大别-苏鲁地体超高压变质岩中的副矿物——锆石

激光拉曼和锆石阴极发光图像研究结果表明,大别-苏鲁强退变质岩石(包括正片麻岩、副片麻岩、斜长角闪岩、含蓝晶石石英岩、大理岩、云母片岩等)的锆石中,均保存以柯石英为代表的超高压矿物包裹体,且记录了十分一致的超高压变质温压条件:T=732～866℃,p=2.8～4.0GPa,表明大别-苏鲁地体曾发生过巨量物质深俯冲-超高压变质的壮观的地质事件。     

湖北麻城市四道河地区面理化含榴花岗岩的成因

野外和室内研究结果表明,四道河地区面理化含榴花岗岩由古生代沉积岩变质而成。在元素地球化学特征上,具有与岩浆成因的碱性花岗岩一致的特点:高硅(SiO2=75.24%～77.23%)、富碱(Na2O+K2O=6.87%～8.84%)、低铝(Al2O3=11.00%～12.78%);富Rb、Ba、Th、U等大离子亲石元素和Pb,贫Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等高场强元素;稀土元素含量较高(∑REE=101.08～180.1μg/g),轻稀土元素相对富集(LREE/HREE=3.1～6.8),铕有中等负异常(δEu=0.30～0.68);锆石成因类型及定年结果表明,老核(继承锆石)是异地多时代(元古代-古生代),其寄主岩的原岩是沉积岩,时代不会早于古生代。     

大别-苏鲁超高压榴辉岩中石榴子石和绿辉石的微量元素研究

对9件大别-苏鲁超高压榴辉岩主要矿物石榴子石和绿辉石进行的激光熔样-等离子质谱(LA-ICP-MS)微量元素研究结果表明,所研究的榴辉岩可由石榴子石稀土元素特征分为两类(Group 1和Group 2)Group 1的石榴子石具有一般石榴子石的贫轻稀土、富重稀土的平滑型配分模式,Group 2的石榴子石则表现出独特的高正Eu异常和平坦型重稀土元素的配分模式.可以认为Group 2的原岩属于堆晶辉长岩,而Group 1更可能是正常的玄武岩.矿物颗粒和两种主矿物的主量元素和微量元素分析表明,所研究的榴辉岩达到了矿物规模上的微量元素分配平衡.     

大别—苏鲁超高压地体折返过程中岩石组合演化的地球化学约束

大别—苏鲁超高压地体现今的岩石组合是超高压变质岩石经历快速折返过程中各种地质作用叠加改造的最终产物, 其中拆沉、底侵、构造体制转换是改造的动力; 退变质作用、构造置换、深熔作用是改造的主要方式.超高压地体的主要岩石组合有榴辉岩、大理岩、硬玉石英岩、斜长角闪岩、片麻岩和面理化花岗岩.地质、常量、微量、同位素地球化学研究表明, 斜长角闪岩是榴辉岩退变的产物, 片麻岩、面理化花岗岩是榴辉岩退变的斜长角闪岩递进深熔的产物, 即退变榴辉岩折返到中下地壳, 初次熔融产生相当于片麻岩成分的半原地英云闪长质-花岗闪长质-花岗质岩浆, 片麻岩再次熔融产生成分相当于面理化花岗岩的A型花岗岩岩浆.      

深俯冲陆壳部分熔融初始熔体的厘定:来自苏鲁超高压地体混合岩中浅色体证据

深俯冲陆壳物质部分熔融产生的熔体,实验岩石学方面已有广泛报道,而天然初始熔体的组分却难以厘定。对此,本文从苏鲁超高压地体荣成混合岩中识别出了深俯冲花岗质陆壳部分熔融产生的天然初始熔体组成。野外露头显示,混合岩中主要矿物组成为钾长石+斜长石+石英的浅色熔体呈不连续的条带状与残余体互层产出,指示了原位或近源区的部分熔融特征。混合岩浅色体锆石CL图像呈明显的核-边结构,继承核部为扬子板块来源的岩浆锆石,形成时代为721±24Ma;新生边部CL图像具震荡环带结构,微量元素上REE呈明显左倾,具有Eu的负异常及Ce的正异常,低的Hf/Y和Th/U比值,具深熔锆石特征,指示形成于花岗质陆壳物质的部分熔融。边部U-Pb谐和年龄为225.9±2Ma,略晚于苏鲁超高压地体超高压峰期变质年龄,表明初始熔融发生在超高压地体折返早期。浅色熔体的全岩地球化学特征表明,主量元素上具有高SiO_2、K_2O及Na_2O含量,低的Fe_2O_3~T、MgO及CaO含量,A/CNK=1.02~1.04,呈弱过铝质亚碱性花岗岩的特征,这与实验岩石学中富硅陆壳物质部分熔融产生的熔体组分极为相近;微量元素上富集大离子亲石元素(如Rb、Ba、Pb等),亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素,REE呈较为平坦的配分模式,具弱的Eu负异常并亏损Sr。本文通过上述对天然样品研究,厘定了深俯冲花岗质陆壳部分熔融及其初始熔体的组成,为理解大陆俯冲带壳幔相互作用提供了关键依据。     

