华北克拉通南缘早白垩世中基性火山岩成因及其地质意义

平顶山早白垩世大营组中基性火山岩样品为钾质和钾玄岩石系列,主要由粗安岩组成,属于偏铝质岩石。低MgO(2.25%~2.88%)和Cr(17.5~30.0μg/g)、Ni(17.4~23.3μg/g),高Al2O3(17.32%~17.56%)和K2O(4.43%~4.56%),K2O/Na2O>1。稀土表现出LREE富集的右倾平滑分布型式,(La/Yb)CN=14.0~14.7,HREE弱分馏,(Gd/Yb)CN=2.42~2.66,富集Rb、Ba、K、LREE和亏损Nb-Ta、Th,弱的Sr正异常。Sr-Nd同位素较富集87Sr/86Sr(t)=0.706877~0.707005,εNd(t)=-10.9~-11.6。大营组中基性火山源区岩的稀土、微量元素地球化学和同位素组成类似于晚中生代苏鲁造山带基性火山岩,北大别镁铁-超镁铁质侵入体和北淮阳中基性火山岩(Fanetal.,2001,2004;Wangetal.,2005),暗示其可能具有相似的岩石成因,即大营组中基性火山来自于古老陆下岩石圈地幔和深俯冲的扬子下地壳混合源区的部分熔融作用,说明华北和扬子陆块在三叠纪碰撞过程中,扬子陆壳深俯冲再循环进入华北岩石圈地幔,其形成与板块俯冲作用没有直接的动力学关系,而形成于陆内伸展拉张环境下。     

北淮阳东段张冲闪长玢岩地球化学特征、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

张冲闪长玢岩呈不规则状侵入佛子岭岩群诸佛庵岩组和毛坦厂组中。岩体具较高的SiO_2和Al_2O_3含量,为偏碱性、准铝质、高钾钙碱性系列岩石。富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土元素(LREE),亏损高场强元素(HFSE)、重稀土(HREE)和Y,无明显Eu异常,Sr正异常。通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法确定张冲闪长玢岩年龄为129±3 Ma,表明该岩体侵位于早白垩世。通过对岩石主、微量元素特征研究,认为岩浆可能来源于底侵玄武岩,并受到地壳物质的混染。岩体形成于中生代构造体制转换期,可能属于北淮阳东段中生代第一旋回侵入岩。     

华北克拉通及邻区早前寒武纪变玄武质岩石的地球化学

华北克拉通及邻区早前寒武纪变玄武质岩石的地球化学万渝生，伍家善，耿元生（中国地质科学院地质研究所，北京１０００３７）关键词华北克拉通，变玄武质岩石，地球化学，时空演化１数据来源及处理方法原始数据引自近百篇公开和未公开发表的文献，但并非所有收集到的数据...     

琼北儋州市洛基地区早白垩世火山岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、 地球化学特征及其地质意义

琼北儋州市洛基陆相火山盆地发育一套中基性火山岩系,主要岩性为安山岩-粗安岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果显示其形成年龄为100.8 Ma,属早白垩世晚期。岩石具有SiO_2、Al_2O_3、Na_2O、K_2O偏高,而CaO、MgO、TiO2等偏低的特点;岩石稀土配分模式均表现为右倾的轻稀土富集型,轻、重稀土分异较强;富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素;表明源岩可能受到了俯冲组分的影响。Sr-Nd-Pb同位素研究结果显示,Pb同位素初始比值为206Pb/204Pb=18.4715～18.5193、207Pb/204Pb=15.6124～15.6484、208Pb/204Pb=38.4444～38.6097,初始Sr比值为0.7071～0.7086,Nd初始比值为0.5122～0.5125,εNd (t)值为-4.3～-0.9,T2DM为980～1259 Ma。综合研究认为,中基性火山岩源自经俯冲流体交代作用的富集岩石圈地幔,并经历了明显的地壳物质混染作用,形成于太平洋板块俯冲体系引发的拉张伸展环境中。     

