腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的比较

目的探讨卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿腹腔镜手术的临床价值. 方法对52例卵巢内膜异位囊肿腹腔镜手术(腹腔镜组)与同期75例卵巢内膜异位囊肿开腹手术(开腹组)进行分析比较. 结果腹腔镜组手术时间(61.4±9.3)min比开腹组(72.6±7.1)min明显缩短(t=7.692,P=0.000);腹腔镜组术后排气时间(25.3±4.1)h明显早于开腹组(49.8±6.9)h(t=22.935,P=0.000);腹腔镜组术后病率(9/52)显著低于开腹组(31/75)(χ2=8.216,P=0.004);腹腔镜组术后痛经缓解率(26/37)与开腹组(34/51)无显著差别(χ2=0.128, P=0.818);腹腔镜组术后妊娠率(5/22)与开腹组(7/25)无显著差别(χ2=0.171,P=0.747). 结论腹腔镜手术治疗卵巢内膜异位囊肿疗效与开腹手术相同,是一种理想的治疗卵巢内膜异位囊肿的手术方式.     

腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术88例分析

目的探讨腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术的临床疗效。方法对2008年1月至2011年8月,本院88例患者行腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术,并术后给予药物治疗。结果 88例均在腹腔镜下完成,无中转开腹和并发症发生。其中,单侧囊肿剔除69例,双侧囊肿剔除15例,一侧囊肿剔除加另侧附件切除4例。行盆腔粘连松解术74例,盆腔子宫内膜异位结节烧灼术65例,输卵管通液术11例,输卵管造口术2例。88例术后随访81例,随访率92.05%。不孕组妊娠5例,妊娠率45.45%。术后复发6例,复发率7.81%。结论腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术是安全、有效的手术方法。     

不同手术方式处理卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿对体外受精-胚胎移植妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术和经阴道穿刺抽吸术对体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)妊娠结局的影响。方法选择2010年1月至2016年3月在我院行IVF-ET助孕治疗的98例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者为研究对象,根据助孕前处理不同分组:52例曾在外院接受囊肿剔除术的患者为囊肿剔除组,46例促排卵前行经阴道行囊肿穿刺抽吸术的患者为穿刺组;并选择同期来我院就诊因单纯输卵管因素不孕的55例患者为参照组。比较不同手术组的促排卵情况及妊娠结局,以及与本中心一般IVF患者的临床结局差异。结果穿刺组窦卵泡数显著低于参照组[(10.41±4.69)vs.(13.68±7.78)个](P0.05)。囊肿剔除组和穿刺组的HCG日E_2水平[分别为(15 746.24±7 821.86)、(16 704.57±7 860.99)pmol/L]显著低于参照组[(21 082.45±10 316.09)pmol/L](P0.05)。囊肿剔除组和穿刺组的获卵数[分别为(11.37±5.98)、(10.84±6.01)个]显著低于参照组[(14.05±7.27)个](P0.05),但3组间双原核(2PN)受精率、优质胚胎率、移植胚胎数比较均无显著性差异(P0.05)。穿刺组的临床妊娠率(39.13%)呈低于囊肿剔除组(53.85%)的趋势,但无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿术后的IVF-ET临床结局与本中心一般IVF妊娠结局相似。卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿行剔除术和穿刺术各有优势,在临床工作中应根据患者实际情况选择合适的治疗方式。     

腹腔镜下行卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术对卵巢储备功能的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜下行卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术对卵巢储备功能的影响。方法选取本院112例腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术的住院患者,56例为单侧卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿,归为A组;另外56例为双侧卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿,归为B组。分别于术前月经第1~3天(T_1)、术后月经复潮第1~3天(T_2)和术后6个月月经第1~3天(T_3)检测血清中FSH、LH和E2水平,并用超声探测T_1、T_2和T_3患侧卵巢的窦状卵泡数。比较A、B两组T_1、T_2、T_3的血清FSH、LH和E2水平和窦状卵泡数。结果 (1)B组T_2的血清FSH和E2水平较T_1、T_3升高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),但是T_1、T_3的血清FSH和E2水平差异无统计学意义(P0.05);(2)A、B两组T2的患侧卵巢窦状卵泡数较T_1、T_3均有所降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),但是A、B两组T_1、T_3的患侧卵巢窦状卵泡数差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜下双侧卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥除术对卵巢储备功能的影响稍大,多为一过性,于6个月后恢复至正常水平。     