大别超高压变质地体四道河地区岩石学研究

对四道河地区超高压变质岩剖面的研究分析显示,该剖面有3种岩石类型:榴辉岩类、片麻岩和面理化含榴花岗岩。榴辉岩具不同程度的退变质现象,呈透镜体状产出于斜长角闪岩、片麻岩和面理化含榴花岗岩中,原生矿物组合为石榴石、绿辉石、柯石英和金红石。榴辉岩退变为斜长角闪岩近于等化学系列;片麻岩在主量成分上与榴辉岩及其退变产物(斜长角闪岩)存在突变关系,但微量元素与榴辉岩有一定的相似性;面理化含榴花岗岩主量元素和微量元素地球化学特点为:富SiO2 、K2 O Na2 O和高价阳离子Ga、Y以及REE ,K2 O/Na2 O值低,贫Al、Ca、Mg、Ti、P ,结合构造环境、同位素及年代学资料分析,其应属于后碰撞造山A型花岗岩。基于以上认识推断:大陆板片俯冲至上地幔经历了超高压变质作用,表壳岩变质形成榴辉岩;当超高压变质岩石折返至中下地壳时发生了强烈的减压退变质作用形成斜长角闪岩,随后,与片麻岩及面理化含榴花岗岩一道从中下地壳向地表进一步折返,并一同经历了后期的变质变形作用。     

苏鲁地体超高压矿物的三维空间分布

采用激光拉曼技术,配备电子探针和阴极发光测试,确认苏鲁地体大多数花岗质片麻岩,所有类型片麻岩、斜长角闪岩、蓝晶石英岩和大理岩的锆石中均隐藏以柯石英为代表的超高压包体矿物组合。其中花岗质片麻岩典型超高压包体矿物为柯石英±多硅白云母;副片麻岩为柯石英+石榴子石+绿辉石、柯石英±石榴子石+硬玉+多硅白云母+磷灰石、柯石英+多硅白云母±磷灰石;斜长角闪岩为柯石英+石榴子石+绿辉石±金红石;蓝晶石英岩为柯石英+蓝晶石+金红石+磷灰石、柯石英+蓝晶石+多硅白云母+金红石;大理岩为柯石英+透辉石、柯石英+橄榄石。表明苏鲁地体由榴辉岩及其围岩所组成的巨量陆壳物质曾普遍发生深俯冲,并经历了超高压变质作用。锆石的矿物包体分布特征及相应的阴极发光图像研究表明,在同一样品中,锆石的成因特征存在明显差异。有的锆石显示继承性(碎屑)锆石的核(core)、超高压变质的幔(mantle)和退变质的边(rim);有的锆石则具有超高压的核、幔和退变质的边;而有的锆石却记录了深俯冲的核、超高压的幔和退变质的边。标志着苏鲁超高压变质带各类岩石副矿物锆石均具有十分复杂的结晶生长演化历史。因此,在充分研究锆石中矿物包体性质、分布特征以及相应阴极发光图像的基础上,采用SHRIMP离子探针技术,在锆石晶体的不同     

大别—苏鲁超高压变质带内的块状榴辉岩及其构造意义

大别—苏鲁超高压(> 27× 108Pa) 变质带内的榴辉岩, 在大陆深俯冲、碰撞和折返剥露过程中, 大都遭受了强烈的变形和变质作用的重置与再造.但是, 大型榴辉岩体核部以及包裹于大理岩和石榴橄榄岩体内部的块状榴辉岩, 往往保留其初始简单的矿物组合、中-细粒状变晶结构和块状构造.详细地分析了块状榴辉岩的几何学、岩相学及变质作用特征, 指出它们是超高压榴辉岩递进及多期变质变形分解作用的残留体, 位于尺度不同的弱应变域内, 是大陆深俯冲及碰撞作用的真正记录.      

