Si3N4/Si3N4扩散连接的力学性能研究

采用热压法进行氮化硅陶瓷材料的扩散连接.结果表明:在1520℃,15MPa,60min条件下,氮化硅连接体的最高强度为448.6MPa,超过母材强度;平均连接强度为401.5MPa,为母材强度的96%.     

用Zr/Nb复合中间层连接SiC陶瓷与Ni基高温合金

采用Zr/Nb耐高温复合中间层，通过真空压力扩散焊接SiC陶瓷和Ni基高温合金（GH128），研究了连接温度、连接压力和高温保温时间对试样连接强度的影响，通过正交优选实验，确定出最佳工艺参数：1070℃，20min，11.5MPa，并根据此工艺制取了完整的陶瓷/金属连接件，其抗弯强度达到了陶瓷母材强度的52%，微观结构研究表明，在界面处发生了元素的互扩散，生成了反应扩散层，实现了良好的冶金结合，同时，由于SiC陶瓷中存在开孔，从而中间层金属通过塑性流动进入空隙，形成机械咬合。     

原位形成氧氮玻璃中间层连接Si3N4陶瓷

用Si3N4-Al2O3-Y2O3-SiO2混合粉制备用于连接氮化硅陶瓷的焊料,原位形成以氧氮玻璃为中间层的氮化硅陶瓷接头.研究了连接过程中温度、压力及气氛对陶瓷接头微观组织及性能的影响.结果表明:在0.1 MPa氩气条件下,接头内含有一定量气孔,氮化硅母材有少量分解;氮气气氛、0.1 MPa条件下可保证陶瓷母材稳定、接头致密,在氧氮玻璃中间层均匀分布有β-SiAlON陶瓷相;当氮气气压增大到0.5 MPa时,陶瓷接头无法实现有效连接.在较低温度下,当连接压力由0.6 MPa增大到1.5 MPa时,接头弯曲强度提高;升高温度,接头强度出现峰值,在1550℃时达到最高,连接压力对接头的影响减小;继续增大压力将使液相焊料流出,甚至母材自身发生变形.     

氧化锆基陶瓷的坯体连接及其界面研究

以含粘结剂的料浆为连接材料,在坯体状态下连接Ce-ZrO2陶瓷本身或者连接Ce—ZrO2陶瓷和25％(体积分数)CePo4-Ce-ZrO2复合陶瓷。坯体连接样品经1 450℃烧结,样品连接良好。微观结构分析表明:Ce—ZrO2陶瓷本身连接和烧结后连接区和本体材料的结构几乎无法区分,其平均抗弯强度接近母材的强度;25％CePO4-Ce-ZrO2与Ce-ZrO2连接时形成结构均匀的扩散连接区域,其微观结构与母体材料的结构相似,连接区的平均抗弯强度为319 MPa。     

用Y2O3-Al2O3-SiO2钎料进行Si3N4的连接

本文用二种Y2O3-Al2O3-SiO2(YAS)钎料进行Si3N4/Si3N4的连接研究.在20kPaN2,1450℃～1650℃保温15min的实验条件下,Si3N4/Si3N4的接头强度随连接温度的增加先增后降.微观分析表明:接头强度与YAS/Si3N4的界面扩散反应和接头残留玻璃相的厚度有关.     

RE-Si-Al-O-N(RE=Y或Lu)连接Si_3N_4陶瓷接头的微观组织与性能

通过添加稀土Y或Lu,设计Si3N4–Al2O3–RE2O3–Si O2(RE-Si-Al-O-N,RE=Y或Lu)混合粉末焊料,原位形成以RE-Si-Al氧氮玻璃为中间层的氮化硅陶瓷接头。研究了连接过程中陶瓷接头微观组织与性能随连接温度、保温时间、稀土类型的变化,并分析了接头高温氧化行为。结果表明,采用Y-Si-Al-O-N焊料时,保温时间延长有利于接头内组织均匀化、焊缝致密化及焊料与母材间的相互扩散,形成良好连接。接头强度随保温时间延长先升高后降低,保温30 min时,接头强度出现峰值(218 MPa)。接头经1 200℃氧化20 h后仍保持原始强度的82%。采用Lu-Si-Al-O-N玻璃连接氮化硅,随连接温度升高,焊缝致密化程度提高,?-sialon相增加,连接强度呈现升高趋势。     

