异基因造血干细胞移植治疗NK／T细胞淋巴瘤

目的：探讨异基因造血干细胞移植（allo—HSCT）治疗NK／T细胞淋巴瘤的疗效。方法：对1例NK／T细胞淋巴瘤患者进行allo-HSCT,采用改良马利兰（Bu）／环磷酰胺（Bu／Cy）预处理方案进行了亲缘HLA全相合的外周血干细胞移植,移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）的预防采用环孢素A联合短疗程甲氨蝶呤的方案。移植后予鼻窦及颈部淋巴结区局部放疗,早期减停环孢素A和供者淋巴细胞输注防治复发。结果：患者移植后造血恢复顺利,中性粒细胞绝对数（ANC）〉0．5×10 9／L时间为＋13d,血小板〉20×10 9／L时间为＋15d。移植后未发生急性GVHD,发生肝脏及口腔的慢性GVHD,使用小剂量甲氨蝶呤和泼尼松后控制。随访至移植后8月余,造血功能恢复良好,病情处于持续完全缓解状态,仍在继续随访中。结论：allo-HSCT对NK／T细胞淋巴瘤可能是一种有效的根治方法,移植后的局部放疗及供者淋巴细胞输注能预防复发。

Abstract：

Objective： To explore the therapeutic effect of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation （allo HSCT） for NK/T cell lymphoma. Methods： One patient with NK/T-cell lymphoma received allo-HSCT. The patient received conditioning regimens of improved busulfan/cyclophosphamide and relative HLA-identical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Graft versus host disease （GVHD） prophylaxis consisted of cyclosporin-A （CsA） and short course of methotrerate. The sinus and cervical lymph node area were received local ra diotherapy, and it followed by early cyclosporine tapering and donor lymphocyte infusion to prevent relapse after allo HSCT. Results： The hematopoietic stem cell was transplanted successfully. The ANC and PLT were grafted respectively in ＋ 13d and ＋ 15d. None of the acute GVHD was observed. The chronic GVHD involved liver and oral after transplantation, and it was controlled by low dose of methotrerate and prednisone. The patient was followed up for 8 months after allo-HSCT, and the state of illness retained continuous complete remission. Conclusions： Treatment of allo-HSCT was an effective radical cure for NK/T-cell lymphoma, and local radio therapy and donor lymphocyte infusion were used to prevent relapse post transplant.     

异基因外周血造血干细胞移植治疗难治性白血病(附1例报告)

对 1例难治性急性粒 -单细胞白血病 (AML - M4 b)患者施行异基因外周血造血干细胞移植 (allo-PBSCT ) ,以 Cy/ TBI方案预处理后 ,输注 HL A完全相合的同胞供者经 G- CSF动员的外周血单个核细胞(PBMNCs) 9.0× 10 8/ kg,其中 CD34 细胞 6 .2 5× 10 6 / kg;移植物抗宿主病 (GVHD)的预防用 Cs A MTX方案。结果 : 15天时 ,外周血中性粒细胞 >0 .5× 10 9/ L,血小板 >5 0× 10 9/ L; 30天时 ,外周血三系均完全恢复正常。仅有 度皮肤 GVHD发生。认为对于难治性白血病 ,如有 HL A相合供者 ,应及早行异基因造血干细胞移植 (allo-HSCT)特别是 allo- PBSCT,具有受者造血与免疫功能重建快等优点     

015 异基因造血干细胞移植后影响抗体水平的因素

作者比较了87例骨髓移植(BMT)和外周血造血干细胞移植(PBSCT)患者体内脊髓灰质炎、破伤风杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌及肺炎链球菌等抗体水平,探讨影响移植后抗体产生的可能因素,以探索移植后体液免疫缺陷机制。     

异基因造血干细胞移植感染25例临床分析

近二十多年来 ,尽管化疗使血液恶性肿瘤的完全缓解率明显提高 ,但大多数取得ＣＲ1 的急性白血病患者虽经不断巩固和强化治疗 ,最终将在 1～ 2年内复发 ,但异基因造血干细胞移植后 ,在造血功能重建前 ,感染仍然是主要致命并发症之一。我院于 1 996年 5月～ 2 0 0 1年 5月采用异基因造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病 5 2例 ,其中早期 (1个月之内 )并发感染 2 5例 ,现将治疗过程中防治感染的措施报告如下。1　资料与方法1 .1 　 一般资料2 5例中 ,男 1 8例 ,女 7例。年龄 1 5～ 5 3岁 ,中位年龄 3 2岁。疾病类型 :慢性髓细胞性白血病(ＣＭＬ) 1 2…     

异基因外周血造血干细胞移植后并发格林-巴利综合征1例

患者,男,23岁.2003年3月确诊慢性髓细胞性白血病(慢性期),2005年3月在我院行非血缘异基因外周血造血干细胞移植,移植后常规给予环孢素、霉酚酸酯和氨甲喋呤预防移植物抗宿主病(GVHD).     