苏鲁-大别超高压岩石中锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年研究——综述和最新进展

如何建立苏鲁-大别超高压岩石深俯冲-超高压-快速折返过程连续而完整的P-T-t轨迹及精细的年代谱系,是目前地学界研究的热点。而变质锆石是否记录深俯冲石英榴辉岩相进变质阶段的年代学信息和超高压峰期变质时代的准确归属,是目前苏鲁-大别超高压变质带需要深入研究的核心问题。本文在对前人同位素年代学方面所取得的成果进行系统总结的基础上。采用锆石中矿物包体激光拉曼和电子探针测试、锆石阴极发光图像成因分析以及SHRIMP U-Pb定年等综合研究手段,确定苏鲁-大别地体榴辉岩及其强退变质围岩在深俯冲-构造折返过程中主要经历了四个阶段的变质演化:深俯冲石英榴辉岩相进变质(Ⅰ)、超高压峰期变质(Ⅱ)、构造折返初期石英榴辉岩相退变质(Ⅲ)和构造折返晚期角闪岩相退变质(Ⅳ)。研究发现,扬子板块(中)新元古代巨量的陆壳物质在早三叠纪(246～244Ma)俯冲到华北板块之下约65km的深处。发生了石英榴辉岩相进变质,相应的变质温压条件为T=542～693℃,P=1.7～2.02GPa。这些高压石英榴辉岩相岩石在中-新三叠纪继续向下俯冲,在235～225Ma期间,俯冲的深度至少达到了170km的地幔深处,并发生了峰期柯石英榴辉岩相超高压变质,相应的变质温压条件为T=722～866℃,P>5.5GPa。苏鲁-大别超高压地体自石英榴辉岩相进变质阶段到超高压峰期变质阶段的俯冲速率为7.0km/Myr。这些超高压岩石在219～216Ma期间,发生了第一次构造抬升至75km的深处,并经历了石英榴辉岩相退变质作用的改造,退变质温压条件为T=730～780℃,P=1.7～2.6GPa。这些退变质岩石在212～205Ma期间,又经历了第二次抬升至25km中-下地壳深处,并叠加了角闪岩相退变质作用,该阶段变质温压条件为T=610～710℃,P=0.7～1.2GPa。苏鲁-大别超高压地体两次构造抬升的速率大致相同,为5.6km/Myr。该项成果不仅确定了苏鲁-大别榴辉岩及其强退变质岩石深俯冲过程石英榴辉岩相进变质-超高压峰期变质、构造折返过程石英榴辉岩相-角闪岩相退变质连续而完整的变质演化P-T-t轨迹及精细的年代谱系,而且对于重新建立苏鲁-大别巨量陆壳物质快速超深俯冲-快速折返的动力学模式有着重要的科学意义。     

Structural Evidence for the in-situ Origin of the HP and UHP Eclogites in the Dabie-Sulu Orogenic Belt

Whether the HP and UHP metamorphic rocks of the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt are of an "in-situ" or "foreign" origin is a long-standing dispute among geologists. Eclogites preserved today in the HP and UHP units constitute merely 5-10%, which are not isolated exotic bodies tectonically intruding into amphibolite facies gneiss, but remnants of once pervasive or widespread eclogite-facies terranes or slabs. The present spatial distribution and forms of the eclogites have resulted from polyphase and progressive deformation and strain partitioning of the HP and UHP slabs. From their formation in deep mantle to their exhumation to the surface, the eclogites have experienced long-term deformation with different strain regimes. The dominant regime responsible for the present spatial distribution and forms of the eclogites is the shear process. The deformation patterns of the eclogites and gneiss matrix also clearly show that the eclogites were metamorphosed in situ. The original distribution area of the eclogites     

Helium Isotope Geochemistry of Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphic Eclogites From the Dabie-Sulu Terrane in East China

The 3He/4He ratios of most eclogites from the Dabie-Sulu terrane range from 0.056 to 0.67 Ra; the data points fall into the mixing part of the crust and the mantle in the 3He-4He diagram. The 3He/4He ratios of eclogites are obviously correlated with the types of their surrounding rocks. The helium isotope composition of the eclogites from the Bixiling complex possesses characters of mantle-derived rocks with the 3He/4He ratio being 5.6 Ra. The 4He concentration of the eclogites exhibits visible inverse correlation with the δ18O value of the quartz in the eclogites from the Sulu area. The δ18O values of the eclogites change synchronously with those of the country rocks. Those results suggest that protoliths of the eclogites were basic-ultrabasic rock bodies or veins intruding into the continental crust in the early stage; strong exchange and hybridization between the basic-ultrabasic rocks and continental rocks and the atmospheric water during the intrusion led to abrupt increase of the 3He/4He ratios,     

Resistivity Logs of the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Main Hole:Implication for the Crustal Electrical Structure of Dabie-Sulu Terrane,Central-Eastern China

To understand the electrical structure of the Sulu(苏鲁) terrane,we analyzed the resis-tivity logs of the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling main hole(CCSD-MH) and obtained the statis-tical characteristics of the resistivity log of ultrahigh-pressure(UHP) metamorphic rocks.To check the logs' quality,we compared the resistivity log data with the core test data.The two datasets show a good coherence.On the whole,the resistivity of the UHP metamorphic rocks from the CCSD-MH is very high(mostly higher than 1...     