庐枞盆地早白垩世闪长玢岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其成矿指示意义

庐枞盆地是长江中下游成矿带中的重要铁(铜)矿集区,盆地内闪长玢岩与成矿作用关系密切,但目前对庐枞盆地内闪长玢岩地球化学特征及形成时代的认识仍存在争议。本文分析了庐枞盆地内闪长玢岩的主量元素、微量元素、Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成特征,并利用LA-ICP MS对盆地内泥河铁矿及汪庄铜矿深部的闪长玢岩样品进行了锆石U-Pb定年。泥河铁矿深部两块闪长玢岩样品中锆石的206 Pb/238 U加权平均年龄分别为138±1.4Ma及134.5±1.8Ma,而汪庄铜矿三块样品锆石U-Pb定年结果分别为133.9±1.9Ma、137.5±1.6Ma及135.8±2.2Ma。研究结果显示庐枞盆地内闪长质岩浆活动的开始于138 Ma左右,并可能一直持续到约134Ma。而庐枞盆地内这期较早的岩浆活动可能与周边隆起区(铜陵)约140~145Ma的岩浆活动类似,同时与区内早白垩世成矿作用密切相关,对于在庐枞盆地开展深部找矿具有重要的指示意义。     

大兴安岭伊勒呼里山早白垩世碱长花岗岩年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义

对大兴安岭伊勒呼里山早白垩世碱长花岗岩进行了岩相学、地球化学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年研究。伊勒呼里山地区碱长花岗岩主量元素具有富Si、富碱,贫Mg、Ca的特征;微量元素亏损Sr、P、Eu、Ti,富集K、Rb、Th等不相容元素,元素地球化学特征表明,岩体为铝质A型花岗岩(A/CNK=0.88~1.21,A/NK=0.94~1.49)。测年结果显示,粗中粒碱长花岗岩的锆石年龄为140.3±1.0Ma,细中粒碱长花岗岩锆石年龄为137.9±0.8Ma,均形成于早白垩世。结合区域研究资料,伊勒呼里山地区碱长花岗岩岩体的形成与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋闭合后的岩石圈伸展密切相关,其岩浆源区可能为地壳物质的部分熔融。     

华北克拉通西部临县紫金山碱性岩体地球化学特征及地质意义

山西吕梁地区出露的紫金山岩体为我国著名的碱性岩体之一.为了探讨紫金山碱性岩体的物质来源及地质意义,对该岩体主要岩石进行了岩相学及岩石地球化学研究.结果表明:紫金山岩体各期次岩石具有低硅、富碱、高钾的特点,属钾质碱性岩石;岩石轻重稀土元素分馏较强烈,具有轻稀土相对富集、重稀土相对亏损、无明显Eu异常的特征;微量元素总体表现为大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、K、Sr等)明显富集、高场强元素(Th、Nb、Ta、La、Ce、Nd、P、Ti等)亏损的特征.紫金山岩体岩浆来源较深,与富集地幔关系密切,岩浆演化机制以部分熔融作用为主且存在陆壳物质混染.结合山西境内多处同时期的碱性、偏碱性岩体特征,推断华北中部早白垩世碱性岩浆活动与古太平洋板块俯冲背景下华北克拉通破坏作用关系密切.     

冀北金台子盆地早白垩世酸性火山岩地球化学、锆石年代学及其地质意义

华北克拉通在中生代以来遭受了显著破坏。前人的研究对克拉通破坏的机制和峰期取得了较大共识, 但是关于克拉通破坏的启动时间一直存在争议。本文通过对冀北金台子中生代盆地构造特征及其填充的火山岩地球化学和年代学进行分析, 为华北克拉通破坏启动时间提供新的约束。研究表明, 金台子盆地为一伸展断陷盆地。盆地呈北东-南西向展布, 东侧被正断层控制, 西侧为地层超覆边界。盆地内自下而上发育后城组、白旗组、啕北营组、九佛堂组火山-沉积组合。后城组是一套稳定的河流相红色砂砾岩沉积地层;白旗组和啕北营组主体为巨厚层流纹岩、流纹质凝灰熔岩, 局部夹安山岩和火山碎屑岩;九佛堂组是一套以砾岩、砂砾岩等为主体的碎屑岩。地球化学分析表明金台子盆地中发育的酸性火山岩源于地壳重熔。锆石U-Pb年代学研究显示, 金台子盆地内流纹岩自约145 Ma开始广泛喷发并形成巨厚层的酸性火山岩地层, 表明此时在华北北缘地区的岩石圈减薄和破坏可能就已非常剧烈, 据此华北克拉通在其北缘的破坏至少应早于145 Ma。     