单倍体造血干细胞移植治疗难治复发NK／T细胞淋巴瘤1例

患者,男,16岁,2007年5月下旬出现鼻咽部疼痛,有异物感,随后出现持续发热,体温最高40℃。鼻咽部内镜示：鼻咽部顶后壁弥漫性隆起。病理检查示：非霍奇金淋巴瘤,T—NK型。免疫染色瘤细胞CD45RO（＋）,CD56（＋）,GrB（＋）,CD20（-）。体检：一般情况可,全身浅表淋巴结未触及肿大;咽部充血,软腭饱满,左侧弥漫隆起,无溃疡,扁桃体不大;心肺未见明显异常,肝脾不大。诊断非霍奇金淋巴瘤NK／T细胞型Ⅱ期B。给予BCHOP化疗1次,部分缓解。后给予鼻咽部放疗,     

母供子非去T细胞性单倍体异基因造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病

异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT）是治愈恶性血液病的有效手段，但HLA相合（血缘相关或无关）供者来源的不足极大限制了allo—HSCT的应用。随着研究的进展，单倍体半相合allo-HSCT逐渐应用于临床，它有来源广、易获得、移植快等优点，使其成为allo-BMT研究的热点。我们对18例恶性血液病开展了母供子非去T细胞性单倍体allo-HSCT，探讨其有效性及毒副反应。     

异基因造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病(附9例报告)

9例恶性血液病患者 ,采用异基因外周血干细胞移植 ( allo- HSCT)治疗 7例 ,外周血与骨髓干细胞混合移植 2例 ;供者均为人白细胞相关抗原 ( HL A)完全相合同胞兄妹。预处理方案用马利兰 ( BU)、环磷酰胺( CY) ,环孢霉素 A ( Cs A)联合短程甲氨蝶呤 ( MTX)预防移植物抗宿主病 ( GVHD)。结果 :患者治疗后均重建造血 ,中性粒细胞≥ 0 .5× 10 9/ L 的中位数为 14天 ,血小板≥ 2 0× 10 9/ L 的中位数为 16天。发生急性 GVHD5例 ,慢性 GVHD2例 ,肝静脉闭塞病 ( VOD) 1例 ,巨细胞病毒血症 9例。2例 ABO血型不合者移植后未发生溶血及纯红再障。1例耐药复发淋巴瘤 ,供、受者均为乙肝病毒携带者 ,移植后达完全缓解。中位随访时间 15个月 ,无病生存 8例。认为 allo- HSCT是治疗恶性血液病 (尤其是耐药复发者 )的有效方法 ,ABO血型不合及乙肝供者不是移植的障碍     

异基因造血干细胞移植治疗白血病的临床研究

目的：探讨异基因造血干细胞移植治疗白血病的疗效及主要并发症的处理。方法：30例5～50岁白血病患者，其中25例接受HLA完全相合、2例接受1～2个HLA主要位点不合同胞供者的外周血干细胞移植。2例接受HLA全相合的非血缘供者骨髓移植。1例接受1个HLA主要位点不合的非血缘脐带血移植。采用改良的环磷酰胺联合全身放疗(CYTBI)或白消安环磷酰胺(BUCY2)方案预处理。采用环孢素A(CsA)联合短程甲氨蝶呤(MTX)方案预防移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)，3例非血缘供者及HLA不全相合移植加用抗人胸腺细胞蛋白(ATG)、霉酚酸酯(MMF)及抗CD25人鼠嵌合抗体。结果：30例均获得植入，2例无关供者移植出现继发性植入失败。13％(4／30)出现Ⅰ～Ⅳ度急性GVHD，26．6％(8／30)出现慢性GVHD。并发间质性肺炎2例。重症(Ⅳ度)出血性膀胱炎1例。纯红细胞性再生障碍性贫血1例。随访2～34个月，现存活21例，8例死于白血病复发，1例死于CMV相关的间质性肺炎。结论：异基因造血干细胞移植是治疗白血病的有效方法，但移植前处于高危难治状态的病例复发率仍较高。     

