广义回归神经网络在软件质量预测中的应用

软件质量预测技术是软件质量评价体系中的关键技术,它能够对用户所关心的软件质量特性进行评价。广义回归神经网络在逼近能力、分类能力和学习速度方面具有较强优势。采用基于软件度量的广义回归神经网络构造质量预测模型能够从历史数据中寻找软件度量之间的相关关系。对软件缺陷数进行预测的实验说明了模型的有效性、精确性,实验结果令人满意。     

一个软件质量评价系统的设计与实现

文中介绍了一个基于国家标准的软件质量度量模型和评价过程模型（简称ＪＴ－ＳＱＥ模型）的设计思想和主要技术，度量模型为四层次树形结构，评价过程及需求定义，度量和计分三步步骤，该模型为评价软件质量提出了一套可行的评价体系，并简单介绍了基于该模型的软件质量评价工具的结构和功能。     

基于蚁群算法优化反向传播神经网络的软件质量预测

针对基于反向传播神经网络（BPNN）的软件质量预测模型存在收敛慢、模型精度不高的问题,提出一种基于蚁群算法优化BPNN的软件质量预测（SQP-ACO-BPNN）方法。首先,选择软件质量评价指标,确立软件质量评价体系;其次,采用BPNN构建初始软件质量预测模型,并利用蚁群优化（ACO）算法确定若干网络结构、网络初始连接权值和阈值;再次,给出网络结构评价函数,选择神经网络模型的最佳结构、网络初始连接权值和阈值;最后,通过BP算法训练该网络,得到最终的软件质量预测模型。在机载嵌入式软件质量预测数据上的实验结果表明,优化后的BPNN模型有效提高了预测的准确率、精确率、召回率和F1值,并且模型能够更快收敛,验证了SQP-ACO-BPNN方法的有效性。     

基于舰载装备军用软件典型的质量评价技术

阐述了军用软件发展现状,指出了研究软件评价技术[2]研究的重用性,并分析了三种常用的软件质量评价方法,提出了舰载装备军用软件质量评价模型.舰载装备军用软件质量评价模型评价的对象为软件研制过程产品,不针对软件研制过程的评价,专家组根据软件产品的质量需求,确定度量元和评价等级,并对度量元进行集体打分,利用加权和的方法算出被评软件质量分数.文章提出的软件质量评价模型是为了保证产品能提供用户所要求的质量,及满足用户(包括操作人员、维护人员)明确的或隐含的要求.     

面向制造业信息化的软件综合评价模型研究

软件质量评价是软件质量保障研究的重要内容之一。当前软件质量评价的研究主要集中在通用模型的研究方面,普适性强但针对性差,不适用于某个特定领域或行业的软件质量评价。针对制造业信息化领域的应用需求,提出一种综合性的软件综合评价模型,系统地讨论基于该模型的软件质量综合评价方法和实现过程,并结合实际应用案例进行分析和验证。实验结果表明,该综合评价模型能有效地协助制造业企业在信息化实施时的软件评估和选型、软件评估活动的实施,从而指导面向领域应用的软件质量改进。     

软件质量模型的研究

如何提供高质量的软件已成为计算机软件领域中的重要研究课题。为了理解、度量以及预测软件和信息系统的质量，人们围绕软件质量模型展开了很多研究。一个合适的软件质量模型对软件系统的开发与评价将起到关键作用。本文介绍了软件质量与软件质量度量的基本概念，重点分析了软件质量模型方面的研究成果。     

软件质量要素的灰色关联分析及其应用

软件质量是软件开发相关各方共同关注的目标，定量评价软件质量是软件领域的难题。提出了运用灰色理论对软件质量模型的各要素进行灰色关联分析的技术方法和实例过程。结果表明，该方法理论上先进，技术上可行。     

基于ISO质量模型的软件质量评价方法

研究了软件工程中软件质量评价的问题，指出了目前软件质量评价的不足，对最新的ISO／EC9126软件质量模型进行了归纳和细化，并应用神经网络方法，将联想记忆模型应用于软件质量的评价，实验和实践证明该方法具有较好的效果。     

