三角形栅格矩形径向线螺旋阵列天线的设计

为了提高矩形径向线螺旋阵列天线的极化和匹配性能,将顺序旋转相位技术应用于天线的设计中,提出了一种12单元三角形栅格矩形径向线螺旋阵列天线(子阵).螺旋天线作为单元天线.设计结果表明:天线具有较高的口径效率和良好的匹配特性,能在一定频带内实现微波的圆极化定向辐射,将多个子阵组合就可以构成高增益的大型阵列.同时,通过对子阵的特殊设计,使其具有较高的功率容量,为高功率微波的定向辐射提供了新的技术手段.     

圆形阵列天线方向图的分布函数优化方法

以离散有限长复指数和的计算为基础,讨论了二雏阵列的方向图问题.通过引入分布函数的概念,可知离散有限长复指数和为其分布函数离散傅里叶变换在1点的值.基于此结论,分析了二维阵天线阵元分布于天线方向图之间的关系:二雏阵列任意方向的方向图为其在该方向分布函数的离散傅里叶变换,该分布函数可通过统计其投影在该方向的临近区域处阵元数目获得.然后,通过对混合圆形阵列天线方向图的分析,验证了该关系的正确性,并说明了上述关系在分析阵列方向图的应用.在此基础上,进一步分析了阵元权重系数对方向的影响,发现该方法与通过改变阵列天线阵元分布的方法等效.最后,提出了基于分布函数的圆形阵列方向图优化方法,并通过仿真实验验证了该方法的可行性.该方法可通过改变圆形阵列阵元沿径向的权重系数使得其对应的任意方向的方向图与期望的窗函数近似.     

遗传算法在阵列天线方向图综合设计中的应用

本文采用遗传算法来完成阵列天线方向图综合的优化设计。     

粒子群优化算法用于阵列天线方向图综合设计

粒子群优化算法是基于一群粒子的智能运动而产生的一类随机进化算法,其优点是算法非常利于理解和应用.本文介绍了粒子群算法的原理和流程,研究了如何将这种方法运用于天线阵的方向图综合上,给出了PSO算法在综合阵列方向图的应用实例,表明粒子群算法在天线阵列综合中具有广泛的应用前景.     

三角形栅格天线随机幅相误差对波束指向影响的计算研究

论文给出了三角形栅格平面阵的模型,计算研究了矩形栅格和三角形栅格的方向图以及波束指向。计算结果表明使用三角形栅格时能有效减少阵元数量,但是使用三角形栅格时随机幅相误差对波束指向的影响要大于使用矩形栅格。文章还计算分析了波束指向误差与波束指向角的关系,波束指向与天线阵面法线的夹角越大,随机幅相误差造成的波束指向误差也越大。     

遗传算法在阵列天线方向图综合中的应用

遗传算法是一种高效的搜索算法。本文采用遗传算法对18元天线阵列方向图进行综全优化设计，并与用Woodward法得到的结果进行了比较。     

基于遗传算法的栅格天线阵旁瓣电平优化方法

在推导出栅格天线阵列方向图的基础上,提出一种基于遗传算法的栅格天线阵旁瓣电平优化的方法。此方法首先简化栅格天线阵物理模型,给出等效模型下的阵列方向图,然后以栅格天线阵的短边电流幅度为优化参量,以阵列天线方位面的副瓣电平为适应度函数,利用遗传算法的最优化搜索得到满足副瓣要求的电流幅度,再通过电流幅度计算辐射单元阻抗,最终设计出满足要求的低旁瓣栅格天线阵。为了验证该方法的有效性,对一种频扫微带栅格天线进行了优化,在电磁仿真软件中对优化后的天线进行了仿真,根据设计结果加工制作了原型天线并进行了测试,测试结果显示优化后天线阵的副瓣电平降低了5dB,优化效果明显。     

Linear antenna array synthesis using cat swarm optimization

Antenna arrays with high directivity and low side lobe levels need to be designed for increasing the efficiency of communication systems. A new evolutionary technique, cat swarm optimization (CSO), is proposed for the synthesis of linear antenna arrays. The CSO is a high performance computational method capable of solving linear and non-linear optimization problems. CSO is applied to optimize the antenna element positions for suppressing side lobe levels and for achieving nulls in desired directions. The steps involved in the problem formulation of the CSO are presented. Various design examples are considered and the obtained CSO based results are validated by comparing with the results obtained using particle swarm optimization (PSO) and ant colony optimization (ACO). The flexibility and ease of implementation of the CSO algorithm is evident from this analysis, showing the algorithm's usefulness in electromagnetic optimization problems.     

Concentric circular antenna array synthesis for side lobe suppression using moth flame optimization

This paper presents an accurate approach for Concentric Circular Antenna Array (CCAA) synthesis to improve the far-field radiation characteristics of the antenna using a meta-heuristic optimization technique called Moth Flame Optimization (MFO). The far-field radiation pattern improves with lower Side Lobe Level (SLL) which is essential for the reduction of interference in the entire side lobe regions. MFO algorithm is a recently proposed evolutionary algorithm which is applied to determine the optimum sets of current excitation weights and to find the optimal inter-element spacing between the array elements in the 3-rings structure of CCAA design. In this context, the design examples of two 3-ring CCAAs, one having the set of 4, 6, 8 elements and the other having the set of 8, 10, 12 elements, with and without centre element, are presented by optimizing the array parameters. The results obtained by using MFO algorithm based approach show a considerable improvement of SLL with respect to that of the uniform array pattern and those of the approaches reported in the recent literature.     