赣东北早白垩世中酸性火山-侵入杂岩微量元素地球化学特征及成因探讨

赣东北地区早白垩世中酸性火山－－侵入杂岩微量元素地球化学特征表明,本区在早白垩世处于陆内造山向陆内拉张过渡的一个构造环境。赣东北早白垩世火山－－侵入杂岩正是在这样一个过渡性构造环境中形成的“过渡型岩浆岩建造”,它兼有二个岩浆岩体系的特征,但又不典型。其特点与成熟陆壳背景下的同熔系列花岗岩的特点一致,表明本区早白垩火山－－侵入杂岩属于壳幔混合的同熔型岩浆岩成因。     

辽东凤城地区早白垩世花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及地质意义

辽东凤城地区出露的大面积花岗岩一直是华北克拉通北缘岩石圈减薄的研究热点,但花岗岩的岩石年龄、成因及构造环境等方面的研究尚不够深入.以辽东凤城地区帽盔山二长花岗岩、蛟羊峪花岗闪长岩、清凉山二长花岗岩为研究对象,采用岩石学、岩石地球化学及LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年方法,讨论了花岗岩的岩石成因及构造意义.帽盔山二长花岗岩、蛟羊峪花岗闪长岩、清凉山二长花岗岩中锆石具有典型的岩浆振荡生长环带和较高的钍铀比（Th/U>0.4）,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为127.2±0.6 Ma、122.9±1.1 Ma、129.0±0.8 Ma,均形成于早白垩世.岩石地球化学特征显示帽盔山二长花岗岩和清凉山二长花岗岩为高钾钙碱性A型花岗岩,具有富Si、富碱,贫Al、Fe、Ca、Mg的特征,Eu负异常较为明显;蛟羊峪花岗闪长岩为准铝质到过铝质岩石,微量元素富集Nd、Tb、La,亏损Sr、P、Ti.构造环境判别结果显示,上述3个花岗岩体均形成于伸展拉张的构造环境.以上研究表明,辽东凤城地区在早白垩世时期处于非造山的伸展环境,是华北克拉通岩石圈减薄和克拉通破坏作用的缩影.      

华北克拉通早前寒武纪条带状铁建造形成时代——SHRIMP锆石U Pb定年

华北克拉通是我国早前寒武纪条带状铁建造(BIF)最重要的分布区。近年来大量锆石定年研究表明,华北克拉通BIF形成于始太古代到古元古代早期,但主要为新太古代晚期(2.50～2.55Ga)。最重要的BIF分布于华北克拉通东部的鞍本、冀东和鲁西地区,沉积环境相对稳定是大规模BIF形成的重要条件。华北克拉通新太古代晚期BIF形成的构造环境还不十分清楚,但可能为岛弧构造环境。BIF明显的时代专属性是地质和大气演化的结果。     

Early Cretaceous gabbroic rocks from the Taihang Mountains: Implications for a paleosubduction-related lithospheric mantle beneath the central North China Craton

SHRIMP zircon U–Pb ages and geochemical and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic data are presented for the gabbroic intrusive from the southern Taihang Mountains to characterize the nature of the Mesozoic lithospheric mantle beneath the central North China Craton (NCC). The gabbroic rocks emplaced at 125 Ma and are composed of plagioclase (40–50%), amphibole (20–30%), clinopyroxene (10–15%), olivine (5–10%) and biotite (5–7%). Olivines have high MgO (Fo = 78–85) and NiO content. Clinopyroxenes are high in MgO and CaO with the dominant ones having the formula of En_42–46Wo_41–50Fs_8–13. Plagioclases are dominantly andesine–labradorite (An = 46–78%) and have normal zonation from bytownite in the core to andesine in the rim. Amphiboles are mainly magnesio and actinolitic hornblende, distinct from those in the Precambrian high-pressure granulites of the NCC. These gabbroic rocks are characterized by high MgO (9.0–11.04%) and SiO₂ (52.66–55.52%), and low Al₂O₃, FeOt and TiO₂, and could be classified as high-mg basaltic andesites. They are enriched in LILEs and LREEs, depleted in HFSEs and HREEs, and exhibit (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i = 0.70492–0.70539, ε_Nd(t) = − 12.47–15.07, (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i = 16.63–17.10, Δ8/4 = 70.1–107.2 and Δ7/4 = − 2.1 to − 9.4, i.e., an EMI-like isotopic signatures. Such geochemical features indicate that these early Cretaceous gabbroic rocks were originated from a refractory pyroxenitic veined-plus-peridotite source previously modified by an SiO₂-rich melt that may have been derived from Paleoproterozoic subducted crustal materials. Late Mesozoic lithospheric extension might have induced the melting of the metasomatised lithospheric mantle in response to the upwelling of the asthenosphere to generate these gabbroic rocks in the southern Taihang Mountains.     

