1992年河北省及华北地区地震活动概况

1 河北省地震活动概况据河北省地震台网测定,1992年1月1日至12月30日河北省及京津地区共发生地震1863次,其中M_L<2.0级地震1606次,2.0—2.9级231次,3.0—3.9级15次,M_L≥4.0级地震3次,最大地震为7月22日宁河(39°17′N,117°56′E)M_L≥4.9级,河北省M_L≥3.0     

九寨沟M7.0地震序列视应力研究

正据中国地震台网(CENC)测定,2017年8月8日21时19分46.4秒,四川省阿坝州九寨沟县发生7.0级地震,震中位于(33.20°N,103.82°E),震源深度20 km。据四川区域地震台网测定,2017年8月8日—9月24日共记录到九寨沟地震序列M_L≥0.0地震7 713次,其中,M_L0.0—0.9地震3 443次,M_L1.0—1.9地震3 551次,M_L2.0—2.9地震625次,M_L3.0—3.9地震79次,M_L4.0—     

万源县3.9级地震宏观考察

1983年8月12日7时52分,在我省万源县官渡区梨树公社、皮窝公社蒿坝公社和陕西省镇巴县巴山公社接壤地带发生了一次M_L=3.9级地震,仪测震中;北纬32°08′;东经108°10′。     

周至小震群活动特征

1982年6月28日至30日,陕西关中周至县南面发生了一次小震群活动,共发生小震和微震77次,释放的地震波总能量为1.11×10~(13)尔格,相当于一个M_L=3.5级地震。1.小震群活动的主要特征(1)这次小震群中包括M_L>2.0级地震6次(其中M_L=2.9级地震2次);M_L=1.0     

运城震群现场监视中的综合预报

1986年11月7日山西运城出现了一次震群活动.至1987年2月1日共发生地震801次.最大地震为4.7(M_L),位于东经111°03′、北纬35°11.5′,震源深度5.5公里,震中烈度达5度强.由于运城震群的震源较浅,3.0级以上地震在震区普遍有感,甚至2.0级左右或2.0至2.9级间的地震也不同程度地有感.因此,这次震群活动对当地群众影响较大.     

CAP方法反演新丰江锡场地区M_L4.0级以上地震震源机制解

利用区域台网宽频带波形数据,采用CAP方法反演了锡场地区5次M_L4.0级以上地震的震源机制解,并结合地震精定位和区域活动构造讨论了其发震构造。结果显示:2012年2月16日M_L5.2级地震的震源机制解为,节面Ⅰ:走向351°、倾角84°、滑动角-23°,节面Ⅱ:走向83°、倾角67°、滑动角-173°,最佳震源深度10.39 km; 2013年2月22日M_L5.1级地震的震源机制解为,节面Ⅰ:走向274°、倾角55°、滑动角-118°,节面Ⅱ:走向136°、倾角43°、滑动角-56°,最佳震源深度10.88 km。其它3个事件均以走滑为主,破裂类型与M_L5.2级地震相似。最佳拟合震源深度集中在上地壳底部的8 km和10 km。结合区域构造和地震序列精定位结果,认为2014年7月11日M_L4.5级地震NW向的节面Ⅰ为真实破裂面, 2012年的2次地震和2014年4月25日M_L4.4级地震NEE向的节面Ⅱ为真实破裂面, 2013年2月22日M_L5.1级地震真实破裂面是近EW向的节面Ⅰ, 2012年2次地震和2014年4月的1次地震活动可能与近EW走向的大坑南断裂有关,锡场地区可能存在多条相互交割的隐伏断裂。     

洪雅4.2级震群短期异常特征与发震条件

一、前言 1981年2月至6月,洪雅西南爆发了4.2级震群型地震。据四川台网测定,大小地震共36次。震中集中在29°31′N～29°42′N;102°55′E～103°15E。震源深度26KM。发震时间主要集中在2月22日至28日。释放总能量相当于一个M~L=4.7级的地震。较大地震有三次:2月23日4.1级,2月28日4.2级,6月27日3.9级。     

云南省宣威县羊场发生5级(M_L)地震

1983年4月5日17点1分12秒,宣威县羊场东南发生一次5级(M_L)地震(M_S=4.5),微观震中为北纬26°05′,东经104°26′。在此之前,16点10分22秒发生了一次4.4级(M_L)前震。截止于4月6日共发生余震四次,最大震级为3.3级(M_L)。 据了解,这次地震造成当地轻度破坏。宣威县城普遍有感,位于震中区的海岱、东山两公社感觉强烈,个别土墙倒塌,多处砖墙开裂,房屋掉瓦、掉土,厨房烟囱断裂、掉落,并出现滚石、地表多处开裂,人畜无伤亡。     

2008年3月30日甘肃肃南5级地震

2008年3月30日16时33分,甘肃肃南发生Ms=5地震,微观震中在(38.0°N,102.0°E).甘肃地震速报台网给出的地震参数:震中(37°55′N,101°55′E),震级帆5.8(Ms5.5),震源深度h=27km.这是继2003年山丹一民乐6.1级地震后,河西走廊中强地震平静4年半的一次5级地震.     