面向对象软件度量技术

提出了OO度量评价规则和标识一组OO度量套件的方法，一组切实可行的OO度量套件及其形式化描述方法，评价OO关键概念和结构特性。质量度量模型是软件质量评价体系中的关键技术，采用层次结构的度量模型。通过质量度量模型，就建立了软件内部属性和外部属性间的客观的定量的联系。OO软件度量框架用以规范化地帮助评测软件产品质量的过程。     

软件质量量化指标及实现方法的探讨

在ISO软件质量模型的基础上,建立质量需求评价准则(SQRC)和质量设计评价准则(SQDC)之间的定量关系,将软件质量需求指标转化为软件质量的设计指标,为软件开发人员在设计和编码阶段实施软件质量保证提供指南。它将软件质量保证的任务向设计和编码人员进行分解,有利于软件项目工程化生产过程中的质量管理,从而降低软件生产的风险。     

一种软件体系结构复杂性的评价方法*

为了满足软件体系结构复杂性的预测和评价需求,通过抽取构件之间的连接,提出了基于复合关系的分层式软件体系结构,从而能够清晰、准确地表达构件之间的关系。在该结构基础上,提出了基于加权图的复杂性评价模型,并结合实例分析了模型的使用效果。模型能够准确地刻画系统结构及构件关系,而且能够较为客观地定量评估系统结构复杂性。它具有实现过程简单、通用性强等特点。     

A classification and comparison of model checking software architecture techniques

Software architecture specifications are used for many different purposes, such as documenting architectural decisions, predicting architectural qualities before the system is implemented, and guiding the design and coding process. In these contexts, assessing the architectural model as early as possible becomes a relevant challenge. Various analysis techniques have been proposed for testing, model checking, and evaluating performance based on architectural models. Among them, model checking is an exhaustive and automatic verification technique, used to verify whether an architectural specification conforms to expected properties. While model checking is being extensively applied to software architectures, little work has been done to comprehensively enumerate and classify these different techniques.The goal of this paper is to investigate the state-of-the-art in model checking software architectures. For this purpose, we first define the main activities in a model checking software architecture process. Then, we define a classification and comparison framework and compare model checking software architecture techniques according to it.     

用QFD逆过程法评估软件质量

软件质量是软件的一组固有特性满足用户需求的总和集成。研究了基于软件用户需求特性的软件质量评估的质量功能配置的逆过程法,在已知软件质量特性的条件下,确定用户需求特性值。利用该方法,给出了评估软件质量的过程和数学模型,实例研究表明,该方法是能有效评估软件质量,按照用户需求和评估结果持续改进软件质量,提高用户满意度。     

基于预测模型的一万吨水压机模锻质量控制系统

通过对模锻过程中锻件质量影响因素的分析,提出了一种通过预测锻造比来控制锻件质量的方法;为解决一万吨多向模锻水压机模锻过程人为因素和系统干扰造成的质量波动问题提供了一种新思路,并根据模锻过程工艺特点,设计了基于预测模型的模锻过程质量闭环控制系统;该系统以模锻过程信息系统为基础,以预测模型为核心,通过适合的控制算法进行质量闭环控制实现一万吨多向模锻水压机模锻过程质量控制,以保障模锻过程质量稳定。     

基于模糊信息熵理论的教学软件质量综合评价模型

通过分析目前国内外使用的几种评估软件质量的方法,结合教学软件具体实际和综合考虑,提出利用模糊熵理论评估教学软件质量的模型,利用评价者评价完善权重知识库,该模型通过熵理论和评价指标体系,将主观权重和客观权重集结成综合权重,然后利用模糊理论进行处理得到最后处理结果,改善传统模糊理论评估方法主观因素影响过多的弊端,提高评价结果可信度,并能方便快捷地得出科学、准确、客观的评估,在实际应用中有良好的运行效果.     

