阳性时 ,MVD值最大 (4 3.5 3± 5 .0 1,P <0 .0 1)。MVD与P5 3蛋白及VEGF阳性表达、VEGF阳性表达与P5 3蛋白阳性表达均呈正相关。结论 :在非小细胞肺癌血管生成过程中 ,P5 3基因、VEGF在调控肿瘤血管形成方面起重要作用。     

突变型p53、VEGF在肾细胞癌中的表达及其与血管形成的关系

目的探讨p53、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在肾细胞癌组织中的表达及其与肿瘤血管形成的关系.方法利用免疫组织化学S-P法对30例肾细胞癌组织中的p53、血管内皮生长因子的表达及微血管密度(MVD)进行研究.结果 p53、VEGF的表达和微血管密度计数均与肾细胞癌组织学分级呈正相关(P<0.05);p53和VEGF的总阳性表达率分别为53.3%(16/30)和56.7%(17/30);p53阳性或VEGF阳性组MVD(64.0±15.9;63.4±15.2)均显著高于p53阴性或VEGF阴性组(40.6±11.9;39.6±12.5;P<0.01),p53、VEGF均为阳性时,MVD值最大(67.2±14.6,P<0.01);MVD计数与VEGF表达明显相关(P<0.01);p53表达与VEGF的表达显著相关(P<0.01).结论 p53、VEGF的表达及MVD计数可作为判定肾细胞癌恶性程度的重要生物学指标;p53、VEGF的表达对肿瘤血管形成起重要作用,p53可能通过p53-VEGF调节旁路途径促进肾细胞癌的肿瘤血管形成.     

白莪星注射液对Hep-2细胞VEGF表达影响的实验研究

目的　探讨白莪星注射液对Hep - 2细胞VEGF表达的影响。 方法　根据抗癌药物敏感性实验的方法 ,计算出体外药物敏感性实验所用药物的一般浓度 ,分 4组 :阴性对照组、治疗组 1 (1 0 0倍稀释 )、治疗组 2 (1 0 0 0倍稀释 )、阳性对照 (顺铂 4 0 μmol/l) ,流式细胞仪检测VEGF的表达。 结果　 4组VEGF表达阳性率分别为 :5 72± 0 2 8%、3 34± 0 76 %、3 6 4± 0 2 1 %、4 6 0± 0 6 1 % ;1 0 0倍稀释组和 1 0 0 0倍稀释组VEGF表达阳性率显著低于阴性对照 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　白莪星注射液对VEGF蛋白的表达有抑制作用 ,白莪星注射液抗癌的分子机制与肿瘤血管形成有关     

VEGF表达及MVD与肝细胞癌侵袭、转移和预后的关系

目的 :探讨原发性肝细胞癌 (HCC)血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)及肿瘤新生血管生成与临床病理及HCC侵袭、转移和预后的关系。方法 :采用免疫组织化学方法 ,检测了 2 0例正常肝组织、2 0例肝硬化组织、5 0例HCC组织中VEGF和CD34的表达 ,以及HCC的微血管密度 (MVD)。结果 :VEGF阳性表达为癌细胞胞浆棕黄色着色 ,CD34的染色定位在血管内皮细胞上 ,HCC窦样血管CD34表达为强阳性 ;除门管区小血管分支及中央静脉外 ,癌旁肝组织、肝硬化组织、正常肝组织基本不表达CD34;HCC的MVD范围 / 32～ 2 32 ) / 0 .74mm2 ,平均 (14 8.5± 5 3.2 ) / 0 .74mm2 。HCC的VEGF表达及MVD与肿瘤大小、病灶数目、病理分级、门静脉癌栓形成、包膜是否完整均有显著关系 (P <0 .0 5或 0 .0 1) ;与患者年龄、HBsAg是否阳性无关 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;与预后亦有关 ,VEGF阴性表达及少血管组 (MVD <14 8)预后显著优于VEGF阳性表达及多血管组 (MVD≥14 8) ,术后平均无瘤生存期少血管组为 4 6个月 ,多血管组为 12个月 ,(P <0 .0 1)。结论 :CD34的表达反映了HCC的新生血管化 ,VEGF和MVD可作为判断HCC侵袭、转移和预后的指标。     