Al2O3陶瓷与金属材料连接的研究进展

Al2O3陶瓷具有优良的高温强度、耐磨和抗腐蚀等性能而被广泛关注,而金属材料具有良好的塑性、导热和导电等性能。Al2O3陶瓷与金属材料的连接是获得这些良好性能的关键技术之一。综述了Al2O3陶瓷与金属材料连接的一般方法和连接技术,同时指出其发展趋势。     

α-Al_2O_3陶瓷与金属镍的真空扩散焊

为研究α-Al2O3陶瓷和金属镍之间的扩散焊接,以α-Al2O3陶瓷和高纯金属镍为母材,通过真空扩散焊的方法,考察焊接温度、压力及保温时间对焊接效果的影响。采用电子万能试验机测试工件的焊接强度,用扫描电镜(SEM)观察陶瓷与金属界面的显微结构,用能谱仪(EDS)研究焊接面的扩散情况。结果表明:用Mo-Mn法将陶瓷表面金属化,在θ=1 164℃、p=7.5 MPa、t=30 min的实验焊接条件下,具有较强的扩散能力,金属镍向α-Al2O3陶瓷一侧扩散渗透,实现了α-Al2O3陶瓷与金属镍的连接。     

纳米Al2O3改性树脂基复合材料及体育应用性能

针对传统树脂基复合材料力学性能差,抗冲击性低等问题,以纳米Al₂O₃、CFF和PA6为原料,采用传统叠层模压的方式,制备一种体育器材用的层压板,并对制备层压板的力学性能和最佳工艺进行了探讨。结果表明,在模压温度230℃,热压压力3MPa,保压时间15min的条件下,制备的层压板力学性能最佳,其弯曲强度、层间剪切强度和缺口冲击强度分别达到250.3MPa、87.1MPa和56.1MPa;在加入6%（wt）的纳米Al₂O₃后,层压板弯曲强度和垂直于纤维铺层方向的冲击强度分别在最佳力学性能基础上达到387.6MPa和80.3MPa。     

PbO-SiO2-Al2O3玻璃钎料钎焊65vol％SiCp/6063Al复合材料的工艺与性能研究

在大气环境下使用PbO-SiO2-Al2 O3玻璃钎料对65vol％SiCp/6063Al复合材料进行440～500℃之间的低温钎焊.通过对玻璃钎料润湿性能的研究确定了钎焊试验的温度和时间范围;通过剪切试验研究了钎焊工艺参数对接头强度的影响.试验结果表明,随温度的升高,玻璃钎料对母材的润湿性会提高,但温度超过480℃后,润湿角下降不明显.在大气环境下,通过使用玻璃钎料可实现65vol％SiCp/6063Al复合材料间较好的钎焊连接效果.钎焊工艺参数对接头强度影响很大,在钎焊温度为480℃,保温时间为30 min时,钎焊接头剪切强度最大,达到41.77 MPa.     

