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1.
目的 系统评价仙灵骨葆胶囊(XLGB)治疗股骨头坏死(ONFH)的临床疗效与安全性。方法 检索建库至2022年6月1日PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、中国学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库(Wanfang Data)、中国生物医学文献数据库(SinoMed)、维普生物医学数据库(VIP)中有关XLGB治疗ONFH的随机对照试验(RCT)。两位研究者分别进行数据提取和偏倚风险评估。采用ReviewManager 5.4软件进行Meta分析,使用GRADE pro 3.6.1软件对汇总的证据进行分级。结果 共纳入13项RCTs,包括1126名患者。Meta分析显示,与常规西医治疗相比,联合XLGB治疗明显改善患者的Harris评分[MD=10.88,95%CI(6.66,15.10)]、髋关节功能优良率[RR=1.23,95%CI(1.15,1.30)]、视觉模拟评分[MD=-2.01,95%CI(-2.09,-1.93)],提高患者Wards三角[MD=0.04,95%CI(0.03,0.04)]、股骨粗隆[MD=0.04,95%CI(0.03,0.04)]和股骨颈骨密度[MD=0.06,95%CI(0.05,0.08)],改善部分凝血活酶时间[MD=8.47,95%CI(7.02,9.92)]和纤维蛋白原[MD=-0.42,95%CI(-0.50,-0.35)],两组比较均有差异(P<0.00001)。XLGB治疗不会提高不良反应的发生率;GRADE对现有证据质量评级为低或极低质量。结论 在临床中应用XLGB治疗ONFH患者疗效明确,安全可靠,但鉴于纳入文献研究质量不高,仍需更多高质量的临床试验验证本结论。  相似文献   

2.
目的 系统评价芪苈强心胶囊联合沙库巴曲缬沙坦治疗慢性心力衰竭(chronic heart failure,CHF)的疗效及安全性。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、The Cochrane Library、中国学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、维普中文期刊全文数据库(VIP)、万方数据库,收集芪苈强心胶囊联合沙库巴曲缬沙坦治疗CHF的临床随机对照试验(RCT)。检索时限从建库至2021年8月31日,评价纳入文献的偏倚风险后,采用Revman 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入17篇RCTs,包括患者1 511例。Meta分析结果显示:芪苈强心胶囊联合沙库巴曲缬沙坦比单纯使用沙库巴曲缬沙坦或芪苈强心胶囊,可以明显提高总有效率[OR=3.49,95% CI(2.48,4.92),P<0.000 01],增加6 min步行距离(6MWD)[MD=78.92,95% CI (34.24,123.60),P<0.000 01],增加左室射血分数(LVEF)[MD=5.57,95% CI(4.98%,6.17%),P<0.000 01],减小左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)[MD=-4.12,95% CI(-5.49,-2.74),P<0.000 01],减小左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)[MD=-3.26,95% CI(-4.46,-2.07),P<0.000 01],降低N末端脑利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)[MD=-534.61,95% CI(-708.82,-360.39),P<0.000 01],降低生活质量评价MLHFQ评分[MD=-13.02,95% CI(-13.99,-12.05),P<0.000 01],不良事件发生率无显著性差异[MD=0.91,95% CI(0.41,1.99),P=0.8]。结论 芪苈强心胶囊联合沙库巴曲缬沙坦在治疗CHF的疗效优于单用沙库巴曲缬沙坦或芪苈强心胶囊,对于改善CHF患者心功能和提高生活质量是安全有效的,上述结论尚需更高质量的随机双盲对照研究予以验证。  相似文献   

3.
目的 系统评价疏风解毒胶囊治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)的临床有效性、安全性。方法 检索中文学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、万方数据库(WanFang Data)、维普中文期刊全文数据库(VIP)、PubMed、Cochrane Library等数据库已发表的疏风解毒胶囊治疗AECOPD的临床随机对照试验(RCT),时限从建库至2021年1月,使用Cochrane手册对纳入文献进行质量评价,使用Review Manager 5.3进行Meta分析。结果 最终纳入16篇RCTs,包括1 753例患者。Meta分析结果显示:疏风解毒胶囊联合西医常规治疗(试验组)有效率优于单纯西医常规治疗(对照组),组间比较差异具有统计学意义[RR=1.20,95% CI=(1.15,1.26),P<0.000 01];试验组患者血气分析,二氧化碳分压[MD=-3.65,95% CI=(-10.79,3.50),P=0.32]、氧分压[MD=6.80,95% CI=(5.40,8.20),P<0.000 01]改善优于对照组;试验组患者肺功能指标,第1秒用力呼气容积[MD=1.35,95% CI=(0.68,2.03),P<0.000 1]、第1秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量百分比[MD=0.83,95% CI=(0.66,1.00),P<0.000 01]改善优于对照组;试验组炎症指标,C反应蛋白[MD=-4.81,95% CI=(-7.41,-2.20),P<0.000 01]改善优于对照组,降钙素原[MD=-0.51,95% CI=(-0.79,-0.23),P=0.000 4]改善优于对照组。不良反应少且无严重不良反应发生。结论 西医常规治疗联用疏风解毒胶囊治疗AECOPD,可以提高临床疗效,改善患者血气、肺功能、炎症指标,安全性好,但部分结局指标有异质性,可能存在发表偏倚,因此未来仍需更大样本、高质量、多中心RCT研究以进一步评价其疗效及安全性。  相似文献   

