粗四氯化钛的铝粉除钒工艺及机理研究

铝粉除钒法是一种重要的粗四氯化钛精制工艺.针对钒含量较高的粗四氧化钛,系统考察了铝粉用量对除钒效果及除钒时间的影响,并在此基础上探讨了铝粉除钒工艺的动力学.采用HSC热力学软件对相关反应的标准Gibbs自由能△Gθ和化学反应焓变△H进行了计算,分析了铝粉除钒工艺机理.     

铝粉除钒精制四氯化钛工业化试验存在的问题及改进方案

论述了粗四氯化钛铝粉除钒精制四氯化钛的原理及试验历程,对工业化生产试验中存在的问题提出了改进方案。     

强制循环法粗四氯化钛有机物除钒工艺研究

以有机脂肪酸作为粗四氯化钛除钒试剂,采用强制循环法工艺,通过提高四氯化钛过热器管程内四氯化钛的流速,实现四氯化钛液体对换热器内部的自清洁。结果表明:强制循环法粗四氯化钛有机物除钒工艺能够满足工业化连续生产的要求,可以得到完全满足标准要求的产品。     

一步法铝粉除钒制取四氯化钛的研发及应用

本文介绍了我国四氯化钛除钒技术情况,介绍了我国一步法铝粉除钒制取四氯化钛工艺在天津渤天化工有限公司的小试、中试及扩大工业性试验的情况,同时介绍了铝粉除钒的基本原理以及与传统铜丝除钒比较的优点,另外简介了国内其他企业对该技术的应用情况。     

粗TiCl4有机物除钒的研究

在粗TiCl4的几种主要除钒方法中,有机物除钒法是一种比较理想的除钒方法.介绍了粗TiCl4除钒的国内外现状,有机物除钒的基本原理,着重从热力学方面和动力学方面对有机物与VOCl3相互作用进行了分析.     

铝粉除杂精制四氯化钛新技术获重大突破

近日，攀枝花市运达钛业公司铝粉除杂精制四氯化钛新技术取得重大突破。 四氯化钛精制工艺主要采用铜丝除杂和铝粉除杂两项技术。铝粉除杂比铜丝除杂成本低、污水易处理，国际上主要采用铝粉除杂技术。中国有色金属研究院、贵阳铝镁设计院、天津渤天化工等单位曾开展铝粉除杂技术相关研究，但还未取得突破性进展，国内仍采用铜丝除钒技术。     

一步法铝粉除钒精制四氯化钛工艺通过科技鉴定

由北京有色金属研究总院和天津化工厂天泰化工公司共同完成的“一步法铝粉除钒精制四氯化钛工艺技术”通过了中国有色金属工业协会组织的科技成果鉴定。     

粗四氯化钛除钒工艺发展

介绍了海绵钛和钛白生产原料粗四氯化钛的精制工艺．论述了四种工业化除钒方法的发展过程及其原理和工艺条件,并阐述了各种方法的优、缺点。     

粗四氯化钛除钒工艺现状及进展

论述了海绵钛和钛白生产中四氯化钛精制除钒工艺生产现状和研究进展,从技术、经济和环保角度对几种主要的除钒方法进行了综合性的评价和探讨。     

粗TiCl4除钒工艺探讨

研究了粗TiCl4除钒的工艺过程，通过试验比较了各种有机物除钒的效果，结果表明矿物油除钒性能优异。1t粗TiCl4加矿物油2～4kg，反应温度135～138℃，反应时间60min，收率大于95％，质量达到企业产品标准要求。     

Studies on rejuvenation of spent residue hydroprocessing catalysts by leaching of foulant metals: influence of inorganic salt additives on the leaching efficiency of organic acids

A comparative study has been made on the efficiency of oxalic, malonic and acetic acids for selective removal of metal foulants (e.g. vanadium) from spent residue hydrotreating catalysts in the presence and absence of aluminium nitrate. The influence of concentration of the added salt (aluminium nitrate) on the leaching efficiency of the three acids was also studied. The treated catalysts were characterized and the improvements in surface area, pore volume and HDS activity as a result of leaching with each reagent compared. The studies revealed that addition of aluminium nitrate enhanced the leaching efficiency of each acid to a different degree. The rate of vanadium leaching by oxalic acid was increased substantially by aluminium nitrate addition whereas for acetic acid there was only a moderate enhancement in leaching rate. The enhanced leaching by the aluminium nitrate-organic acid system may be explained in terms of a synergistic mechanism involving oxidizing and complexing reactions. The improvement in surface area and pore volume achieved on rejuvenation were related to the extent of removal of vanadium from the catalyst. The HDS activity of the catalyst was also increased significantly by leaching of the deposited metals. The selectivity for vanadium leaching (V/Mo ratio) was found to be an important factor for HDS activity recovery.     