小儿肾母细胞瘤中血管生成和血管内皮生长因子及一氧化氮合酶的表达与临床分期的关系

目的　采用免疫组织化学技术 ,探讨血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)、内皮型一氧化氮合酶 (eNOS)在肾母细胞瘤微血管生成中的作用 ,揭示它们之间的关系及其与肾母细胞瘤的发生、发展等生物学特性的相关性。方法　收集手术切除的小儿肾母细胞瘤标本 5 0例 ,标本均经 1 0 %福尔马林固定 ,石腊包埋。根据术中情况及病理诊断判定临床病理分期 (按NWTS -3标准 )。其中在临床病理分期中 :Ⅰ～Ⅱ期 30例 ,Ⅲ～Ⅳ期 2 0例。采用免疫组织化学方法 (SABC法 )检测全部标本中MVD、VEGF和eNOS的表达情况。结果　 (1 )Ⅰ～Ⅱ期肾母细胞瘤中MVD值为 4 9 1 4± 1 5 70 ,在Ⅲ～Ⅳ期肾母细胞瘤中为70± 1 7 5 9,二者相比也具有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 )。 (2 )VEGF在Ⅰ～Ⅱ期肾母细胞瘤中表达率 36 6 7% ,在Ⅲ～Ⅳ期表达率为 80 0 0 % ,二者相比有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 )。 (3)eNOS在Ⅰ～Ⅱ期肾母细胞瘤中表达率为 2 0 0 0 % ,而在Ⅲ～Ⅳ期中表达率为 6 0 0 0 % ,二者相比也具有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 )。 (4 )MVD值在VEGF阳性组中为 6 5 70± 1 6 88,在阴性组中为 4 8 1 8± 1 8 1 3,二者相比有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ;MVD值在eNOS阳性组中为 73 1 3± 1 9 38,而在阴性组中为 4 8 93± 1 5 0 9,二者相比有统计学意义 (     

涎腺粘液表皮样癌中血管生成与肿瘤细胞增殖的研究

目的 :探讨涎腺粘液表皮样癌中血管内皮生长因子 (vascularendothelialgrowthfactor ,VEGF)的表达及与血管生成、肿瘤细胞增殖的关系。方法 :应用免疫组织化学SP法检测 2 8例涎腺粘液表皮样癌组织中VEGF、PCNA的表达 ,用CD34标记血管内皮细胞计数肿瘤内微血管密度 (MVD) ,并进行统计分析。结果 :本组病例VEGF阳性表达率为 82 .14 % (2 3/ 2 8) ;MVD为 30 .19± 12 .99(8～ 5 9) ,PCNA为 (2 0 .5 0± 12 .5 8) % (6 .2 3%～5 1.78% )。低分化组MVD、PCNA阳性率均高于高分化组 (P <0 .0 5 )。VEGF表达阳性的肿瘤组织MVD高于阴性者 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,VEGF表达与MVD呈正相关 (rs=0 .80 ,P <0 .0 5 )。VEGF表达、MVD与PCNA表达均无明显相关性 (相关系数分别为rs=0 .0 2 ,rs=0 .15 ,P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :涎腺粘液表皮样癌中 ,肿瘤细胞能产生VEGF促进血管生成 ;低分化粘液表皮样癌微血管密度及肿瘤细胞增殖活性均高于高分化粘液表皮样癌。     

结肠癌中VEGF、NOS的表达及其与微血管形成的关系

目的 :研究血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF) ,Ⅱ型一氧化氮合酶 (iNOS)在结肠癌组织中的表达及其与肿瘤血管形成的关系。方法 :采用免疫组化方法检测 4 0例结肠癌患者手术切除及石蜡包埋标本中VEGF、iNOS的表达 ,并以抗CD34单克隆抗体显示血管内皮细胞 ,根据CD34阳性的血管内皮计数来判定微血管密度 (MVD)。结果 :VEGF在 70 .2 % (2 9/ 4 0 )的结肠癌组织表达 ,iNOS在 82 .5 %(33/ 4 0 )肠癌组织中表达。VEGF阳性的结肠癌组织MVD为 38.2± 1.4 /高倍视野 ,VEGF阴性组织中为 2 2 .1± 2 .2 /高倍视野 ,两者有显著差异 ,(P <0 .0 1)。iNOS阳性肠癌组织MVD为 36 .8± 1.2 /高倍视野 ,iNOS阴性肠癌组织为 30 .2± 2 .4 /高倍视野 ,两者亦有显著差异。 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :结肠癌组织VEGF、iNOS与MVD形成有密切相关。     

微血管密度及血管内皮生长因子在胃癌中的表达研究

为研究血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)和微血管密度 (MVD)的表达在胃癌中的临床病理意义 ,选择 5 0例胃癌手术标本 ,采用免疫组织化学方法检测VEGF及CD3 4的表达。结果显示 :VEGF在胃癌中的阳性表达率为 6 4% ;胃癌中MVD为31.76± 13.5 6 ,其中VEGF表达阳性者MVD为 45 .38± 14.85 ,VEGF表达阴性者MVD为 18.87± 8.6 7.,二者差异有高度显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。VEGF的表达与淋巴结转移、有无癌栓明显相关 (P <0 .0 1) ,而与组织学类型无关 (P >0 .0 5 )。提示MVD、VEGF与胃癌的生长、浸润和转移有关。     

血管内皮生长因子在肾癌中的表达及其作用

目的　 探讨血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)的表达与肾癌侵袭、转移等生物学行为的关系。方法　 采用免疫组织化学技术对 4 2例肾癌和 9例正常肾组织中VEGF及微血管密度 (MVD)进行检测。结果　4 2例肾癌组织中VEGF阳性表达 2 7例 (6 4.3% ) ,MVD均值为 (6 4.38± 2 5 .17) ,显著高于正常肾组织 (P <0 .0 1)。肾癌组织中VEGF表达和MVD与其组织类型、分级、淋巴转移及 5年生存期都明显相关 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　肾癌组织中VEGF、MVD可作为判定肾癌预后的重要生物学指标     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.