腹腔镜及开腹手术剔除卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿疗效的比较研究

目的 :比较腹腔镜手术及剖腹手术治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的效果。方法 :回顾分析行腹腔镜及开腹手术剔除子宫内膜异位囊肿 332例患者的临床资料 ,包括症状改善情况 ,术后妊娠率及复发率。结果 :腹腔镜组 1 75例 ,平均手术时间 6 2 0 1± 2 0 0 2min ,术后平均住院 3 38± 1 1 6d ;开腹组 1 5 7例 ,平均手术时间 94 73± 2 1 1 0min ;术后平均住院 6 88± 1 30d ,两组差异有高度显著性 (P <0 .0 0 1 )。术后痛经改善率腹腔镜组为 74 8% ,开腹组为 83 1 % ;术后复发率腹腔镜组为 2 8 77% ,开腹组为 34 1 7% ;不孕症患者术后妊娠率腹腔镜组为 5 0 % ,开腹组为 5 4 4 3% ,两组差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,表明两种手术方法治疗子宫内膜异位囊肿的效果相同。结论 :腹腔镜手术剔除卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿具有与开腹手术相同的疗效 ,且具有微创的特点 ,应作为首选治疗方法     

腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的疗效比较

目的比较腹腔镜手术与开腹手术治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的效果,探讨腹腔镜手术治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的价值。方法回顾性对比分析随访4个月~5年,平均41.3月的92例腹腔镜手术(腹腔镜组)及52例开腹手术(开腹组)的临床资料。结果腹腔镜组手术时间(69±41.8)m in,术后住院(3.5±1.0)d,术中出血量(55±12.0)m l;开腹组手术时间(137±54.3)m in,术后住院时间(8.7±3.5)d,术中出血量(178±105.9)m l,两组比较差异均有显著性(t=-8.402,-11.048,-13.350;P=0.000)。术后复发率腹腔镜组19.6%(18/92),开腹组19.2%(10/52),两组差异无显著性(2χ=0.002,P=0.961)。术后痛经改善率腹腔镜组66.0%(35/53),开腹组52.8%(19/36),两组比较差异无显著性(2χ=1.580,P=0.209)。结论腹腔镜治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的效果与开腹手术基本相同,但腹腔镜具有微创手术的优点,可作为治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的首选方法。     

腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的对比研究

目的 探索腹腔镜治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的效果。方法 应用电视腹腔镜手术治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿30例,与同期开腹手术30例进行对比研究。结果 两组的手术时间,术后症状缓解率,受孕率及复发率均无显著性差异。腹腔镜组出血量少,身体恢复时间短。结论 腹腔镜手术治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿是一种安全、有效、优于开腹术的治疗方法。     

腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剔除术对卵巢功能的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜下不同卵巢良性囊肿剔除手术对女性卵巢功能的影响。方法 2004年9月~2008年3月在我院接受腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剔除术的卵巢良性肿瘤114例,包括单侧卵巢内膜异位囊肿剔除33例,双侧卵巢内膜异位囊肿剔除22例,单侧卵巢囊肿剔除(除卵巢内膜异位囊肿)48例,双侧卵巢囊肿剔除(除卵巢内膜异位囊肿)11例,测定术前、术后3个月血清促卵泡素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)和雌二醇(E2),术后3个月随访月经情况、潮热症状。结果与各组术前相比,4组术后3个月性激素水平变化的差异无显著性(P0.05)。4组间术前性激素水平差异无显著性(P0.05),术后FSH、FSH/LH、E2水平4组间差异无显著性(P0.05)。术后LH水平单侧卵巢内膜异位囊肿剔除组明显低于双侧卵巢内膜异位囊肿剔除组和单侧卵巢囊肿剔除组(P值分别为0.0003、0.0191),术后LH水平双侧卵巢囊肿剔除组低于双侧卵巢内膜异位囊肿组(P=0.0479),其余组间未见显著性差异(P0.05)。术后3个月共有10例(8.8%)月经异常,5例(4.4%)潮热盗汗。61例有生育要求者中共有26例(42.6%)妊娠。结论腹腔镜下不同卵巢良性囊肿剔除手术对女性卵巢功能的近期影响有限。     