异基因外周血造血干细胞移植治疗白血病

随着新的化疗药物的不断产生、联合化疗方案的不断完善和支持疗法的改进 ,白血病的缓解率有了很大提高 ,但绝大多数患者若用常规化疗巩固和强化治疗 ,最终将会复发。异基因造血干细胞移植 (all-HSCT)是治愈本病的最有效手段。异基因外周血造血干细胞移植 (allo- geneic peripheral blood stem celltransplantation,allo- PBSCT)是指通过采集经动员的正常供者外周血中的干细胞作为移植物 ,移植给经大剂量放化疗处理的受者 ,使其重建正常的造血和免疫功能 ,以替代原有的病态造血。自 1989年 Sweenberg成功完成首例 allo- PBSCT以来 ,近…     

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a patient with HIV-negative recurrent plasmablastic lymphoma: A case report

Introduction:No standard guideline has been established for the treatment of plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) and prognosis remains extremely poor, given that patients relapse early after chemotherapy and show resistance to commonly used cytostatic drugs.Patient concerns:We present the case of a 52-year-old HIV-negative man who presented with a mass at the left sternoclavicular joint. He had no significant comorbidities and no latent immunosuppression.Diagnosis:The largest lymph node measured was 36 × 19 mm. An excisional biopsy showed diffuse proliferation of large lymphoid cells which were positive for CD38 and CD138, but negative for CD20. He was diagnosed with stage IV PBL with a low IPI.Interventions:The patient was treated with four cycles of induction therapy with bortezomib, epirubicin and dexamethasone. He achieved complete remission. But 3 months after receiving consolidated autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, he relapsed. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was performed on the patient.Outcomes:The patient achieved remission again and there were no serious complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This patient was followed up once every three months, and to date, he has been disease-free for more than 4 years.Conclusion:The survival of recurrent PBL after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is very poor. Salvage allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may bring long-term survival opportunities for those patients. Further clinical studies are needed to explore the role of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in refractory and recurrent PBL.     

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma: The role of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a rare and heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs). Whereas the incidence of the disease appears to increase during last decades and the prognosis remains dramatically poor, so far no standard treatment has been established. High-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDT–ASCT) has been proven effective in relapsed PTCL, while retrospective studies have shown a survival benefit as first-line treatment in some subsets of PTCL patients.However, given disease rarity, there is a paucity of randomized trials in both upfront and relapse setting. Here, we critically evaluated eligible prospective and retrospective studies that address the role of ASCT in treatment of PTCL, with respect to quality of design and performance. Additionally, the role of allogeneic transplantation has been reviewed.The comparison of ASCT with novel agents that emerge or the combination of both, are to be ascertained via prospective randomized trials in this field.     

Donor cell derived acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic cord blood transplantation in a patient with adult T-cell lymphoma

We report a patient with adult T-cell lymphoma who developed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after allogeneic cord blood transplantation (CBT). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies and molecular analysis using short tandem repeat (STR) sequences proved the AML to be of donor origin. Although 25 cases of donor cell leukemia (DCL) occurring after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation have previously been reported, there have been no reports of DCL after CBT. This case is the first-reported DCL patient after CBT.     

Hepatosplenic gammadelta T-cell lymphoma in a 10-year-old boy successfully treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

The authors report a 10-year-old boy with hepatosplenic gammadelta T-cell lymphoma, a rare form of lymphoma that is highly aggressive, exceedingly rare in children, and primarily seen in young men. Conventional multi-agent chemotherapy appears to be inadequate for cure. This is the first report with this type of lymphoma in a boy less than 15 years old treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).     

Role of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in mantle cell lymphoma

Despite a wide spectrum of treatment options, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) remains a challenging hematologic malignancy to manage. Advances in front‐line therapy, including the monoclonal antibody rituximab and increasing use of cytarabine, have improved remission rates. Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) can effectively consolidate remission of MCL, leading to encouraging survival beyond 5 yr. However, nearly all patients with MCL will relapse and require salvage therapy. Novel agents such as ibrutinib, bortezomib, and lenalidomide have dramatically expanded the options for treating relapsed MCL. In this review, we summarize the clinical evidence supporting the use of allogeneic donor HCT in MCL and make recommendations on indications for its use. Data suggest that allogeneic donor HCT is the only curative therapy for patients with poor prognosis or aggressive MCL. Patient selection, timing, and optimal use remain a matter of scientific debate and given the rapidly changing therapeutic landscape of MCL, the outcomes of allogeneic HCT should be interpreted in the context of novel therapeutics.     