Air plasma-sprayed Y2O3 coatings for Al2O3/Al2O3 ceramic matrix composites

Al₂O₃/Al₂O₃ ceramic matrix composites (CMC) are candidate materials for hot-gas leading components of gas turbines. Since Al₂O₃/Al₂O₃ CMC are prone to hot-corrosion in combustion environments, the development of environmental barrier coatings (EBC) is mandatory. Owing to its favorable chemical stability and thermal properties, Y₂O₃ is considered a candidate EBC material for Al₂O₃/Al₂O₃ CMC. Up to 1 mm thick Y₂O₃ coatings were deposited by means of air plasma spraying (APS) on Al₂O₃/Al₂O₃ CMC with a reaction-bonded Al₂O₃ bond-coat (RBAO). APS Y₂O₃ coatings exhibit a good adherence in the as-deposited state as well as upon isothermal annealing up to 1400 °C. Moreover, furnace cyclic testing performed at 1200 °C revealed an excellent durability. This is explained by the formation of a continuous, approximately 1 μm thick reaction zone at the APS Y₂O₃/RBAO interface. The reaction zone between Y₂O₃ and Al₂O₃ comprises three layers of thermodynamically stable yttrium-aluminates exhibiting strong bonding, respectively.     

Al2O歧化法制备微细Al2O3/Al复合粉体

真空条件下,以Al2O3和Al为原料,通过Al2O歧化法制备微细Al2O3/Al复合粉体.XRD和SEM分析表明:在反应温度为1200～1400℃时,随着温度的升高,粉体中氧化铝含量升高;冷凝温度约为550～750℃时,复合粉体中的氧化铝包括稳定晶型和不稳定晶型;冷凝温度约为1100～1300℃时,复合粉体中的氧化铝全部为稳定晶型;冷凝温度约为550～650℃时,复合粉体的平均粒径小于0.5μm;冷凝温度约为750℃时,铝熔化、微粒团聚;冷凝温度约为1100～1200℃时,铝形成铝珠,氧化铝为不规则状、平均粒径小于2μm;冷凝温度约为1300℃时,氧化铝为片状.因此,通过选取合适的反应温度、冷凝温度,可以控制Al2O3/Al复合粉体中氧化铝的含量、晶型和粒径.     

Al2O3-based binders for corrosion resistance optimization of Al2O3–MgAl2O4 and Al2O3–MgO refractory castables

This work addresses the main aspects related to the use of alternative binders [hydratable (HA) or colloidal alumina (ColAlu)] in castables containing different spinel sources (pre-formed or in situ generated), in order to point out: (i) the features that control the corrosion behavior of these materials, and (ii) the key factors to better select a refractory composition. Thermodynamic calculations, corrosion cup-test and SEM analyses were carried out in order to evaluate the slag attack of the designed refractory compositions. According to the attained results, the alumina-based binders (HA or ColAlu) induced a more effective sintering process due to their high specific surface area, improving the physical properties and the binding level of the generated microstructure. The spinel grain size also played an important role in the corrosion behavior of these refractories, as the finer the particles, the greater their dissolution was into the molten liquid, leading to further precipitation of spinel in the solid–liquid interface as a continuous and thick layer. Among the evaluated compositions and considering the presence of silica fume, the most suitable formulation with optimized corrosion resistance was the one with in situ spinel generation and HA as a binder.     

Optical absorption and selective thermal emission in directionally solidified Al2O3-Er3Al5O12 and Al2O3-Er3Al5O12-ZrO2 eutectics

Al₂O₃-Er₃Al₅O₁₂ and Al₂O₃-Er₃Al₅O₁₂-ZrO₂ eutectic ceramic rods were directionally solidified using the laser floating zone technique at several growth rates. Binary eutectic microstructure consisted in a three-dimensional interpenetrated network of the eutectic phases whereas the ternary eutectic showed a geometrical microstructure at low growth rates and a nanofibrillar pattern at high rates. The microstructure size was strongly dependent on the growth rate, decreasing when the processing rate increased. The optical absorption was measured in the samples at room temperature and Judd–Ofelt analysis was used to model the optical absorption of the Er³⁺ ions. Thermal emission of the eutectic rods was studied at temperatures up to 1600 °C. An intense narrow emission band at 1.55 μm matching with the sensitive region of the GaSb photoconverter was obtained. The intensity of the selective emission band is larger for the binary eutectic than for the ternary compound and increases as the microstructural size decreases.     