微波作用下二硫代氨基甲酸盐脱除重质原油中的镍钒

研究了微波强化作用下二硫代氨基甲酸盐NS系列化合物对新疆重质原油的脱镍钒效果.合成了具有—CSS—配位基团的NS系列化合物,该系列产物分子结构中—CSS—配位基团,可以与原油中的镍和钒发生配位反应形成水溶性化合物从而从原油中脱除.对于原油脱镍钒效果为NS3 >NS2 >NS4 >NS1,在微波强化作用下NS3脱镍钒剂对原油脱镍钒的实验表明,NS3加入量为200mg/L,微波时间为3min,微波功率为700W,反应温度为90℃和反应时间为20min的条件下,原油中镍和钒的脱除率分别为79.8%和82.4%,微波强化作用后原油的脱镍钒效率增加.     

新的催化剂制备技术金属壁与催化层一体化催化剂的制备及其应用

介绍了金属铝经阳极氧化后形成的氧化铝为载体，负载催化组分制成催化制的制备方法，并介绍了该催化剂在甲醇分解等方面的应用。     

Optimale bedingungen zur gewinnung von Raney-Nickel mit maximaler entschwefelungseigenschaft

Desulphurization properties of Raney Nickel obtained from 50% of nickel-aluminium alloy by treatment with various concentrations of sodium hydroxide at different temperatures were studied as a function of the specific surface absorbed hydrogen as well as of the residual aluminium. The Raney Nickel obtained by treatment of the starting alloy with 10 and 26% of sodium hydroxide at 50°C and 80°C possesses maximum desulphurization ability on low molecular organic compounds. The skeletal metal obtained consists of coarse particals with a minimum content of residual aluminium and a very high specific surface. The Raney Nickel obtained from removal of aluminium from the starting alloy by 2% of sodium hydroxide at 20°C is characterized by a considerable amount of residual aluminium, very low specific surface and high degree of dispersity. The Raney Nickel obtained under these conditions is most effective for desulphurization of high molecular compounds in aqueous medium.     

Effect of the carboxymethyl chitosan on removal of nickel and vanadium from crude oil in the presence of microwave irradiation

The effects of carboxymethyl chitosan (CT-50) on removal of nickel and vanadium from pipeline crude oil in the presence of microwaves were investigated. CT-50 was synthesized from chitosan (CTS-50, molecular weight 50 million). CTS-50 and CT-50 were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electronic microscopy. CT-50 was used to remove nickel and vanadium from pipeline crude oil. The effects of several factors, such as initial temperature, microwave time, microwave power and CT-50 dose on nickel and vanadium removal efficiencies from crude oil were evaluated. The results indicated that removal of nickel and vanadium from crude oil using CT-50 was far more efficient than that using CTS-50 under the same conditions. A reaction temperature of 60 °C, a microwave power of 300 W, a microwave time of 2 min, and a CT-50 dose of 500 mg/L, the nickel and vanadium removal efficiencies from crude oil reached up to 69.79% and 93.66% respectively. Microwaves were thought to enhance the molecular motion and the stable molecular structure of organic compounds of nickel and vanadium became loose in the high-energy state, and they were adsorbed in CT-50 and reacted with the amino (-NH₂) and carboxylic (-COO⁻) groups in the CT-50 molecule.     

