包头市3~5岁儿童龋病患病的相关因素分析

目的:分析包头市3~5岁儿童龋病患病的相关因素。方法:于包头市随机抽取的10所幼儿园中,随机选择3~5岁儿童496名为研究对象。经口腔医生检查,发现患龋病326例,为病例组,未患龋病170名,为对照组。对两组年龄、性别、每日进零食次数和每日刷牙次数等25项可能与患龋病有关的因素予以调查、记录。以logistic多元回归筛选相关因素。结果:排除进入模型的其他因素混杂作用后,每日进零食次数每增加1次,促进患龋病的危险是原来的1.249倍(OR=1.249>1,其95%可信区间内不包含1,P<0.05);断奶时间≥1岁促进患龋病的危险是＜1岁断奶的2.812倍(OR=2.812>1,其95%可信区间内不包含1,P<0.01);而不含奶瓶入睡、睡前不吃零食和不喝碳酸饮料促进患龋病的危险分别是含奶瓶入睡、睡前吃零食和喝碳酸饮料的0.194、0.302和0.031倍(OR分别是0.194、0.302和0.031,均OR<1,其95%可信区间内均不包含1,均P<0.01)。结论:增加进零食次数和断奶时间≥1岁是包头市3~5岁儿童患龋病的危险因素;而不含奶瓶入睡、睡前不吃零食和不喝碳酸饮料为其保护因素。     

广州市12岁儿童恒牙龋病影响因素分析

目的研究广州市12岁儿童恒牙龋病状况及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段、分层、等容量、随机抽样的方法,抽取广州市12岁儿童720名,男女各半,进行口腔健康检查和口腔问卷调查。数据采用SPSS13.0统计软件处理,分析12岁儿童恒牙患龋率与影响因素的关系。结果广州市12岁儿童恒牙患龋率为30.1%,女生患龋率高于男生;龋均为0.57。经多因素Logistic逐步回归分析,发现是否独生子女、喝牛奶或酸奶的频率、是否听说过含氟牙膏这3个因素与12岁儿童恒牙龋病显著关联（P〈0.05）。结论非独生子女、没有听说过含氟牙膏是危险因素（OR〉1）,儿童恒牙龋病概率大;喝奶频率高是保护因素（OR〈1）,这些儿童恒牙龋病概率小。     

270名5岁自闭症儿童龋病及其影响因素调查分析

目的 了解学龄前自闭症儿童龋病的患病情况及其影响因素,为自闭症儿童的龋病防治提供参考依据。方法 参照第4次全国口腔健康流行病学调查标准和方法,对青岛市1所自闭症特殊教育学校270名5岁儿童进行龋病检查,并对其家长进行现场问卷调查,对所得数据进行统计分析。结果 5岁自闭症儿童的乳牙患龋率为64.81%,龋均为3.09±3.41,龋补充填比为27.42%。单因素方差分析显示,调查问卷中的所有因素对患龋率(dmft)均无明显影响(P>0.05);进一步分析各影响因素与有龋率(dt)的关系,每日刷牙总时间越短、晚上刷牙后/睡觉前吃零食喝饮料次数越多,有龋率越高(P<0.05);因龋补牙率(ft)与每日刷牙次数、每日刷牙总时长、家长是否协助刷牙、饭后漱口或刷牙情况相关(P<0.05)。以有龋率为因变量进行多因素Logistic回归分析显示每日刷牙总时间<1 min、经常在晚上刷牙后/睡觉前吃零食喝饮料是自闭症儿童乳牙患龋的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 5岁自闭症儿童的乳牙患龋率较高,应进一步重视每天的刷牙时长和纠正睡前吃零食习惯;因龋补牙可能是改善自闭症儿童口腔卫...     