An evaluation model for dependability of Internet-scale software on basis of Bayesian Networks and trustworthiness

Internet-scale software becomes more and more important as a mode to construct software systems when Internet is developing rapidly. Internet-scale software comprises a set of widely distributed software entities which are running in open, dynamic and uncontrollable Internet environment. There are several aspects impacting dependability of Internet-scale software, such as technical, organizational, decisional and human aspects. It is very important to evaluate dependability of Internet-scale software by integrating all the aspects and analyzing system architecture from the most foundational elements. However, it is lack of such an evaluation model. An evaluation model of dependability for Internet-scale software on the basis of Bayesian Networks is proposed in this paper. The structure of Internet-scale software is analyzed. An evaluating system of dependability for Internet-scale software is established. It includes static metrics, dynamic metrics, prior metrics and correction metrics. A process of trust attenuation based on assessment is proposed to integrate subjective trust factors and objective dependability factors which impact on system quality. In this paper, a Bayesian Network is build according to the structure analysis. A bottom-up method that use Bayesian reasoning to analyses and calculate entity dependability and integration dependability layer by layer is described. A unified dependability of the whole system is worked out and is corrected by objective data. The analysis of experiment in a real system proves that the model in this paper is capable of evaluating the dependability of Internet-scale software clearly and objectively. Moreover, it offers effective help to the design, development, deployment and assessment of Internet-scale software.     

面向领域的软件质量评价模型研究与应用

以GB/T16260质量模型为基础,提出一种面向领域的软件质量评价方法。首先,依据GB/T16260和针对领域软件质量评价的需求,建立一个通用模型;然后,在领域分析的基础上,生成反映领域特色的特性和子特性,并抽取GB-T16260质量模型中适用于目标领域的特性、子特性及属性,生成目标领域质量评价模型。最后,以该方法建立信贷领域质量评价模型并评价三款信贷软件系统,验证了该方法的可行性。     

Uncertain Classification of Fault-Prone Software Modules

Many development organizations try to minimize faults in software as a means for improving customer satisfaction. Assuring high software quality often entails time-consuming and costly development processes. A software quality model based on software metrics can be used to guide enhancement efforts by predicting which modules are fault-prone. This paper presents statistical techniques to determine which predictions by a classification tree should be considered uncertain. We conducted a case study of a large legacy telecommunications system. One release was the basis for the training dataset, and the subsequent release was the basis for the evaluation dataset. We built a classification tree using the TREEDISC algorithm, which is based on ² tests of contingency tables. The model predicted whether a module was likely to have faults discovered by customers, or not, based on software product, process, and execution metrics. We simulated practical use of the model by classifying the modules in the evaluation dataset. The model achieved useful accuracy, in spite of the very small proportion of fault-prone modules in the system. We assessed whether the classes assigned to the leaves were appropriate by statistical tests, and found sizable subsets of modules with uncertain classification. Discovering which modules have uncertain classifications allows sophisticated enhancement strategies to resolve uncertainties. Moreover, TREEDISC is especially well suited to identifying uncertain classifications.     

Factors Influencing Perceived Benefits and User Satisfaction in Knowledge Management Systems

This study offers a model for predicting users’ perceived benefits and user satisfaction in organizational knowledge management systems. Four constructs are theorized to influence the dependent variables: system quality, knowledge quality, user IS competence, and organizational attitude to knowledge management. The model was empirically tested among 100 respondents working in the knowledge-intensive software industry. The results suggest that knowledge management systems hold certain characteristics to be considered when evaluating technical and socio-psychological factors of users’ perceptions and attitudes toward the systems.     

一个基于设计模式的通讯服务器的设计与实现

CMM(软件能力成熟模型)是一个管理和改进软件过程质量的软件过程模型。为了提高基于CMM的软件过程质量,应有效地支持和监视软件过程的实施。CPMS(基于CMM的过程管理系统)是一个分布式过程支持系统,它支持软件过程的自动实施。本文基于设计模式描述了CPMS中通用通讯服务器的设计与实现。这种设计与实现不仅允许通讯服务器对不同的应用提供不同的功能,而且对设计其它通讯服务器也提供指导。