Early cretaceous igneous activities in the north flank of the North China Craton: the Shouwangfen complex example

ABSTRACT

The Early Cretaceous igneous complexes in the north flank of the North China Craton (NCC) provide a window to investigate the Mesozoic magmatism in the NCC. Here we report the precise timing of Early Cretaceous magmatism and magma petrogenesis of the different rock types in the north flank of the NCC based on petrology, mineral chemistry, geochemistry, zircon geochronology and Sr-Nd isotopes. Zircon U-Pb dating reveals that the Shouwangfen complex was crystallized at 130–128 Ma. The rocks display enrichment in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and LREE, and depletion in high field strength elements (HFSE) and HREE, with relatively high Sr/Y and La/Yb values, typical of subduction-related magmatic rocks. The mafic microgranular enclaves show typical igneous textures, acicular apatites, sieve-texture of plagioclase phenocrysts and overgrowth of amphibole around the pyroxene, corresponding to magma mixing and mingling and thermal exchange. The quartz monzonites display normal zoning of the plagioclase, low and homogeneous εNd(t) values and linear co-variations in two-component diagrams. The quartz monzodiorites are characterized by high and homogeneous εNd(t) values. Petrologic feature and geochemical data suggest that the quartz monzonites represent lower crustal magma with minor contribution of enriched melt of the sub-continental lithospheric mantle (SCLM), followed by fractional crystallization. The mafic microgranular enclaves were sourced from enriched SCLM, followed by mixing and mingling with the host quartz monzonitic magma. The quartz monzodiorites are mainly SCLM-derived and subsequently mixed with lower crust melts. The high water contents (≥3%) of these Early Cretaceous igneous complexes suggests a hydrous SCLM beneath the NCC. The Early Cretaceous igneous complexes formed within an extensional tectonic setting which were related to the retreat and dehydration of the paleo-Pacific slab. The hydration of the lithosphere induced extensive crust-mantle interaction and large-scale water-rich magmatism, leading to lithospheric thinning in the NCC during the Mesozoic.     

华北克拉通北缘早白垩世金成矿与地幔物质的贡献

华北克拉通北缘是我国重要的金成矿带,早白垩世金矿床主要分布在成矿带的中-东段赤峰-朝阳矿集区、五龙-猫岭矿集区、夹皮沟矿集区、老岭矿集区及附近区域。本文综述了华北北缘早白垩世金矿床的地质及同位素地球化学特征,讨论了早白垩世地幔组分参与金成矿的证据和过程。研究表明,华北北缘早白垩世金矿床与矿区内中-基性岩脉具有密切的时空关系;金矿脉中石英流体包裹体氢-氧同位素、碳酸盐矿物碳同位素及含金黄铁矿氦-氩同位素组成揭示成矿流体以岩浆水为主,具有壳-幔混合来源的特征;硫-铅-锶-钕同位素组成显示成矿物质具有显著的上地幔贡献。个别金矿床原位硫同位素组成反映成矿流体经历了强烈的水-岩反应,从围岩中萃取了部分硫等成矿组分。总体上,华北北缘早白垩世金矿具有基本一致的地质和地球化学特征,反映了幔源岩浆对金矿床的成矿流体及成矿物质具有重要贡献,其金成矿过程与早白垩世（140~120Ma）华北克拉通破坏及相关的壳幔相互作用有关。

     