山东长岛M3.9震群序列特征及发震构造探讨

正据山东地震台网测定,北京时间2017年3月3日02时48分,在山东省长岛县海域(38.07°N,120.78°E)发生M3.9地震,震源深度10km。此次M3.9地震前,震中区曾发生最大M_L2.9小震序列,2月14—24日共记录到25次小震,该序列的发生使得长岛窗继2015年7月和2016年2月后再次出现开窗活动。3月3日长岛海域M3.9地震发生后,震中原地出     

强震观测网、高灵敏度地震观测网、地中强震观测网、宽频带地震观测网

阪神·淡路大震灾后 ,日本着手对原有的地震观测体制作彻底改革 ,多项全国性配置地震计的计划同时开始启动。地震引起的地面晃动的程度不尽相同 ,无感微小地震引发的晃动仅有 0 .0 0 1 μm,频率为1 0 Hz;巨大地震引起的地面晃动的幅度高达 2～ 3 m,周期也有几十秒。虽说都称之为地震计 ,但由于地震动的振幅和频率涉及的范围太大 ,所以应针对观测对象选用不同类型的地震计。下面介绍不同类型的观测网。1　强震观测网 ( K- NET)无论大地有多大的晃动都能将其准确记录下来的地震计称之为强震计。它构造坚实 ,信号明确 ,通常设置在地表 ,对了…     

Age, geology, geophysics, and geochemistry of Mahukona Volcano, Hawai`i

The size, shape, and magmatic history of the most recently discovered shield volcano in the Hawaiian Islands, Mahukona, have been controversial. Mahukona corresponds to what was thought to be a gap in the paired sequence (Loa and Kea trends) of younger Hawaiian volcanoes (<4?Ma). Here, we present the results of marine expeditions to Mahukona where new bathymetry, sidescan sonar, gravity data, and lava samples were collected to address these controversies. Modeling of bathymetric and gravity data indicate that Mahukona is one of the smallest Hawaiian volcanoes (～6,000?km³) and that its magmatic system was not focused in a long-lived central reservoir like most other Hawaiian volcanoes. This lack of a long-lived magmatic reservoir is reflected by the absence of a central residual gravity high and the random distribution of cones on Mahukona Volcano. Our reconstructed subsidence history for Mahukona suggests it grew to at least ～270?m below sea level but probably did not form an island. New ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar plateau ages range from 350 to 654?ka providing temporal constraints for Mahukona’s post-shield and shield stages of volcanism, which ended prematurely. Mahukona post-shield lavas have high ³He/⁴He ratios (16–21?Ra), which have not been observed in post-shield lavas from other Hawaiian volcanoes. Lava compositions range widely at Mahukona, including Pb isotopic values that straddle the boundary between Kea and Loa sequences of volcanoes. The compositional diversity of Mahukona lavas may be related to its relatively small size (less extensive melting) and the absence of a central magma reservoir where magmas would have been homogenized.     

The Yecheng,Xinjiang, China,earthquake of February 14, 1980

In this study, we have checked the location and focal depth of the Yecheng earthquake (m _b = 6.0, maximum intensity VII) of February 14, 1980. The result shows that this is an intermediate event with a focal depth of 90 km. The microepicenter is located at 36. 4°N, 76, 9°E, while the macroepicenter is at 37.3°N, 76.9°E, 90 km to the north of the microepicenter. This is the first destructive intermediate event in China which led to a damage as severe as of intensity VII. The focal mechanism of the event is determined to be of thrust type. Combined with the analysis of seismological and geological data in surrounding area, the possible relation between the event and plate movement has been discussed. The result in this paper indicates that in some particular place, the destructive effect of intermediate event should be considered in seismic hazard assessment.     

Sun, climate, hunger, and mass migration

Paleoclimatic studies indicate four epochs of global cooling during the last 4 000 years, i. e. during the few centuries before and after 2000 BC, 800 BC, 400 AD, and 1 600 AD; the quasiperiodicity corresponds to cyclic variation of solar activity. Global temperature changes influenced regional precipitation patterns: Northern Europe was wetter while the middle- and low-latitude lands were more arid during colder epochs. Both sets of cold climatical conditions were unfavorable for agricultural production. Historical records show that large demographic movements in history took place because of crop failures and mass starvation, rather than escaping from war zones. The “wandering” of the Germanic tribes during the first two or three centuries of the Christian Era is one example. Whereas the accelerated release of carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels is ultimately to cause global warming, historical evidence indicates, however, that global warming has been on the whole a blessing to mankind. Global cooling, on the other hand, has curtailed agricultural production and has led to famines and mass migrations of people. Perhaps the most important task at the present is not so much computer-modelling of greenhouse effect on global climate, but water-management and agricultural researches to insure food-supply for an everincreasing world population.     

Physical properties,vitrinite reflectance,and microstructure of coal,Taiyuan Formation,Qinshui Basin,China

In this study, we experimentally established the relationship between physical properties, vitrinite reflectance, and microstructure of coal, Taiyuan Formation, Qinshui Basin, China using representative coal samples collected from three different mines via the rock mechanics testing system (MTS). We analyzed the organic macerals, vitrinite reflectance, and microstructure of 11 coal samples using petrography and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results suggest that (1) the elastic parameters can be described by linear equations, (2) both P-and S-wave velocities display anisotropy, (3) the anisotropy negatively correlates with vitrinite reflectance, and (4) the acoustic velocities and Young’s modulus are negatively correlated with the volume of micropores. The derived empirical equations can be used in the forward modeling and seismic inversion of physical properties of coal for improving the coal-bed methane (CBM) reservoir characterization.     

山西高平地震

阐述了发生在山西高平的地震和对高平有影响的地震，分析了高平市的地震灾害，通过分析得出高平地震与晋获断裂带活动有关的结论。