石河子市3~5岁学龄前儿童龋病流行病学调查分析

目的了解石河子市3~5岁学龄前儿童龋病流行状况,为预防儿童龋病提供依据。方法利用PPS抽样调查方法,抽取3所幼儿园3~5岁年龄组,每年龄组男女各18人,进行基本信息及牙冠部口腔检查等专业项目调查,结果进行统计分析。结果抽样幼儿园儿童总患龋率63.89%,三个幼儿园儿童患龋率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=2.465,P=0.292),私立幼儿园龋均高于公立幼儿园;三个年龄组患龋率比较差异有统计学意义(χ^2=6.020,P=0.049),患龋率和龋均随着年龄的增加而有所升高;男童和女童患龋率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.013,P=0.908),龋均女童高于男童。结论石河子市抽样儿童龋病分布受教育环境影响不大,总患龋率高,患龋年龄低且严重,应提高家长及政府对早期乳牙的关注。     

高原地区2—6岁儿童乳牙龋病的调查分析

为掌握高原地区乳牙龋发病规律,我们曾调查海拔４０００ｍ以上的青海省果洛地区６１２名藏汉两民族２～６岁儿童乳牙龋的情况。１　调查对象和方法共调查世居藏族儿童３１２名（男１６５名,女１４７名）;移居汉族儿童３００名（男１５８名,女１４２名）,年龄为２～６岁。受检儿童均按《龋病牙周病全国性统计规定调查标准》,只行视诊、探诊检查,未作Ｘ线检查,因龋而失或充填者均计算为一个龋齿。２　结果　（表１～３）表１　３１２名２～６岁藏族儿童乳牙患龋情况年龄（岁）受检人数患龋人数患龋牙数患龋率（％）受检者龋均２６８１…     

东莞市12岁儿童龋病现状及其行为影响因素分析

目的:研究东莞市城乡12岁儿童恒牙龋病现状及其行为影响因素,分析两者之间的关系,为东莞市儿童口腔卫生保健工作提供科学依据。方法:采用多阶段、分层、整群、随机抽样的方法,抽取东莞市12岁城乡常住人口604人,检查全口恒牙龋病的患病状况并用问卷调查的方式收集全部受检儿童口腔健康行为等相关因素。结果:东莞市12岁儿童患龋率和龋均分别是40.89%和1.47。Logistic回归分析显示:口腔保健知识掌握越多的儿童其患龋率越低,食用水果的频率越高,儿童患龋率也相应增加。结论:东莞市12岁儿童患龋水平较高,口腔卫生行为较差,口腔保健知识掌握情况是致龋最为重要的影响因素,食用水果的频率是危险因素。     

大连开发区3岁儿童乳牙龋病患病状况及相关因素分析

目的:了解大连开发区3岁儿童乳牙龋病患病状况及影响因素.方法:采用多阶段、整群随机抽样方法,抽取15所幼儿园里全部3岁儿童进行口腔健康检查和儿童家长的问卷调查.参照世界卫生组织推荐龋病诊断标准,问卷内容包括儿童的基本信息、口腔卫生习惯、饮食习惯,家长的口腔健康知识及口腔健康态度以及社会经济因素.使用SPSS 16.0对数据进行统计分析,计算乳牙龋患病率和龋均.采用卡方检验,独立样本t检验和单因素方差分析以及Logistic回归分析比较组间差异及龋病的影响因素.结果:共有1220名3岁儿童完成口腔健康检查,其中964名儿童家长(79.8％)完成问卷调查.3岁儿童乳牙龋病患病率为62.8％,龋均3.40,龋面均7.34,男女间差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).Logistic回归分析显示儿童摄入甜食和含糖饮料的频率(P＜0.05),父母的最高学历水平(P＜0.05)与儿童是否患龋相关.结论:大连开发区3岁儿童乳牙龋病患病状况较严重,患龋与进食含糖食物和饮料的频率及家长的教育水平有相关性.     