华北克拉通东南缘蚌埠隆起带早白垩世晚期二长花岗岩成因及动力学背景

位于华北克拉通东南缘的蚌埠隆起带随着扬子陆块与华北陆块碰撞、拼接,经历了较为复杂的演化过程,本文选取其中早白垩世晚期的7个二长花岗岩侵入体进行野外观察和年代学研究,获得的年龄集中于114.6±3.3~121±1.0Ma;地球化学数据显示了其富硅、富碱的钙碱性准铝-铝弱饱特征,LREE相对富集,具弱铕负异常,铈异常不明显,K、P和Ti元素有较明显的亏损,Rb、Ta、Sr和Nd元素相对富集,具备陆壳为主的源岩深熔作用的特征。K_2O-Na_2O及SiO_2-Zr成因类型判别图上,侵入体投影点分布于Ⅰ型花岗岩区域,ε_(Hf)(t)全部为负值且相对较低(-25.2~-15.61),说明其为壳源成因,两阶段Hf模式年龄(2.17~2.76Ga),说明其物质起源主要为新太古宙陆壳物质,结合华北克拉通主体形成时间暗示其岩浆源区主要为华北克拉通下地壳物质。随着地壳增厚和下地壳-岩石圈的拆沉作用而引发的大规模岩浆活动,增厚的下地壳底部发生部分熔融,导致地壳快速隆升和随后的伸展,古老的陆壳物质经过改造和再循环,形成区内早白垩世晚期二长花岗岩。     

A review of the geodynamic setting of large-scale Late Mesozoic gold mineralization in the North China Craton: an association with lithospheric thinning

Abundant gold deposits are distributed along the margins of the North China Craton (NCC). Occurring throughout the Precambrian basement and located in or proximal to Mesozoic granitoids, these deposits show a consistent spatial–temporal association with Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous magmatism and are characterized by quartz lode or disseminated styles of mineralization with extensive alteration of wall rock. Their ages are mainly Early Cretaceous (130–110 Ma) and constrain a very short period of metallogenesis. Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic tracers of ores, minerals and associated rocks indicate that gold and associated metals mainly were derived from multi-sources, i.e., the wall rocks (Precambrian basement and Mesozoic granites) and associated mafic rocks.Previous studies, including high surface heat flow, uplift and later basin development, slow seismic wave speeds in the upper mantle, and a change in the character of mantle xenoliths sampled by Paleozoic to Cenozoic magmas, have been used to suggest that ancient, cratonic mantle lithosphere was removed from the base of the NCC some time after the Ordovician, and replaced by younger, less refractory lithospheric mantle. The geochemistry and isotopic compositions of the mafic rocks associated with gold mineralization (130–110 Ma) indicate that they were derived from an ancient enriched lithospheric mantle source; whereas, the mafic dikes and volcanic rocks younger than 110 Ma were derived from a relatively depleted mantle source, i.e., asthenospheric mantle. According to their age and sources, relation to magmatism and geodynamic framework, the gold deposits were formed during lithospheric thinning. The removal of lithospheric mantle and the upwelling of new asthenospheric mantle induced partial melting and dehydration of the lithospheric mantle and lower crust due to an increase of temperature. The fluids derived from the lower crust were mixed with magmatic and meteoric waters, and resulted in the deposition of gold and associated metals.     

Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications of Jurassic Granites in the Xingcheng Area, Northeastern North China Craton

New integrated geochemical studies are reported for Jurassic granites of the Xingcheng area in the northeastern North China Craton. U–Pb zircon data indicate that the Huashan and Taili monzogranites were emplaced during the Early (189 ± 2 Ma) and Late (155 ± 1 Ma) Jurassic, respectively. They are typical of high-K calc-alkaline series rocks and I-type granites, according to our whole-rock geochemical researches. Both Early and Late Jurassic monzogranites show adakitic rock characteristics because of their high Sr contents (221–347 ppm) and Sr/Y ratios (28.7–37.5), and low Y contents (7.83–14.7 ppm). The Early Jurassic monzogranite samples have an (87Sr/86Sr)i ratio of 0.7046, εNd(t) values of ?11.62 to ?11.51, and εHf(t) values of ?13.6 to ?6.4, whereas the Late Jurassic monzogranites have higher (87Sr/86Sr)i ratios of 0.7069–0.7071 and lower εNd(t) (?20.65 to ?20.46) and εHf(t) (?27.6 to ?20.0) values. We suggest that the Early Jurassic adakitic rocks were derived from partial melting of thickened lower crust contaminated with mantle-derived materials, related to subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate. The Late Jurassic adakitic rocks were derived from partial melting of thickened lower crust in an extensional tectonic setting associated with an active continental margin.     