Ruby micro-piezospectroscopy in GdAlO3/Al2O3(/ZrO2), Er3Al5O12/Al2O3(/ZrO2) and Y3Al5O12/Al2O3(/ZrO2) binary and ternary directionally solidified eutectics

The fluorescence from (naturally present) Cr³⁺ impurities was used to measure the residual stress in the alumina phase of six melt-grown ceramic eutectic composites associating gadolinum aluminum perovskite (GAP), erbium aluminum garnet (EAG) or yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) with α-alumina and cubic zirconia. Such measurements are reported for the first time in the GAP containing eutectics.In the usual hydrostatic assumption, we conclude to a residual compression in the range of ～70–400 MPa depending on the sample composition. The validity of the hydrostatic assumption is questioned when a microscope is used for the measurements.     

Separation of Phases by Spinodal Decomposition in the Systems Al2O3−Cr2O3 and Al2O3−Cr2O3−Fe2O3

Separation of phases was investigated in the hexagonal (rhombohedral) systems Al₂O₃−Cr₂O₃ and Al₂O₃−Cr₂O₃−Fe₂O₃. The binary system shows a miscibility gap with a T_c of 950°C; the miscibility gap for the ternary system was determined for a constant Cr₂O₃ content of 16.6 mol%. Dark field transmission electron microscopy of solid solutions annealed within the miscibility gap showed dark and light lamellas ∼50 to 200 Å thick. X-ray diffraction results for the solid solutions in the ternary system indicated that, in the early stages of annealing, broadening occurred only on (hkl) reflections where l≠0. There was no major change in the X-ray diffraction patterns of the annealed solid solutions in the binary system. Electron diffraction results indicated, however, that phase separation in both systems proceeded in the [001] direction. Solid solutions in the binary system separated very slowly; the separation could be enhanced hydrothermally. The mechanism of the separation of phases in both systems is spinodal and proceeds as follows: solid solution→intermediate modulated phase→equilibrium phases.     

Erosion mechanism of the postmortem Al2O3-Ti2O3-Al sliding gate containing novel Al2O3-Ti2O3 raw materials

Al₂O₃-Ti₂O₃-Al sliding gates were prepared from Al₂O₃-Ti₂O₃ raw materials, sintered corundum and aluminum, and used in trials at steel works. The sliding gate with 30 wt% Al₂O₃-Ti₂O₃ added was used on an 80 t ladle for 4 cycles without macrocracks. The postmortem sliding gate can be divided into the permeation layer (0–0.1 mm), transition I layer (0.1–10 mm), transition II layer (10–20 mm) and unchanged layer from the hole working face outward. XRD, SEM and industrial CT were used to analyze the postmortem sliding gate. The results show that, in the Al₂O₃-Ti₂O₃-Al sliding gate, both Al and Ti₂O₃ are involved in reactions, Ti₂O₃ transforms into Ti₂O and TiO in the transition I layer, and part of the Ti₂O₃ in the transition II layer transforms into Ti₈O₁₅. Titanium compounds with different densities are dispersed in the matrix and form microcracks to improve the thermal shock resistance of the sliding gate, which improved the performance.     

Al2O3-MgO·1.35Al2O3复合浆料的流变特性研究

测试了高纯板状刚玉粉(Al2O3)、富铝尖晶石粉(MgO@1.35Al2O3)及其复合粉料(Al2O3-MgO@1.35Al2O3)在水溶液中不同pH值下的ζ电位,三者的等电点分别为7.4、～3和5.3.研究了分散剂三聚磷酸钠对复合浆料的ζ电位和流动性的影响,结果表明外加1 wt%溶剂量的三聚磷酸钠可降低复合浆料的ζ电位约40 mV;制备Al2O3-MgO@1.35Al2O3复合浆料的理想pH值范围为9～11;复合浆料中MgO@1.35Al2O3对流变特性的影响比Al2O3的大.