遵义市3～5岁儿童龋病调查

1995年我系抽出 6名医师 ;;对具有代表性的遵义地区
幼儿园 3～ 5岁儿童龋病进行调查 ;;共查 787人 ;;其中男 42 8
人 ;;女 35 9人。
调表5　儿童身高与龋病关系身高状况受检人数患龋人数患龋牙数患龋率%龋均上421750.004.25中上2095145.002.55中 1197329661.342.49中-29719781866.332.75中下25714469557.372.77下956328466.322.99合计786488216162.092.75表6　儿童体重与龋病关系体重状况受检人数患龋人数患龋牙数患龋率%龋均上52340.000.60中上23187678.263.30中 1278037162.992.92中-29218177761.992.66中下26816372160.822.69下71442…     

上海嘉定区582例2~3岁儿童乳牙龋病及相关因素分析

目的 分析上海嘉定区2～3岁儿童乳牙龋病及相关因素,为开展学龄前儿童的龋病防治工作提供依据,降低乳牙龋病发病率.方法 采用随机整群抽样的方法,对嘉定区2个社区的582例2～3岁儿童进行口腔检查,检查内容包括乳牙萌出情况及龋患情况,并对其家长进行问卷调查,包括幼儿的口腔卫生行为和饮食习惯等,调查数据采用SPSS20.0软件进行统计分析.结果 582例受检儿童中,患龋率48.45％,龋均为2.21,男女患龋率分别为50.00％和46.81％,男性高于女性,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.001).随着日刷牙次数的增加,乳牙患龋率明显下降(P＜0.05).乳牙龋与喂养方式有关,完全母乳患龋率最低39.55％,人工喂养患龋率最高60.54％.结论 嘉定区2～3岁儿童乳牙龋病严重,每日糖摄入次数,刷牙次数和喂养方式与龋病密切相关,应加强龋病防治措施.     

甘肃省迭部县藏族5岁儿童患龋情况及家长口腔健康知识调查

目的：了解甘肃省迭部县藏族5岁儿童龋病发病情况及家长口腔健康知识,为少数民族地区儿童制定龋病防治措施提供参考。方法：参照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查标准和方法,随机选取迭部县5所幼儿园400名藏族5岁儿童进行龋病检查,并对其家长进行龋病流行病学及相关因素问卷调查。结果：迭部县藏族5岁儿童的乳牙患龋率、龋均分别为59．64％、2．53;54．57％的儿童有睡前吃甜点习惯,48．48％的儿童过去12个月没有到医院看过牙,父母大多未了解儿童口腔健康状况,家长口腔卫生知识的知晓率农村组低于城市组。结论：藏族5岁儿童龋病发病率高,儿童口腔健康行为及家长口腔卫生知识有待进一步改进。     

Incidence of Coronal and Root Caries in an Older Adult Population

Incidence rates for new root caries and new coronal caries in noninstitutionalized older adults are unknown. In this study, a representative sample of 451 elderly Iowans received dental examinations at the start of the study and again after 18 months. This dentate cohort had a mean of 0.87 new surfaces of coronal decay per person per year and a mean of 0.57 new surfaces of root decay per person per year. Coronal caries occurred at an annual rate of 1.4 surfaces per 100 susceptible coronal surfaces. Root caries occurred at an annual rate of 2.6 surfaces per 100 susceptible root surfaces. This study shows that both coronal and root caries were active in this older population, indicating a need for emphasis on the prevention and treatment of dental caries in older adults.     

Dental caries status and treatment needs of the permanent dentition of 6–12-year-olds in Hong Kong

An oral health survey was conducted in 1986 on a representative sample of primary school children in Hong Kong. 1483 Chinese children of both sexes, aged 6-12 yr, attending 56 primary schools were surveyed. The DMFT index for the 6-yr-olds was 0.1, and for the 12-yr-olds it was 1.5. Forty percent of the 12-yr-olds were clinically caries-free. The permanent molars constituted 90% of the total caries experience of the 12-yr-olds. Over 90% of the caries lesions were found in pits and fissures. The dental caries treatment need in the permanent dentition was low and of the simple type. A great reduction in the dental caries experience of the permanent dentition of children has occurred since the introduction of water fluoridation 25 yr ago. In addition to treatment care, preventive measures should be provided by the School Dental Care Service for children with a high caries risk.     