比较腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的效果

目的观察腹腔镜手术与开腹手术治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的效果。方法将2010-12—2013-12间收治的120例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者随机分为2组,各60例。对照组采用开腹手术,观察组行腹腔镜手术。比较2组治疗效果。结果 2组均成功完成手术,观察组无中转开腹病例。2组手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组术中出血量、肛门首次排气时间、住院时间分别均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后随访3 a,2组复发率差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者妊娠率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿,创伤小、术后恢复快,患者再妊娠率高。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿合并不孕33例的腹腔镜手术治疗

目的 探讨腹腔镜手术治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿合并不孕的临床效果。方法 对33例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿合并不孕施行腹腔镜下卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剥出术联合盆腔粘连松解术，同时行双侧输卵管通畅度检查，观察其术中术后情况并随访术后受孕率。结果 33例均在腹腔镜下顺利完成手术，无中转开腹，无任何手术并发症。手术时间45min～150min，平均70min，术中出血量10ml～60ml，平均30ml。术后随访3月～42月，复发率9.1%(3/33)，受孕率48.5%(16/33)，术后妊娠中位时间为6个月。结论 腹腔镜手术治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿合并不孕可达到传统开腹手术治疗的效果，并具有微创手术的优点。     

Pediatric ovarian malignancy presenting as ovarian torsion: incidence and relevance

Purpose

With ovarian torsion, concern for underlying malignancy in the enlarged ovary has previously driven surgeons to resection. Detorsion alone has been recommended to allow for resolution of edema of the ovary with follow-up ultrasound surveillance to evaluate for a persistent mass, yet is not routine practice. However, the incidence of malignancies presenting as ovarian torsion is not documented. Does the risk of an underlying malignancy justify salpingoophorectomy and decreased fertility?

Method

After institutional review board exemption (IRB#-022008-095), a 15½-year retrospective review was conducted to identify cases of operative ovarian torsion in our medical center. Tumors with neoplastic pathology (malignant and benign) were analyzed and compared with all reported cases in the literature.

Results

A total of 114 patients (mean ± SEM age, 10 years, 2 days to 19 years ± 0.53) with operatively proven ovarian torsion were identified. Four malignancies (3.5%) and 26 benign neoplasms (23%) were present in this age group. Malignancies consisted of serous borderline tumors (2), juvenile granulosa cell tumor (1), and dysgerminoma (1). All were stage I: the former were stage IA and cured with resection alone, and 1 was a stage IB dysgerminoma, which required chemotherapy. The literature yielded a total of 593 cases of operative ovarian torsion with 9 (1.5%) malignancies and 193 (33%) benign neoplasms. The malignancies were juvenile granulosa cell tumor (n = 4), dysgerminoma (n = 2), serous borderline tumors (n = 2), and 1 undifferentiated adenocarcinoma.

Conclusion

By combining our series with 13 in the literature, a 1.8% malignancy rate occurred in 707 patients with ovarian torsion, markedly less than the reported malignancy rate of 10% in children with ovarian masses. Thus, neither a pathologic nor malignant lead point should be assumed in cases of torsion. In our series, which represents the largest series of torsion in the pediatric literature, all malignancies presented as stage I. These data further support the implementation of operative detorsion and close postoperative ovarian surveillance, with reoperation for persistent masses. Further study is needed to determine if delaying resection by weeks in those cases of persistent masses would result in tumor progression and thus change prognosis.     

腹腔镜卵巢皮质撕开法剥除卵巢囊肿手术临床分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜卵巢皮质撕开法剥除卵巢囊肿手术的应用价值。方法:回顾分析125例B超示卵巢囊肿小于6 cm患者的手术时间、出血量及术后病率等。结果:腹腔镜卵巢皮质撕开法剥除小于6 cm的卵巢囊肿与开腹手术相比具有手术时间短,术中出血少,术后病率低等优点。结论:腹腔镜卵巢皮质撕开法剥除小于6 cm的卵巢囊肿,既能完整剥除肿瘤,又能保护卵巢组织,创伤小,康复快,安全适用。     

Predictors of ovarian malignancy in children: Overcoming clinical barriers of ovarian preservation

Background/Purpose

Ovarian preservation is desirable in girls with benign ovarian masses. We aimed to 1) identify clinical predictors of malignant ovarian masses, 2) investigate how often ovarian tissue is present to preserve in benign masses, and 3) identify factors associated with successful ovarian preservation.

Methods

Retrospective analysis (1997–2012) of girls age 1–18 years with an ovarian mass managed operatively. Data on presenting symptoms, imaging, biochemical markers, treatment, outcome, and pathology were extracted.

