~(35)S-硫代甲膦酸(O-烷基-S-2-二烷基氨基乙基)酯及其季铵盐的合成

为了探明硫代甲膦酸(O-烷基-S-2-二烷基氨基乙基)酯对乙酰胆碱酯酶的作用方式,我们合成了~(35)S-硫代甲膦酸(O-乙基-S-2-二异丙氨基乙基)酯(Ⅰ),~(35)S-硫代甲膦酸(O-1.2.2-三甲基丙基-S-2-二乙氨基乙基)酯(Ⅱ)及其碘甲烷季铵盐(Ⅲ)。     

3-(7-溴-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)丙酸乙酯及其相关物质含量的HPLC测定

3-(7-溴-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)丙酸乙酯是一种新药的中间体,由3-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)丙酸乙酯经溴化所得.     

16-亚甲基雌酮衍生物的合成和抗辐射损伤研究

本文报道合成了11个标题化合物,其中7个为新化合物.其结构用元素分析及波谱分析证明.对化合物的抗辐射损伤及雌活力进行了评定.药理试验初步结果提示,雌甾D环引入双键或带双键的官能团,一般雌活力降低.这些化合物中16-羟亚甲基雌酮(la和lb)对受照小鼠的抗辐射活性(分别减低133及95rad)比E_2及E_3的抗辐射活性高(降低75和55rad)而1c～f则无抗辐射活性.2a,2b,4和5具有中度抗辐射作用.文中还讨论了构效关系.     

用FREE WILSON方法分析四氢噻唑类抗辐射药物结构与效果的相互关系

在各种含硫和氮的抗辐射化合物中,四氢噻唑(Ⅰ)是一类具有不同程度抗辐射作用的化合物。不取代的,2-取代的和3-取代的四氢噻唑的效果已在文献中报导了。在2-取代衍生物中观察到的效果比3-取代的衍生物更好。     

2,3-二巯基琥珀酸及其衍生物对大鼠体内~(210)Po的促排和解毒作用

目的 :研究内消旋 - 2 ,3-二巯基琥珀酸 (meso- DMSA)单取代衍生物—单 -异戊基 -内消旋 - 2 ,3-二巯基琥珀酸盐 (Mi-ADMS)和单 - N - (异丁基 ) -内消旋 - 2 ,3-二巯基琥珀酸胺 (Mi-BDMA)对大鼠体内 2 1 0　 Po的促排作用 ,比较 DMSA两个立体异构体内消旋 -和外消旋 (rac) - DMSA的促排效果。方法 :选择特殊无病原雌性大鼠 (12 0～ 140 g)经股静脉注射 2 1 0　 Po硝酸盐 (0 .2 m L 0 .0 5 m ol/ L HNO3 中含 11k Bq2 1 0　 Po)。每组 5或 6只大鼠在注入 2 1 0　 Po后立即或 1h后皮下分别注入上述螯合物 0 .4m mol kg- 1 体重…     

一种可用于叔醇脱水的方法

在合成抗胆碱药物1-苯基-1-坏戊基-2-(3-托品基)-乙烯等一类化合物时,将相应的叔醇在冰乙酸-盐酸中脱水,产率均在90%左右,但当以2-吡咯基替代环戊基时,在相同条件下脱水,由于吡咯环遇酸不稳定,易发生聚合和氧化,使反应物变成黑色粘稠物,结果未能成功。后分别选用吡啶-氯化亚砜,碘-二甲苯作脱水剂,亦未得到预期的乙烯化合物。文献曾报道,用碘化甲基三苯基磷(MTPI)的六甲基磷酰胺(HMPA)溶液能使     

非粘附性液体栓塞材料CoHEMA的研制现状

甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate,HEMA)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯(methyl methacrylate,MMA)聚合物(CoHEMA)是一种新型的、非粘附性的液体栓塞材料,由以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,将甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate,HEMA)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯(methylmethacrylate,MMA)聚合而成,由于其特有的性质,作为一种非黏附性的液体栓塞材料,该共聚物黏度低,容易通过输送微导管,生物相容性好,栓塞效果稳定,可用于脑动静脉畸形(AVM)的栓塞治疗。     

5-单硝酸异山梨酯缓释片在健康中国人体内的药代动力学及相对生物利用度

 目的评价5-单硝酸异山梨酯的缓释效果及与普通片相比的生物等效性.方法采用反相高效液相法测定血浆中5-单硝酸异山梨酯的含量,用3 P 97软件处理数据.结果单次及多次口服5-单硝酸异山梨酯缓释片后的相对生物利用度分别为107%和102%;单次给药后缓释片和普通片的浓度值分别为(573.24±163.99)mg/ml和(892.06±329.13)mg/ml,时间值分别为(3.54±0.50(h和(1.57±0.32)h;多次给药达稳态后,缓释片和普通片峰谷波动系数分别为(1.55±0.16)和(1.83±0.12).结论5-单硝酸异山梨酯缓释片具有缓释效果,缓释片与普通片相比具有生物等效性.     