粗四氯化钛有机物精制除钒尾渣提钒技术

从四氯化钛有机物精制除钒尾渣中提钒并制备V2O5产品,研究了精制除钒尾渣焙烧温度、浸出剂加入量、液固比、浸出温度、浸出时间对尾渣中钒转化和溶出率的影响。结果表明,焙烧温度大于600℃时,可高效脱除精制除钒尾渣中的碳和氯(?0.1%),且低价钒被氧化为高价,钒主要以V2O5形式存在。对焙烧后的尾渣以Na2CO3水溶液为浸出剂,液固比6 mL/g及80℃下浸出60 min,钒浸出率为85.5%,浸出液仅含少量Si, Al, Ti杂质,以NH4+:V=2.5:1(摩尔比)直接加铵盐沉钒,得到NH4VO3,经干燥、煅烧制得V2O5产品,可满足99级粉钒指标要求,全流程钒收率为75%。     

沉钒废水除硅制备冶金级氢氧化铬研究

研究了以石灰为脱硅剂,采用石灰+片碱（氢氧化钠）沉淀法脱除沉钒废水中的硅,以除硅液为原料制备冶金级氢氧化铬。结果表明,先用石灰调节pH为7.5~8.0,再用片碱调节pH为9.5以上,除硅温度为55~65 ℃,除硅时间为20~30 min,在此条件下除硅率达到67.9%。沉钒废水用石灰除硅后制备的氢氧化铬硅含量低,以二氧化硅质量分数计达到4.2%,可用于冶炼焊剂用、铝剂用金属铬的原料。     

Natrium-Aluminium-Silicate - Eigenschaften und Anwendungen

Sodium Aluminium Silicates - Properties and Application Sodium aluminium silicates in amorphous and crystalline form are used since many years in various technical processes. The crystalline sodium aluminium silicates, e. g. zeolites, belong to the group of structured silicates and are known for their reversible water uptake and alkaline earth exchange properties. Recently, sodium aluminium silicates have gained considerable importance since their cation exchanging ability can be utilized in washing agents for the removal of undesirable hardness of water. Thus, the polyphosphates used in washing agents can possibly be substituted. Zeolites can be supplied to the detergent industry in the form of powder or suspension. Production of the powder by spray drying does not involve special problems. Incorporation of the powder into the slurry of the detergent appears to be an anachronism from the viewpoint of energy saving. Optimization work on suspensions of zeolite yielded stable products with 45 to 48% zeolite content. The theory of critical particle concentration was applied in this work.     

Highly efficient and selective removal of vanadium from tungstate solutions by microbubble floating-extraction

Selective separation of dissolved tungsten and vanadium is of great significance for the utilization of the secondary resources of these elements. In this work, selective removal of vanadium from tungstate solutions via microbubble floating-extraction was systematically investigated. The results indicated that vanadium can be more easily mineralized over tungsten from tungstate solutions using methyl trioctyl ammonium chloride as mineralization reagent under weak alkaline conditions. Owing to the higher bubble and interface mass transfer rates, high-efficiency enrichment and deep separation of vanadium could be achieved easily. Additionally, the deep recovery of tungsten and vanadium from the floated organic phase could be easily realized using a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride as stripping agents. The separation mechanism mainly included the formation of hydrophobic complexes, their attachment on the surface of rising bubbles, and their mass transfer at the oil–water interface. Under the optimal conditions, the removal efficiency of vanadium reached 98.5% with tungsten loss below 8% after two-stage microbubble floating-extraction. Therefore, the microbubble floating-extraction could be an efficient approach for separating selectively vanadium from tungstate solutions, exhibiting outstanding advantages of high separation efficiency and low consumption of organic solvents.     

Adsorption of organic compounds at the aluminium oxide/aqueous solution interface during the aluminium anodizing process

The paper reports a systematic study concerning the role played by different organic compounds (glycolic acid, oxalic acid, glycerol) on the electrochemical oxidation process of aluminium in sulphuric acid solution. The result of the experiment as a whole provides a clear indication of the deep influence exerted by the three selected organic compounds on the aluminium oxide structure, leading to the formation of a more compact oxide layer. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results appear of particular interest; they are discussed in the light of a model proposed by Bojinov. The relevant parameters, half-jump distance a and cross-capture section S, are found consistently related to variations in the oxide structure (porosity). This gives a sounder basis to the physically correct nature of the assumptions underlying the Bojinov model, also suggesting that organic compounds are adsorbed at the aluminium oxide/aqueous solution interface.