上海5岁儿童乳牙患龋状况及危险因素分析

目的了解上海5岁儿童龋病流行情况及易感因素。方法对上海市15所幼儿园1478名5岁幼儿进行口腔检查,对患龋高危儿童和无龋儿童家长进行问卷调查,应用χ2检验筛选出乳牙龋病易感者的相关因素,进行Logistic回归分析。结果①5岁儿童无龋率为33.58%,33.21%儿童dmft≥6,这部分龋高发儿童龋、失、补牙数之和占总龋、失、补牙数之和的75.53%,患龋状况呈明显的两极化分布。②睡前进食甜食、家长是否监督或帮助刷牙在两组儿童间有显著性差异(P<0.01);父母口腔健康知识态度、父母受教育程度、牛奶加糖、开始刷牙年龄、进食甜食频率亦有统计学差异(P<0.05);而是否早产、孕期患病、喂养方式、刷牙频率、是否使用含氟牙膏因素在两组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。③Logistic回归分析结果显示,乳牙龋与父母口腔健康知识态度、睡前进食甜食、开始刷牙年龄、父母受教育程度、家长监督/帮助刷牙有关。结论加强对父母口腔健康知识的宣传、刷牙指导,限制糖的摄入及避免不当进糖方式对预防乳牙龋极为重要。     

Dental caries in a group of 20-year-olds after previous participation in public child dental health services in Copenhagen, Denmark

The present study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of dental caries in a group of 20-year-olds who had previously participated in Public Child Dental Health Services. Dental caries was related to social status and preventive vists to the private dentist after termination of school. The study population comprised 389 persons aged 20, out of which 313 (80.5%) were examined clinically and radiographically by one dentist according to standardized criteria. Mean DMFT was 10.4 and mean DMFS 16.7. Differences in relation to sex were not significant. The distribution of subjects according to DMFS was uneven. The 20% with the highest DMFS accounted for about 45% of the total amounts of DS. A consistent pattern with higher mean DMFS in the low social groups was found. Attendance to Regular Youth Dental Service was higher the longer the subjects had been students and higher mean DMFS was found in nonregular attenders. The presence of a high caries risk group is discussed in relation to the dental care system received by the study population.     

Oral health of South African Black (Xhosa) mine recruits

The oral health of 100 rural Black Xhosa men commencing employment on the gold mines was examined. Dental caries were present in 68%, the mean DMFT per mouth was 2.5 (s.d. 2.8) while the mean DMFT per carious mouth was 3.7 (s.d. 2.7). Oral hygiene was good and periodontal disease uncommon. Although the frequency of individuals with dental caries has increased since studies on similar groups were made 40 years ago, the severity of the disease in affected individuals has remained static.     

Contrasting patterns of caries profile and dental treatment in pupils of 16–18 years in South African ethnic groups

Abstract Investigations on caries profile and state of teeth treatment were made on 3752 high school pupils of 16–18 years, namely, rural and urban Black, Indian, Colored (Eur-African-Malay) and White pupils. Rural Blacks had a low mean DMFT of about 2, and a caries-free prevalence of 52%. Of the few with affected teeth, 10% were extracted, none filled, and 90% decayed; i.e. restorative dental attention was virtually nil. Among English and Afrikaans pupils attending Government Schools, mean DMFT was about 10, and caries-free prevalence negligible. Of affected teeth, 13% were extracted, 59% filled and 28% decayed. The situations regarding the urban Black, Indian and Colored groups were intermediate. The Jewish pupils, well-circumstanced and attending private schools, had a mean DMFT of 6.5, moreover 6% were caries-free. Of affected teeth, 1% had been extracted; 93% were filled, and only 6% remained decayed. Since it transpired that the diets of the three White subgroups, cariogenically, were much the same, the advantageous position of the Jewish pupils was judged to be due primarily to their excellent oral hygiene motivation, particularly their demonstrably regular visits to dentists.