N-取代氨乙基硫代磷酸酯和硫代硫酸酯的合成

本文报道了S-2-(芳氧烷氨基)-乙基,S-2-(芳基烷氨基)-乙基硫代磷酸酯和硫代硫酸酯的合成.所台成的6个化合物在小鼠上进行了辐射防护作用的研究.初筛结果表明,部分化合物有不同程度的防护作用,其中S-2-(4-(3-甲基-5-甲氧基苯基)-丁氨基)-乙基硫代硫酸酯(8a)效果最好.     

2-(1-羟基)乙基二氢卟吩f及其醚衍生物对小鼠肉瘤180移植瘤的光化学治疗作用

目的　探讨 2 (1 羟基 )乙基二氢卟吩f(3a)及其醚衍生物 (4b、4c、4d)对小鼠肉瘤 180移植瘤的光化学治疗作用。方法　雄性小鼠前胸皮下接种肉瘤 180 ,待肿瘤生长至直径为 6～ 8mm时 ,按体重和瘤径随机分成 6组 ,每组 8～ 10只。实验小鼠尾静脉注射给药 (3a、4b、4c和HpD组剂量均为 5mg kg,4d组为 2 5mg kg) 15min后用溴化亚铜蒸气 染料激光 (6 30nm)垂直照射瘤区 2 0min ,功率密度 15 0mW cm2 ,光斑直径 1 5cm ,能量密度 180J cm2 ,光照后肿瘤完全消失 ,并在 30天内不复发作为治愈。结果　 3a、4b、4c、4d及HpD组的治愈小鼠数与实验小鼠数的比率分别为 0 10 ,6 8,8 9,10 10 ,2 10。 4b、4c、4d对小鼠肉瘤 180移植瘤的光化学治疗效果均优于参比药物血卟啉衍生物 (HpD) ,其中 ,又以 4d的疗效最强 ;而 3a无效。结论　 2 (1 羟基 )乙基二氢卟吩f醚衍生物对小鼠肉瘤 180移植瘤的光化学治疗效果 ,随醚链增长而增强 ,这对我们今后进一步的构效关系研究具有重要的意义。     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Die rechtsmedizinische Identifizierung — Bedeutung und Beweiswert —

Zusammenfassung Bei der rechtsmedizinischen Identifizierung kann die Identität im strengen Sinn allenfalls bei lebenden Personen festgestellt werden; sonst läßt sich nur von Teilen auf das Ganze (vom Untersuchungsobjekt auf die Person) schließen, wobei die verschiedenen Merkmale des Untersuchungsobjektes entsprechend der Hdufigkeit ihres Vorkommens eine unterschiedliche Beweiskraft haben. Bei der Schädelidentifizierung mit Hilfe moderner photographischer oder elektronischer Superprojektionsverfahren ergeben sich unter Berücksichtigung der Weichteildicken so viele (fiktive) Vergleichspunkte, daß bei geeignetem Vergleichsmaterial (Photographien) Identität wegen der Vielzahl übereinstimmender Bezugspunkte in den meisten Fällen evident ist.     

Imaging of abdominal nodal spread in malignant disease

This is a review of the role of imaging procedures for the assessment of abdominal and pelvic lymph nodes. The diagnosis of malignant lymphatic spread is rarely the sole purpose of imaging, because it is usually part of a general abdominal examination, most frequently with CT or US, or increasingly with MRI. These studies are often requested in order to obtain information about the situation to be encountered during surgery, or to alert the surgeon to irresectability or to unexpected metastases outside the initially planned area of exploration. In most surgically treated tumours the role of imaging for preoperative staging is limited, due either to its insufficient sensitivity or because the initial treatment is independent of the lymph node stage. Imaging is commonly used to verify treatment response to chemo- or radiotherapy and for follow-up.Correspondence to: S. Delorme