Results

We identified 150 patients. Large mass size, solid components, and elevated tumor markers (AFP, βHCG, and/or LDH) were significantly predictive of malignancy. All masses < 10 cm, predominantly cystic, and with negative tumor markers were benign. Masses with all three of these characteristics would decrease a 20% malignancy pretest probability to a posttest probability of 0.25%. Benign masses managed by oophorectomy contained normal ovarian tissue in 76% of the specimens. For benign masses, successful ovarian preservation was significantly associated with size < 10 cm, predominantly cystic, laparoscopy, and absence of torsion or calcifications.

Conclusion

Ovarian masses that are < 10 cm, primarily cystic, and have negative tumor markers are most likely benign. Viable ovarian tissue is frequently present in benign masses, so significant efforts should be made for ovarian preservation.     

腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剥除术中序贯式止血法对卵巢功能的影响

目的:探讨腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剥除术中采用序贯式止血法对患者卵巢功能的影响方法:选择80例因单侧或双侧良性卵巢囊肿行腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剥除术的患者,根据残留卵巢止血方式分为研究组(37例,采用序贯式止血,靠近卵巢门的髓质出血镜下缝合,远离卵巢门的皮质渗血电凝和覆盖止血纱布)和对照组(43例,传统双极电凝).术前及术后2个月、6个...     

卵巢悬吊对卵巢粘连及术后盆腔疼痛的影响

目的:探讨为子宫内膜异位症患者行腹腔镜手术时悬吊卵巢对卵巢粘连及术后盆腔疼痛的影响。方法:选取2014年2月至2014年11月超声诊断为子宫内膜异位症拟行腹腔镜手术的120例患者,随机分为A、B两组,每组60例。A组腹腔镜术中临时悬吊卵巢,B组使卵巢处于骨盆原有位置。采用视觉模拟评分法评价患者的疼痛水平(痛经、慢性盆腔痛、性交疼痛、大便困难及尿痛),经阴道超声评估患者术后卵巢粘连情况。记录患者并发症、病变部位及手术时间等指标。结果:经阴道超声结果显示,A组患者卵巢无粘连(31.7%vs.18.3%,P=0.04)的比例明显高于B组,而中(28.3%vs.48.3%,P=0.003)、重度(11.7%vs.21.7%,P=0.01)粘连的比例明显低于B组。A组患者卵巢与子宫或肠管间移动性明显高于B组。两组患者在并发症发生率及盆腔疼痛方面差异无统计学意义。结论:卵巢悬吊安全、可行、简单且快速,可降低严重子宫内膜异位症患者腹腔镜手术时卵巢粘连的发生率,但对术后盆腔疼痛的作用不显著。     

Multicenter pre-operative assessment of pediatric ovarian malignancy

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to develop a pre-operative risk assessment tool for childhood and adolescent ovarian malignancy, in order to guide operative management of pediatric ovarian masses.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of patients < 18 years old who underwent ovarian surgery at two quaternary care pediatric centers over 4 years (1/1/13–12/31/16). Probability of malignancy was estimated based on imaging characteristics (simple cyst, heterogeneous, or solid), maximal diameter, and tumor markers (α-fetoprotein, β-human chorionic gonadotropin).ResultsAmong 188 children with ovarian masses, 11% had malignancies. For simple cysts, there were no malignancies (0/24, 95% CI = 0–17%). Among solid lesions, 44% (15/34, 95% CI = 28–62%) were malignant. Among marker-elevated heterogeneous masses, 40% (2/5, 95% CI = 12–77%) were malignant. Conversely, small (≤ 10 cm) and large (> 10 cm) marker-negative heterogeneous lesions had malignancy proportions of 0% (0/39, 95% CI = 0–11%) and 5% (2/40, 95% CI = 1–18%), respectively.ConclusionsGiven the malignancy estimates identified from these multi-institutional data, we recommend an attempt at ovarian-sparing resection for simple cysts or tumor marker-negative heterogeneous lesions ≤ 10 cm. Oophorectomy is recommended for solid masses or heterogeneous lesions with elevated markers. Finally, large (> 10 cm) heterogeneous masses with non-elevated markers warrant a careful discussion of ovarian-sparing techniques. Complete surgical staging is mandatory regardless of operative procedure.Type of StudyStudy of Diagnostic Test.Level of EvidenceLevel I.     

