Working in the office of "Real Soon Now"

The "Office of Real Soon Now" is an ongoing experiment to see what it's like to use large-screen projection as our only computer display. We say "Real Soon Now" to contrast our experiment with the "Office of the Future", a project at the University of North Carolina that's building a much more sophisticated, laboratory-based environment in which multiple projectors seamlessly blend to display on most of the office surfaces. Our systems aren't nearly that fancy. Our idea was to experiment with systems we could build and operate within days. In our "Real Soon Now" offices, we use large-screen projection instead of conventional monitors. We've been using these systems for more than a year, and we'll never go back.     

Organizational-historical analysis of the "failure to respond to alarm" problems

Large healthcare organizations are complex sociotechnical systems in many senses. Understanding how such complex systems adapt to their internal and external environment may help us devise effective strategies in building robust, high-reliability organizations. In this paper, we report findings of an in-depth study of auditory alarms in acute care settings in an attempt to study complex organizations. Investigations into incidents with adverse outcomes often lead to blames of not responding to auditory alarms which, in most cases, sound at audible levels. We interviewed a number of clinicians and stakeholders to understand the reasons why in some circumstances alarms are not responded to. The findings illustrate a spectrum of reasons that predispose care providers in certain responding patterns, such as large numbers of alarms, confusion of alarms, temporary episodes of high workload, and external economic pressures. We also uncovered a number of proactive interventions at unit and organizational levels that sometimes had unanticipated effects.     

基于STM32的健康一体机控制系统的设计

设计与实现了一种基于STM32芯片、用于居家环境下的健康一体机控制系统.该系统由电源管理模块、蓝牙模块、SD卡模块、OLED显示模块等几部分组成,可以用于控制与处理多生理参数模块采集到的心电、血氧饱和浓度、血压、脉搏率、呼吸率、体温等人体生理信息数据,并且可以对数据解析进行OLED屏显示以及通过蓝牙或串口发送给外界显示设备进行显示.系统利用模块化设计理念,可以适应不同多生理参数采集模块,具有多功能、扩展性能好、可移植性高等特点.同时,系统利用OLED屏进行显示,区别于传统的医用大型设备,有效地减小了设备体积,降低了设备使用功耗,便于居家环境下使用.     

Middleware "dark matter"

Clay Shirky describes PCs as the "dark matter of the Internet" because a lot of them are connected, but they're barely detectable. We can apply a similar analogy to middleware because the "mass" of the middleware universe is much greater than the systems - such as message-oriented middleware (MOM), enterprise application integration (EAI), and application servers based on Corba or J2EE - that we usually think of when we speak of middleware. We tend to forget or ignore the vast numbers of systems based on other approaches. We can't see them, and we don't talk about them, but they're out there solving real-world integration problems - and profoundly influencing the middleware space. These systems are the dark matter of the middleware universe.     

Is "Internet-speed" software development different?

Developing software at Internet speed requires a flexible development environment that can cope with fast-changing requirements and an increasingly demanding market. Agile principles are better suited than traditional software development principles to provide such an environment.     

Component-Based Systems Reconfigurations Using Graph Transformations with <Emphasis Type="Italic">GROOVE</Emphasis>

Component-based systems permit standardisation and re-usability of code through the use of components. The architecture of component-based systems can be modified thanks to dynamic reconfigurations, which contribute to systems’ (self-)adaptation by adding or removing components without incurring any system downtime. In this context, the present article describes a formal model for dynamic reconfigurations of component-based systems. It provides a way of expressing runtime reconfigurations of a system and proving their correctness according to a static invariant for consistency constraints and/or a user-provided post-condition. Guarded reconfigurations allow us to build reconfigurations based on primitive reconfiguration operations using sequences of reconfigurations and the alternative and the repetitive constructs, while preserving configuration consistency. A practical contribution consists of the implementation of a component-based model using the GROOVE graph transformation tool. This implementation is illustrated on a cloud-based multi-tier application hosting environment managed as a component-based system. In addition, after enriching the model with interpreted configurations and reconfigurations in a consistency compatible manner, component systems’ implementations are related to their specifications by a simulation relation.     

“龙腾R2”微处理器模块级验证

针对"龙腾R2"微处理器验证过程中的存在验证规模大,人力资源不足的问题,采用流水线模型构建随机的指令序列生成器,搭建以功能覆盖率为导向的自动化验证平台;该平台在仿真验证过程中能根据处理器的运行状态及覆盖率实时地调整指令流以侧重当前验证不充分的功能模块,实现自动化验证;通过仿真,与传统方法相比,在达到同等验证程度的情况下,使用该平台验证周期明显缩短,同时验证覆盖率也有所提高。     

Environment as a first class abstraction in multiagent systems

The current practice in multiagent systems typically associates the environment with resources that are external to agents and their communication infrastructure. Advanced uses of the environment include infrastructures for indirect coordination, such as digital pheromones, or support for governed interaction in electronic institutions. Yet, in general, the notion of environment is not well defined. Functionalities of the environment are often dealt with implicitly or in an ad hoc manner. This is not only poor engineering practice, it also hinders engineers to exploit the full potential of the environment in multiagent systems. In this paper, we put forward the environment as an explicit part of multiagent systems.We give a definition stating that the environment in a multiagent system is a first-class abstraction with dual roles: (1) the environment provides the surrounding conditions for agents to exist, which implies that the environment is an essential part of every multiagent system, and (2) the environment provides an exploitable design abstraction for building multiagent system applications. We discuss the responsibilities of such an environment in multiagent systems and we present a reference model for the environment that can serve as a basis for environment engineering. To illustrate the power of the environment as a design abstraction, we show how the environment is successfully exploited in a real world application. Considering the environment as a first-class abstraction in multiagent systems opens up new horizons for research and development in multiagent systems.     