4.
孙希力  张洁 《现代药物与临床》2021,36(12):2681-2686
目的 系统评价小儿豉翘清热颗粒联合阿奇霉素治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的临床疗效及安全性。方法 计算机检索中文学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普中文期刊全文数据库(VIP)、万方数据库(Wanfang Data)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、Cochrane Library、PubMed和Web of Science等中英文数据库,收集小儿豉翘清热颗粒联合阿奇霉素治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的临床随机对照试验(RCT),时限为建库起至2021年6月15日,使用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入9篇RCTs、包括1 072例患儿。Meta分析结果显示:小儿豉翘清热颗粒联合阿奇霉素组较对照组能提高总有效率[RR=1.16,95% CI(1.05,1.27),P=0.003]、缩短咳嗽消失时间[MD=-2.54,95% CI(-3.44,-1.46),P<0.000 01]、缩短肺部啰音消失时间[MD=-2.55,95% CI(-4.39,-0.70),P=0.007]、退热时间[MD=-2.08,95% CI(-2.84,-1.31),P<0.000 01]、降低白细胞介素-6水平[MD=-7.88,95% CI(-12.33,-3.43),P=0.000 5]、降低不良反应率[RR= 0.44,95% CI(0.28,0.68),P=0.000 2],且差异均有统计学意义。结论 小儿豉翘清热颗粒联合阿奇霉素治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的疗效优于单用阿奇霉素,且更安全。  相似文献   

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目的:系统评价注射用尖吻蝮蛇血凝酶在手术创面止血中的有效性及安全性。方法:计算机检索PubMed、the Cochrane Library、Embase、中国知网、万方数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库,检索时间为建库至2023年3月,收集注射用尖吻蝮蛇血凝酶用于手术创面止血的随机对照试验(RCT,研究组干预措施为注射用尖吻蝮蛇血凝酶,对照组为安慰剂或空白对照),中文数据库中限定期刊为中国科技论文核心期刊,英文数据库中不限制期刊。由2名研究者对文献进行筛选、提取及偏倚风险评估,使用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入19项RCT研究,包括1 384例患者,其中研究组患者716例,对照组患者668例。Meta分析结果显示,有效性方面,研究组方案降低术中出血量(MD=-65.71,95%CI=-81.99~-49.43,P<0.000 01)、缩短止血时间(MD=-27.25,95%CI=-36.73~-17.77,P<0.000 01)的效果优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义;在安全性方面,与对照组比较,研究组患者24 h后纤维蛋白原水平有一定的降低趋势,24 h后...  相似文献   

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目的 系统评价癃闭舒胶囊联合化学药治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的临床疗效和安全性。方法 检索中国学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库(Wanfang Data)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、维普中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)、Cochrane Library、Embase、PubMed,检索时限为建库至2023年4月30日癃闭舒胶囊联合化学药治疗BPH临床随机对照试验(RCT),筛选文献后,应用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入17项RCTs,涉及患者1 997例,其中治疗组1 015例、对照组982例。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组比较,治疗组可提高总有效率[RR=1.22,95% CI(1.16,1.29),P<0.000 01],降低国际前列腺症状评分[MD=-4.27,95% CI(-4.58,-3.95),P<0.000 01],减少膀胱残余尿量[MD=-8.02,95% CI(-9.58,-6.06),P<0.000 01],缩小前列腺体积[MD=-2.52,95% CI(-4.79,-0.25),P=0.03],提高最大尿流率[MD=3.15,95% CI (2.24,4.07),P<0.000 01],降低生活质量评分[MD= - 0.80,95% CI(-1.35,-0.25),P=0.004],降低中医症状评分[MD=-2.58,95% CI(-4.88,-0.29),P<0.03],减少不良反应发生率[MD=0.66,95% CI(0.51,0.86),P=0.002]。结论 癃闭舒胶囊联合化学药治疗BPH疗效优异、安全性高,应用前景广泛,但仍需高质量、大样本、多中心RCT验证。  相似文献   

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目的 系统评价免疫球蛋白辅助治疗扩张型心肌病(DCM)的疗效与安全性。方法 检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、维普生物医学数据库(VIP)、万方数据库(Wanfang Deta)、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Librery等数据库,收集从建库至2022年1月发表的免疫球蛋白治疗DCM的临床随机对照试验(RCTs)。由2名研究员独立筛选文献、提取数据及质量评价后,采用RevMan 5.3和R 4.1.0软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入21篇RCTs,1 691例患者,其中试验组(常规治疗联合免疫球蛋白)患者851例、对照组(常规治疗)患者840例。Meta分析结果显示:与对照组比较,试验组患者的临床疗效更好[RR=1.35,95% CI(1.25,1.45),P<0.000 01],左心室射血分数显著增加[MD=7.35,95% CI(6.13,8.57),P<0.000 01];显著降低左心室舒张末期内径[MD=-6.23,95% CI(-7.41,-5.05),P<0.000 01]、免疫球蛋白G水平[MD=- 1.37,95% CI(- 1.96,- 0.78),P<0.000 01]及脑钠肽水平[MD=- 474.79,95% CI(-609.29,-340.28),P<0.000 01]。结论 免疫球蛋白辅助治疗进一步改善DCM患者的临床疗效、左心室射血分数、左心室舒张末期内径、免疫球蛋白G及脑钠肽水平。但是纳入文献数目和样本量较少,该结论还需更多高质量、多中心的RCTs来验证。  相似文献   