Petrochemical constraints for dual origin of garnet peridotites from the Dabie-Sulu UHP terrane, eastern-central China

Garnet peridotites occur as lenses, blocks or layers within granulite–amphibolite facies gneiss in the Dabie-Sulu ultra-high-pressure (UHP) terrane and contain coesite-bearing eclogite. Two distinct types of garnet peridotite were identified based on mode of occurrence and petrochemical characteristics. Type A mantle-derived peridotites originated from either: (1) the mantle wedge above a subduction zone, (2) the footwall mantle of the subducted slab, or (3) were ancient mantle fragments emplaced at crustal depths prior to UHP metamorphism, whereas type B crustal peridotite and pyroxenite are a portion of mafic–ultramafic complexes that were intruded into the continental crust as magmas prior to subduction. Most type A peridotites were derived from a depleted mantle and exhibit petrochemical characteristics of mantle rocks; however, Sr and Nd isotope compositions of some peridotites have been modified by crustal contamination during subduction and/or exhumation. Type B peridotite and pyroxenite show cumulate structure, and some have experienced crustal metasomatism and contamination documented by high ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios (0.707–0.708), low ε_Nd( t ) values (−6 to −9) and low δ¹⁸O values of minerals (+2.92 to +4.52). Garnet peridotites of both types experienced multi-stage recrystallization; some of them record prograde histories. High- P–T  estimates (760–970 °C and 4.0–6.5±0.2 GPa) of peak metamorphism indicate that both mantle-derived and crustal ultramafic rocks were subducted to profound depths >100 km (the deepest may be ≥180–200 km) and experienced UHP metamorphism in a subduction zone with an extremely low geothermal gradient of <5 °C km⁻¹.     

Petrology of the Non-mafic UHP Metamorphic Rocks from a Drillhole in the Southern Sulu Orogenic Belt, Eastern-Central China

The Drillhole ZK703 with a depth of 558 m is located in the Donghai area of the southern Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt, eastern China, and penetrates typical UHP eclogites and various non-mafic rocks, including peridotite, gneiss, schist and quartzite. Their protoliths include ultramafic, mafic, intermediate, intermediate-acidic, acidic igneous rocks and sediments. These rocks are intimately interlayered, which are meters to millimeters thick with sharp and nontectonic contacts, suggesting in-situ metamorphism under UHP eclogite facies conditions. The following petrologic features indicate that the non-mafic rocks have experienced early-stage UHP metamorphism together with the eclogites: (1) phengite relics in gneisses and schists contain a high content of Si, up to 3.52 p.f.u. (per formula unit), while amphibolite-facies phengites have considerably low Si content (<3.26 p.f.u.); (2) jadeite relics are found in quartzite and jadeitite; (3) various types of symplectitic coronas and pseud     

Zoned Zircon from Eclogite Lenses in Marbles from the Dabie-Sulu UHP Terrane, China： A Clear Record of Ultra-deep Subduction and Fast Exhumation