网络环境下“教学做一体化”教学模式中交互控制策略

根据网络环境下“教学做一体化”教学强大的交互特点,挖掘出凌波多媒体网络教室软件的主要功能,介绍了凌波多媒体网络教室软件对网络环境下“教学做一体化”教学模式中交互和有效控制策略。     

"冻结系数法"的改进

本文改进、推广了时变线性系统稳定性的"冻结系数法",使该法应用范围得以扩大.     

Comments on "Instability of optimal-aim control"

This note discusses the conclusions of the above paper on the instability of optimal-aim strategies relative to controllable linear systems. Contrary to these conclusions, it is proved that under fully implemented optimal-aim strategies, all controllable linear systems are stabilized.     

"Optimal" operating rules for automated manufacturing systems

In modeling automated manufacturing systems such as transfer lines and flexible manufacturing systems it is necessary to make assumptions about how such systems will be operated. Hence, it is desirable to determine the "optimal" operating rules. In this paper a number of examples are given of how the "optimal" rules are determined so that consideration is given to the control options that can be used, the information available to the operator and the typical multilevel nature of the system's control.     

浅谈城市规划设计中的“生态化”与“自然化”——以略阳县江滨广场规划设计为例

在现代城市规划设计中,规划设计思想是不能脱离周围的整体环境,要想体现出规划思想中的"生态化"、"自然化"首先就一定要对周围的环境进行研究和解读,包括周围的城市历史风貌、地域文化,自然环境等,这样才能使设计的作品更加具有深度和内涵。其次,要依据科学,了解植物的生长习性、适地性、遵循植物正常规律的前提下,借助于设计师的生态观念、自然观念、和科学技术等,对其进行改造和创新,设计出具有科学美的人居环境。     

《计算机组装与维护》多元学习环境设计研究

多元学习环境对“学生的学习意义建构“、“学生个体的多元智能发展“有很大的促进作用,从而培养全面发展的、富有个性的、和谐的学生个体,使每个学生都成为成功的、有效的学习者.本文将该学习环境模型与《计算机组装与维护》课程的内容和特点相结合,提出了该课程的多元学习环境.     

An "Equal arc" construction method for positive-negative feedback systems

A construction method is introduced by which one can obtain the positive feedback system closed-loop poles directly from the corresponding negative feedback system closed-loop poles for certain second- and third-order cases. Corresponding systems are defined as systems which differ from each other only in the feedback polarity. Restrictions which must be imposed on the systems are summarized in Conclusions.     

PowerPoint也编程之“算24”

PowerPoint简单实用,但关于PowerPoint编程方面的介绍少之又少。本文在对“算24”问题进行算法讨论的基础上,给出了在PowerPoint(VBA)编程环境下的实现方法。     

Agent virtual machine for automation controllers: Example application: Shipboard automation

We are interested in providing an agent infrastructure for truly distributed control. Requirements include multiple language implementations, so that this agent host environment can exist in both real-time controllers and contain the ability to operate with external agent systems. Our first infrastructure, the Autonomous Cooperative System (ACS), accomplished these goals, but presented other issues. Although ACS has been successfully deployed on commercial controllers, new releases of controllers will cause complications in the evolution of the software and adoption of future functionality. We need to establish a formal integration procedure of the agent functionality with the controllers and to transform the underlying system into a fully integrated and open heterogeneous system. We use a shipboard automation example to demonstrate the use of the agent virtual machine. With this system, the shipboard automation system is designed as a distributed and survivable environment, thereby spreading intelligence throughout the controllers and not in central locations.     

Comments on "An iterative learning controller with initial statelearning"

In the original paper of Chen, Wen, Gong and Sun (ibid., vol.44 , p.371-6, 1999), initial state learning was considered for a class of nonlinear control systems. This paper treats of the linear setting. Its purpose is threefold. (1) It draws the readers' attention to some papers addressing initial state learning not cited in the aforementioned paper. (2) It points out that the class of control systems addressed in the aforementioned paper is restricted to that of systems with state-space dimension equal to output space dimension, but that this hypothesis can be removed. (3) It analyzes the point of convergence of the algorithm proposed in the aforementioned paper when applied to systems with internal dynamics     

Inventorying information technology systems: supporting the "paradigm of change"

One of the most significant failures of the IT profession is the absence of systems to gather, support, and supply information for managing software items. Most IT professionals, if they consider software management, think in terms of version or configuration control license and patch management. Version control systems (VCSs) and software configuration management (SCM) systems aim to manage versions of individual software objects with support for linking into sets for release purposes. This has nothing to do with addressing the issues of controlling large amounts of geographically disbursed software, executing on different kinds of systems, maintained by hundreds to thousands of programmers. Software systems are the only major organizational asset with no real support for managing them based on information technology. An appropriate IT inventory management facility is the cornerstone of an integrated set of technologies, called the "paradigm of change" designed to address constantly changing technologies and business processes.     

“以人为本”与“绿色设计”再思考

面对目前生态环境的不断恶化,众多的学者开始怀疑以前将"以人为本"定为设计的根本原则的真实性,于是他们提出了"以自然为本"的设计原则。本文认为设计是属人的一种文化,它的本质原则就应该是"以人为本","以自然为本"只能作为"以人为本"的手段或过程而存在。另外,"绿色设计"也只能是一个相对的概念,只能尽量地减少对资源的浪费和对环境的污染,而不可能做到零浪费和零污染。