On the optimal synthesis of sparsely thinned planar array antenna with constraints using meta-heuristic optimization

The investigations related to the planar antenna array have attracted much attention due to their vast applications in the areas of advanced wireless communication and electromagnetics. This article presents an effective synthesis method of a sparsely thinned symmetric planar antenna array using three well-known meta-heuristics including symbiotic organism search (SOS) algorithm, moth fly optimization (MFO), and multi-verse optimization (MVO) algorithms. The main aim of this work is to optimize the positions of the switched-on antenna elements on the array aperture in order to reduce the value of side-lobe levels in the radiation field pattern in multiple planes for a desired first null beam width and subsequently to obtain the maximum reduced number of array-elements in the antenna array. Two different cases are performed to optimize the radiation pattern in different azimuth angles with two different examples. The proposed methods can constrain the total number of array elements, inter-element distance, and aperture area of the array. The radiation pattern characteristic and computation time linked with each example and each algorithm are recorded and compared with each other as well as with a fully populated planar symmetric rectangular array antenna of same aperture size for arriving at the conclusion. The simulation-based results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design and the efficiency of the performance using the SOS algorithm.     

Position-only planar hexagonal array antenna pattern nulling with simultaneous side lobe reduction at multiple azimuth planes

This article presents a study on the placement of multiple nulls as well as minimization of side lobe level in the radiation pattern using a planar hexagonal antenna array structure in two different vertical planes. The desired null depth is achieved to suppress the interference signal by the position-only control of the uniformly excited isotropic antennas in the array structure. The immediate solution to the mentioned computational problem is reached by various meta-heuristic optimization algorithms such as teaching learning-based optimization (TLBO), symbiotic organism search (SOS), and moth fly optimization (MFO) within a considerably reduced processing time with a control over the design constrains. Various examples for diversified scenarios are demonstrated to place multiple deep nulls in the radiation pattern without compromising the pattern constraints and all other radiation pattern characteristics. This experiment sought to illustrate and quantify the unique benefits and limitations of proposed technique using three considered meta-heuristic optimization algorithm.     

An optimal linear and elliptical antenna array design using black widow optimisation for 5G communication

This research illustrates a precise linear and elliptical antenna array design for synthesising the optimal far-field radiation pattern in the fifth-generation (5G) communication spectrum using a meta-heuristic optimisation technique known as black widow optimisation (BWO). 5G communication is an emerging technology with revolutionary changes in the wireless communication system with ultra-high data rate, enhanced capacity, low latency and good quality of service. An accurate antenna array design for an ideal far-field radiation pattern synthesis with a suppressed side lobe level (SLL) value and half power beam width (HPBW) is the most crucial aspect of 5G communications. A suppressed SLL is necessary to reduce interference in the entire side lobe region, whereas a low HPBW is required for long-distance communication. Here, the BWO is employed to find the optimal feeding current to each array element to lower the SLL and the HPBW value. The BWO algorithm sustains impeccable equity between the exploration and exploitation stages to impact different potential regions of the search space and generate new solutions to attain the global optima by evading the trap of local optima. The design examples of the linear antenna array (LAA) and elliptical antenna array (EAA) are illustrated in this article by applying the optimal feeding currents to each array element. Compared to the uniform antenna array and methodologies described in the recently published literature, the results obtained utilising the BWO algorithm for designing the LAAs and EAAs demonstrate a substantial development in the reduction of SLL and HPBW.     

平面稀疏阵列天线的约束优化设计

针对有阵元数和阵列口径约束的矩形平面稀疏阵天线的综合问题,提出了一种基于整数编码的差分进化算法。该方法以每个阵元的栅格位置编号作为设计变量,使阵列的稀疏率满足约束条件,避免了优化过程中的不可行解,还减少了优化变量的个数。为了加速优化过程,采用快速傅里叶变化计算阵列的方向图。以改善阵列峰值副瓣电平为目的进行仿真试验,结果表明：优化后的稀疏天线阵峰值旁瓣电平比现有方法相比改善了1.2~1.7 dB,且具有收敛性和稳定性好的优点。     

QPSO算法在天线阵列波形优化中的应用研究

基于优化天线阵列波形的目的,本文采用QPSO算法,对建立的九天线圆阵列模型进行波束赋形优化。本文通过九天线圆阵列模型进行MATLAB仿真实验,结果表明,经过QPSO算法进行优化后,主瓣方向还是保持一致,主瓣增益增大了6 dB;而采用QPSO算法对本文提出的九天线圆阵列与八天线圆阵列进行波形优化的仿真实验表明,主瓣方向还是保持一致,主瓣增益增大了19 dB,并且降低旁瓣个数,验证了模型的可行性。     

随机误差对雷达阵列天线低副瓣波束影响的分析

低副瓣阵列天线是现代雷达的普遍要求,但低副瓣天线的方向图指标通常受随机误差影响较大,设计时若不充分考虑随机误差对这些指标的影响,将会对实际结果产生较大影响.针对上述问题,提出了一种适合于雷达阵列天线低副瓣波束的幅相随机误差分析方法,可确定低副瓣波束Taylor综合的合理副辫值和满足副瓣指标要求的幅相误差,并分析了幅相误差对阵列方向系数及波束指向的影响.仿真结果表明:该方法可靠有效,可为天线阵面和馈电网络设计以及安装精度提供依据.     

导航卫星阵列天线的快速现场系统校准算法

阵列天线接收处理全球卫星导航信号时,由于天线和射频前端的非理想性,会在不同方向卫星信号中引入不同的载波相位偏差,从而破坏卫星导航接收机距离观测量准确性。针对此问题,提出了一种易实现的卫星导航阵列天线的快速现场系统校准算法。校准过程分为通道校准和天线校准：通过开机和周期进行的通道校准实现阵列天线接收射频前端的通道响应测量;通过与接收处理不同卫星基带数据的数字接收机配合,实现阵列天线的现场阵列流形矢量校准。仿真验证了所提校准算法的正确性和有效性。