Eclogite lenses in marbles from the Dabie-Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) terrane are deeply subducted meta-sedimentary rocks. Zircons in these rocks have been used to constrain the ages of prograde and UHP metamorphism during subduction, and later retrograde metamorphism during exhumation. Inherited (detrital) and metamorphic zircons were distinguished on the basis of transmitted light microscopy, cathodoluminescence (CL) imaging, trace element contents and mineral inclusions. The distribution of mineral inclusions combined with CL imaging of the metamorphic zircon make it possible to relate zircon zones (domains) to different metamorphic stages. Domain 1 consists of rounded, oblong and spindly cores with dark-luminescent images, and contains quartz eclogite facies mineral inclusion assemblages, indicating formation under high-pressure (HP) metamorphic conditions of T = 571-668℃and P = 1.7-2.02 GPa. Domain 2 always surrounds domain 1 or occurs as rounded and spindly cores with white-luminescent images. It contains coesite edogite facies mineral inclusion assemblages, indicating formation under UHP metamorphic conditions of T = 782-849℃and P > 5.5 GPa. Domain 3, with gray-luminescent images, always surrounds domain 2 and occurs as the outermost zircon rim. It is characterized by low-pressure mineral inclusion assemblages, which are related to regional amphibolite facies retrograde metamorphism of T = 600-710℃and P = 0.7-1.2 GPa. The three metamorphic zircon domains have distinct ages; sample H1 from the Dabie terrane yielded SHRIMP ages of 245±4 Ma for domain 1, 235±3 Ma for domain 2 and 215±6 Ma for domain 3, whereas sample H2 from the Sulu terrane yielded similar ages of 244±4 Ma, 233±4 Ma and 214±5 Ma for Domains 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The mean ages of these zones suggest that subduction to UHP depths took place over 10-11 Ma and exhumation of the rocks occurred over a period of 19-20 Ma. Thus, subduction from～55 km to > 160 km deep mantle depth took place at rates of approximately 9.5-10.5 km/Ma and exhumation from depths >160 km to the base of the crust at～30 km occurred at approximately 6.5 km/Ma. We propose a model for these rocks involving deep subduction of continental margin lithosphere followed by ultrafast exhumation driven by buoyancy forces after break-off of the UHP slab deep within the mantle.     

大别-苏鲁超高压和高压变质带构造演化

大别—苏鲁是世界上超高压 (UHP) ( >2 .7GPa)和高压 (HP)变质岩石出露最为广泛的地区。通过区域研究 ,尤其是在选择的 30多个关键位置上不同尺度构造记录的深入观察 ,结合已有的可利用的变质、热事件及同位素年代学资料分析 ,揭示出它们曾遭受过一个复杂的从深俯冲到折返构造演化历程 ,识别出 5个主要的构造变质事件 :( 1)由块状榴辉岩中发育的微弱面理和线理所代表的第 1期变形变质事件 (D1) ;( 2 )面状榴辉岩中发育的含拉伸线理的透入性主面理、中小型鞘状褶皱及网络状韧性剪切带 ,代表第 2期构造变质事件 (D2 ) ;( 3)第 3期变形事件主体发生于麻粒岩 /角闪岩相后成合晶形成之后 ,主要构造记录是区域性陡倾斜面理及不均一置换的成分层、榴辉岩透镜体及布丁群、面理内褶皱、网状韧性剪切带系统以及减压部分熔融作用形成的混合岩和含榴花岗质岩石组构 ;( 4)区域性的碰撞期后地壳韧性薄化及剪张作用 (D4)形成缓倾斜角闪岩相主面理及线理、穹状及弧形构造和多层韧性拆离带 ,它们主导了现今观察到的大别—苏鲁超高压和高压变质带的区域构造几何图像 ;( 5 )第 5期构造热事件 (D5)表现为不均一断块抬升、红色沉积盆地发育及大规模的岩体和岩脉就位 ,代表造山晚期的构造揭顶及坍陷作用 ,该期构造控制着造山带     

秦岭造山带中部两河口岩体花岗岩锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及地质意义

北秦岭两河口岩体位于太白地区,侵位于秦岭群杂岩中,主要岩性为眼球状花岗岩、片麻状花岗岩和二长花岗岩。 本文研究的眼球状花岗岩和片麻状花岗岩的结晶年龄分别为928±19 Ma 和940±12 Ma,岩石中还保留古元古代至中元古代的 继承锆石。眼球状花岗岩含有富铝矿物石榴子石和白云母。岩石的A/CNK 多大于1.1,具有高Si、富铝的特征,属于高钾钙 碱性系列。岩石轻、重稀土分馏明显,具有中等负Eu 异常。岩石富集大离子亲石元素（Rb, Ba, K 等）、亏损高场强元素 （Nb, Ta, Ti 等）,具有明显的Ba, P, Sr 负异常。矿物学和地球化学特征显示眼球状花岗岩和片麻状花岗岩为S 型花岗岩。两河 口岩体初始Sr 同位素组成变化大,87Sr/86Sr(t)=0.701067~0.739451,具有较低的εNd(t)=-5.7~-3.3, 两阶段Nd 模式年龄为TDM2= 1.9~2.1 Ga。样品具有高的放射成因Pb 同位素组成,指示两河口岩体是壳源成因岩石,其源岩可能为秦岭群斜长角闪岩和 片麻岩。结合区域地质背景,认为两河口岩体源于新元古代陆壳碰撞晚期的构造转换阶段古老中下地壳的熔融作用,是对 Rodinia 超大陆汇聚事件的响应。