Second allogeneic transplantation using umbilical cord blood for a patient with relapsed ALK+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in the era of ALK inhibitors: A case report

Rationale:Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) + anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is considered as a good prognosis lymphoma. However, in an extremely rare subset of patients, ALK+ ALCL with leukemic presentations is known to be chemotherapy-resistant. Although several novel therapies have been tested, the standard therapy for relapsed/refractory ALK+ ALCL has not been established yet.Patient concerns:An 18-year-old female patient who had conventional chemotherapy- and Brentuximab Vedotin (BV)-resistant ALK+ ALCL with leukemic presentation. She was successfully treated with an ALK inhibitor, crizotinib. Crizotinib induced complete remission (CR) and bridged to allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT).Diagnosis:However, her ALCL relapsed on day 60 after BMT and she developed high grade fever and lymphadenopathy.Intervention:Although crizotinib was given to the patient immediately after relapse, she developed grade 3 nausea and could not continue to take it. Then, we gave alectinib to the patient, which promptly induced sustained CR without any further chemotherapy. The patient received second stem cell transplantation using umbilical cord blood with myeloablative regimen in 2^nd CR.Outcomes:The patient has been in CR under maintenance therapy of alectinib for more than 16 months.Lessons:Both ALK inhibitors demonstrated drastic efficacy for our patient who had chemotherapy- and BV-resistant ALK+ ALCL with leukemic presentation. Alectinib showed less gastro-intestinal toxicity than crizotinib and the patient was able to take it even at the relatively early phase of stem cell transplantation.     

Secondary malignancies after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using reduced-intensity conditioning and outpatient conduction

Background

Patients given allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT) may develop secondary malignant neoplasms (SMN). Several variables have been identified but there are no data about the incidence of this complication in individuals given HSCT using reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) methods.

Objective

Define the incidence of SMN in patients given HSCT using a RIC preparative regimen conducted on an outpatient basis.

Materials and methods

Patients given HSCT in two institutions between October 1998 and 2012 were analyzed. To appraise the SMN appearance, those patients dead were also regarded as censored at that moment, as well as those lost to follow up and those alive at the closing of the study. 95% Confidence intervals (CI) for the survival or failure estimate were calculated with the Greenwood's method.

Results

A total of 416 allografted patients with a Karnofsky performance index of 100% were included in the study. All patients received peripheral blood stem cells allografts. The conditioning regimen was delivered as an outpatient procedure in all individuals. No patient was given radiotherapy nor antithymocyte globulin during the conditioning. Three hundred and sixty five patients (88%) were never admitted to the hospital, whereas 12% were admitted because of grade III–IV acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD), fever, or mucositis. Median survival time was 15.7 months. Survival at 6 months (95% CI): 66.4% (61.5–70.8%), at 12 months: 53.3% (48.1–58.1%), at 60 months: 30.6% (30.5–41.5%). Eight patients with a SMN were identified in the group of 416 allografted patients, SMN rates (95% CI) were: one year post graft: 1.9% (0.7–4.9%), 5 years: 3.8% (1.6–9.2%), 10 years: 6.8% (2.6–17.7%) and 13 years post-graft: 20.2% (5.5–59.2%), the cumulative probability of SMN being 6.8 at 10 years. Since the number of expected cases in the general population is 0.62, the ratio of observed to expected cases is 12.9 (P < 0.001). This figure means that the risk of developing a malignant neoplasm in allografted individuals using our method is 12.9 times higher than that in the general population. There were three non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, two M2 acute myelogenous leukemias, one hairy cell leukemia, one tongue epidermoid carcinoma, and one breast carcinoma.

Conclusions

We have found a low incidence of SMN in this group of Mexican patients allografted with the Mexican RIC method. Possible explanations for this difference are discussed, focusing on the RIC preparative regimen.     

Primary adrenal adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: a case report and review of the literature

Primary adrenal lymphoma (PAL) is very rare; the majority of cases reported previously were of B-cell origin. We report a rare case of primary adrenal adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (primary adrenal ATLL). ATLL is a highly aggressive T-cell type non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and etiologically associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1). Most ATLL patients present with leukemia and widespread lymphadenopathy. A 37-year-old Japanese woman presented with back pain in January 2004. Examination showed no peripheral lymphadenopathy, circulating lymphoma cells, hepatosplenomegaly, and skin lesions. Imaging studies demonstrated large adrenal masses bilaterally. Subsequently, she underwent open adrenal biopsy and pathological diagnosis was confirmed as T-cell lymphoma. The serum antibody to HTLV-1 was positive. Southern blot analysis detected monoclonal integration of proviral DNA of HTLV-1 into host genome in the biopsy specimen. The diagnosis of ATLL arising in adrenal glands was established. Despite repeated systemic chemotherapy, the patient died of progressive disease in December 2004. ATLL could primarily involve the adrenal gland and this disease entity should be included in the differential diagnosis of adrenal mass lesions.