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目的评价尖吻蝮蛇血凝酶(HCA)用于鼻内镜手术患者的止血效果。方法将择期行鼻内镜下手术患者60例随机分为观察组(R组)和对照组(F组),每组各30例。R组于术前15min给予尖吻蝮蛇血凝酶2U,F组未用任何止血药物。记录两组术中出血量,评价HCA的止血效果。结果 R组总有效28例,占93.3%;F组总有效21例,占70.0%。R组止血效果优于F组(P〈0.05)。结论尖吻蝮蛇血凝酶在鼻内镜下手术应用中有较好的止血效果。  相似文献   

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谢丹  严洁  魏菊红 《现代药物与临床》2018,41(11):2095-2101
目的 系统评价小儿豉翘清热颗粒治疗疱疹性咽峡炎的疗效和安全性,为筛选有效的口服药品提供依据。方法 检索中国学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、万方医学期刊全文数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、Pubmed、EmBase、Cochrane library等(数据库均为建库至2018年1月)关于小儿豉翘清热颗粒治疗疱疹性咽峡炎随机对照试验(RCT),筛选对照组为利巴韦林的文献,采用Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具评价纳入研究的质量,使用统计软件Revman 5.3进行Meta-分析。结果 共纳入11项RCT,共计1 384例。Meta-分析结果显示:小儿豉翘清热颗粒的总有效率明显高于利巴韦林对照组[OR=3.92,95% CI(2.72,5.67),P<0.000 01],并在体温恢复正常[MD=-1.21,95% CI(-1.27,-1.15),P<0.000 01)]、疱疹愈合[MD=-2.73,95% CI(-2.91,-2.55),P<0.000 01]、流涎停止[MD=-1.05,95% CI(-1.13,-0.98),P<0.000 01]、血常规恢复正常[MD=-2.23,95% CI(-2.47,-2.00),P<0.00001]等方面,均优于利巴韦林对照组,且差异均有统计学意义;不良反应发生率无统计学意义[OR=0.85,95% CI(0.39,1.87),P=0.69]。结论 小儿豉翘清热颗粒治疗疱疹性咽峡炎在改善症状方面优于利巴韦林,但由于纳入文献质量普遍偏低,尚需更多严谨的临床RCT论证此结论。  相似文献   

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目的 系统评价升降散联合西医常规治疗脓毒症的有效性和安全性。方法 计算机检索中国学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台(Wanfang Data)、维普中文期刊全文数据库(VIP)、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、Web of Science数据库中升降散治疗脓毒症的随机对照试验(RCT),借助RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入13项RCTs,共720例患者。Meta分析结果表明,试验组(加用升降散)与对照组(西医常规治疗)比较,可提高中医证候疗效[OR=7.04,95% CI(2.85,17.35),P<0.000 01],降低中医证候积分[MD=-1.50,95% CI(-1.97,-1.04),P<0.000 01]、急性生理与慢性健康评分[MD=-2.56,95% CI(-3.64,-1.49),P<0.000 01]、白细胞计数[MD=-1.57,95% CI(-2.14,-1.00),P<0.000 01]、C反应蛋白水平[MD=-10.01,95% CI(-15.51,-4.52),P=0.000 4],肿瘤坏死因子-α水平[MD=-7.41,95% CI(-13.22,-1.61),P=0.01]、白细胞介素-6水平[MD=-7.71,95% CI(-13.92,-1.50) ,P=0.01],表明升降散在改善症状和降低炎症方面有显著优势;在安全性方面,两组比较无统计学差异。结论 升降散治疗脓毒症的疗效显著,可降低炎症反应,且安全性较高,适用于临床联合用药。  相似文献   

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The precocity and efficacy of the vaccines developed so far against COVID-19 has been the most significant and saving advance against the pandemic. The development of vaccines has not prevented, during the whole period of the pandemic, the constant search for therapeutic medicines, both among existing drugs with different indications and in the development of new drugs. The Scientific Committee of the COVID-19 of the Illustrious College of Physicians of Madrid wanted to offer an early, simplified and critical approach to these new drugs, to new developments in immunotherapy and to what has been learned from the immune response modulators already known and which have proven effective against the virus, in order to help understand the current situation.  相似文献   

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We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.  相似文献   

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Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.
Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.
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This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.  相似文献   

20.
Lung disease and PKCs   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.  相似文献   

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