妇科单孔腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剔除术对卵巢功能的影响

卵巢囊肿是妇科常见疾病,对育龄期女性卵巢功能有重大影响,随着腹腔镜技术的成熟与发展,腹腔镜囊肿剔除术已成为卵巢良性囊肿的首选治疗术式。单孔腹腔镜于脐部做小切口,具有更好的美容效果,正不断应用于年轻女性卵巢囊肿剔除术。但其较传统腹腔镜具有视野小、单孔操作困难等劣势,对卵巢功能是否会造成不利影响,尚不可知。故本研究针对该问题整合国内外相关研究作一综述。     

反复控制性卵巢刺激对卵巢储备功能及反应性的影响

目的评价利用辅助生殖技术治疗时,反复控制性卵巢刺激(COS)对卵巢储备功能及反应性的影响。方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年12月于西北妇女儿童医院生殖中心接受IVF/ICSI-ET治疗、行2~4个COS周期患者的病历资料,其中行2个周期治疗的患者1898例(共3796周期),行3个周期治疗的患者275例(共825周期),行4个周期治疗的患者68例(共272周期),比较多次COS后患者的基础激素水平、窦卵泡数(AFC)变化,以及不同治疗周期Gn总量、促排卵时间、获卵数、获卵率、正常受精率、可用胚胎数、可用胚胎率、优质胚胎数、优质胚胎率间的差异。结果随COS治疗周期数增加,患者年龄逐渐增加,但患者各周期促排卵前月经第2~4天基础激素水平(FSH、LH、E 2)和AFC差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(1)与首次COS相比,行2个治疗周期患者的第2周期Gn用量、获卵数、获卵率、正常受精率、可用胚胎数、可用胚胎率、优质胚胎数、优质胚胎率均显著增加(P<0.05),而促排卵时间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。(2)与首次COS相比,行3个治疗周期患者的第2、3周期正常受精率、可用胚胎数、可用胚胎率、优质胚胎数及优质胚胎率均显著升高(P<0.05),而Gn用量、促排卵时间、获卵数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);获卵率在第2个周期最低,与第1、3周期比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)与首次COS相比,行4个治疗周期患者的Gn用量、促排卵时间、获卵数、可用胚胎数、可用胚胎率、优质胚胎数及优质胚胎率均无显著性差异(P>0.05),第2、3、4周期的正常受精率均显著提高(P<0.05),而第3周期获卵率显著低于第1、2、4周期(P<0.05)。结论4次以内的COS治疗并未明显影响卵巢储备功能及反应性。     

降调节与卵巢反应性

一、垂体降调节垂体降调节是上世纪80年代体外受精可控制性卵巢刺激(COS)周期提出的治疗新概念,亦是对生殖内分泌有关下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴调节的新认识,基于临床使用促性腺激素(Gn)进行COS导致多卵泡发育,雌激素水平突升,促性腺激素峰平抑因子(gonadotrophine surge attenuates     

卵泡膜细胞瘤-纤维瘤组肿瘤超声造影特征

目的观察卵泡膜细胞瘤-纤维瘤组(OTFG)肿瘤的CEUS特征。方法回顾性分析11例经手术和病理证实的OTFG患者(OTFG组)和同期手术的15例附件区恶性实性肿瘤患者(恶性组)CEUS资料。结果 OTFG组中,卵泡膜细胞瘤6例、卵泡膜细胞纤维瘤2例、纤维瘤3例,肿瘤最大径(4.12±1.32)cm,术前CEUS诊断准确率为63.64%(7/11)。CEUS表现:OTFG组肿瘤多呈规则(10/11,90.91%)、有包膜(10/11,90.91%)、内部有造影剂灌注(10/11,90.91%)的实性肿块,OTFG组造影剂开始灌注时间及达峰时间均晚于恶性组[(3.55±0.93)s vs(1.31±1.55)s、(13.91±1.97)s vs(9.31±1.97)s,P均0.05]。OTFG组造影剂灌注强度以稀疏、弱灌注为主(9/11,81.82%),多呈周边向中央灌注(10/11,90.91%),而恶性组造影剂灌注增强快而强(13/15,86.67%),多呈中央向周边灌注(13/15,86.67%);二者差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。三维能量多普勒CEUS血管分型显示,OTFG组与恶性组比较肿瘤内部血管分支少、走形较平直(P0.05)。结论 OTFG肿瘤CEUS具有一定特征,符合良性肿瘤表现。