华北克拉通北缘喀喇沁变质核杂岩早白垩世构造演化过程与形成模式

对于喀喇沁变质核杂岩早白垩世构造过程与形成模式长期以来存在着不同的认识。通过详细的野外构造观察及擦痕应力场反演,并结合前人年代学数据,有效地制约了喀喇沁变质核杂岩早白垩世的构造演化,并对其形成模式进行了分析。结果表明,起源于晚侏罗世的喀喇沁变质核杂岩,在早白垩世(141～100 Ma)再次经历了强烈的伸展与岩浆活动。在此伸展活动中,沿着核部杂岩两侧分别发育了NE走向、倾向相反的楼子店-八里罕和上店-东风大型正断层,进而控制两侧半地堑式的小牛与平庄盆地的发育。在这两条边界断层的伸展运动及随后的均衡隆升中,核部杂岩不断抬升与剥露,先后发育了NE-NNE向的伸展韧性变形带与脆性正断层。这些早白垩世韧性和脆性伸展构造一致指示拉张方向为NW-SE向。综合分析表明,区内早白垩世伸展活动经历了141～134 Ma的初始伸展与同构造岩体侵位阶段、133～126 Ma的边界断层强烈活动与核部快速抬升阶段以及125～100Ma的均衡隆升阶段。喀喇沁变质核杂岩在早白垩世的伸展活动中转变为地垒式伸展穹窿,其强烈伸展活动出现在华北克拉通破坏峰期,动力学背景是古太平洋板块俯冲导致的远场弧后拉张。     

早白垩世华北克拉通东部岩石圈减薄过程和机制:来自河北西石门杂岩体的证据

白垩纪华北克拉通岩石圈经历了巨大的减薄事件,但减薄过程及机制仍存在较大争论。早白垩世的西石门杂岩体是华北克拉通东部与岩石圈减薄相关的重要杂岩体。根据西石门杂岩体形成时代和岩石结构特征将其划分为两套岩石组合。早期岩套由二长闪长岩-二长岩-正长岩系列组成,具等粒结构,形成时代约为135. 6Ma,岩石地球化学成分为SiO_2=51. 72%～68. 56%、MgO=0. 17%～4. 88%,少部分样品表现出C型埃达克岩的特征;晚期岩套由斑状二长岩-斑状正长岩系列组成,具似斑状结构,形成时代约为125. 3Ma,岩石地球化学成分为SiO_2=57. 00%～67. 51%、MgO=0. 61%～3. 37%,其中还存在大量年龄约2500Ma的继承锆石。两套侵入岩均为高钾钙碱性系列但早期岩套多具埃达克质岩特征,晚期岩套岩石中锆石具有更负的ε_(Hf)(t),显示其具有更多的壳源物质组成。角闪石温度计、压力计显示,早期岩套的定位环境为T=883. 66℃、P=194. 95MPa,相当于7. 36km深处;晚期岩套的定位环境为T=642. 34℃、P=26. 81MPa,相当于1. 01km深处。从135. 6Ma至125. 3Ma,地壳快速抬升了约6. 35km。研究认为,在约135. 6Ma时陆内岩浆作用开始影响研究区,软流圈地幔上涌促使地壳物质熔融、混合形成了早期岩套,同时大规模的岩浆活动及地壳褶皱变形导致陆壳加厚。之后岩石圈地幔发生拆沉作用,地壳快速抬升。在约125. 3Ma后,软流圈地幔继续上涌,回弹的陆壳开始发生大规模的熔融形成了晚期岩套。据此认为拆沉作用是中生代华北克拉通岩石圈减薄的主要机制。     

华北东部早白垩世A型花岗岩与克拉通破坏

A型花岗岩是非造山的、无水的碱性花岗岩, 具有独特的矿物学、岩石学和地球化学特征, 形成于造山后、板内非造山或者地幔热柱等伸展动力学背景, 蕴涵着大陆地壳生长、岩石圈演化及区域构造发展等大陆动力学的重要信息.在华北东部广泛分布着一期中生代A型花岗岩及伴生的碱性岩, 结合前人的研究成果以及笔者近年来的研究发现: 它们主要侵位于早白垩世(130~110Ma), 来源于上地壳、下地壳和地幔等多元源区, 是不同成分的岩浆经过分离结晶、岩浆混合作用形成; 综合区域地球动力学研究和A型花岗岩本身的地球化学特征, 认为华北东部早白垩世A型花岗岩形成于地壳伸展背景之下, 是岩石圈减薄和克拉通破坏的浅部地质响应, 标志着华北东部岩石圈减薄和克拉通破坏作用的峰期.