解析智能变电站视频及环境监控系统

随着电网日益发展,智能电网越来越引起了国内高度的重视,变电站作为智能电网的一部分,有关它的视频以及环境监控系统也成为了研究的重点。由于目前的变电站管控过程中,依旧需要相当数量的工人巡视,从而持续满足变电站逐渐提升的要求。本文对于当前变电站视频以及环境监控体系的问题,具体的论述了智能变电站视频和环境监控体系应当具有的功能。之后阐述了如何构建视频和监控信息系统,探究了信息交互通道的方式,提出了联动管控视频与环境监控辅助设备的方式。期望可以为智能变电站的发展做出一些贡献。     

智能变电站视频及环境监控系统研究

智能电网目前处于起步阶段,它的发展越来越受国内外学者的关注。目前,在国内各大电网变电站的运行巡视中,仍有大量的人工巡逻、或者有替代性的巡视设备辅助作业。无人监守的变电站在安全防范方面还有很大的漏洞,没有办法满足变电站日益发展的需求,本文主要针对于在目前变电站视频及环境监控的局限性,介绍了智能变电站视频及环境监控系统的功能与实现方式。     

变电站遥视系统中环境信息一体化集成方法

变电站视频监控系统通常不包括对环境信息的监控,为站内环境信息一体化监控带来不便。本文提出通过站端处理单元集成环境监控信息模块的方法,将环境量信息通过站端处理单元集成到变电站视频监控系统中。该方法在广东电网得到了广泛应用,实现了对环境量的监控,取得了良好的使用效果。     

高清视频智能监控平台在变电站的应用

随着国家电网公司数字化变电站的发展趋势,以及三集五大的提出,对变电站视频监控智能化提出了更高的要求,在500 kV及以上变电站主网框架上构建以电力信息专网为依托、基于SIP协议的高清视频智能监控平台,实现分层次、分区域的三级管理模式,达到高清图像资源共享。按照国家电网公司制订的视频监控系统接口标准,解决了目前变电站视频监控协议不开放、接口不规范、互通性差等问题,实现与应急指挥中心、电网调度系统、办公自动化等多系统的有机融合、无缝对接,在变电站内线路出线部分安装在线监测系统与高清视频图像联动,通过平台软件实现智能分析,达到预警的能力。     

变电站综合视频监控系统初探

随着电力系统改造和自动化建设不断发展完善,视频监控系统在变电站自动化系统中占有了越来越重要的地位,本文详细介绍了原有变电站视频监控系统的不足,着重对现有变电站视频监控及环境监控应用进行了需求分析,并就变电站综合视频监控系统探讨了相应的解决方案。     

新型数字智能变电站监控及巡视系统应用研究

为服务构建新型电力系统，助力实现“双碳”目标，保障电网安全可靠运行，适应电网运维管理变革，针对传统变电站的辅助设备监控及巡视系统能力不足、集控站和调度端无法采集辅助设备信息等问题，提出新型数字智能变电站的监控及巡视系统方案。将设备监测、安全防卫、火灾消防、动环监测、智能巡视及锁控等功能集成应用，采用数字化远传、智能感知、图像智能分析技术通过将监测及巡视前端设备全方位覆盖整个变电站，再远传信息上送集控端，实现变电站全面监测、感知及巡检要求。该系统整合了传统变电站辅控系统分散杂乱的信息数据和前端设备配置方案，并新增加了二次设备在线监测及智能巡视等功能配置，为新型数字智能变电站监控及巡视系统应用提供了技术积累，也为新型数字智能变电站的建设积累了工程实践经验，并提供了一定的借鉴价值。在工程应用期间，新型数字监控及巡视系统应用效果较好，具备推广应用价值。     

变电站智能视频监控系统的设计

现代视频监控技术在变电站的应用已经越来越广泛了,针对这一趋势,本文主要介绍了变电站智能化视频监控系统的组成和各个组成部分的功能,还分析了变电站的智能视频监控系统的实现机理,分析的结果为成功设计出变电站智能化视频监控系统提供了理论和技术方面的支持。     

基于WIFI的变电站远程无线视频监控系统设计

针对变电站远程视频监控系统中无人值班的情况,文章提出一种基于WIFI的变电站远程无线视频监控系统方案,并且对该系统架构及其特点进行了具体的分析,其中系统架构是重点阐述部分,包括监控前端、监控中心、网路环境(局域网/Internet)三个部分。在此基础上,文章详细介绍了单兵手持终端和智能感知平台,由此为更高效地实现变电站远程监控综合功能提供了保障。     

智能视频监控系统的关键技术

目前,视频监控系统已经广泛应用于道路、车站、银行、小区等公共场所．但是获取到的视频数据大部分只是作为事发后的证据记录．不具备监控系统进行现场实时视频分析的功能。因此,如何自动有效地对监测场景进行实时监控,对现有的视频监控系统提出了新的要求。智能视频监控是通过摄像头获取的视频对监控场景中的人和交通工具进行实时监测．并对它们的行为和发生的事件作出反应。从技术角度而言,智能视频监控问题的研究内容相当丰富．包括运动物体目标的检测、跟踪、     

变电站视频及环境监控系统实用化应用研究

目前变电站视频及环境监控系统建设已经得到全面推广,然而在系统运行维护过程中,由于接入站点、设备数量逐步增多,巡检工作需要耗费大量人工,并且其应用情况仅停留在基本的辅助监视水平,无法有效满足智能变电站精细化巡检、全方位减轻维护难度的要求。文章针对变电站视频及环境监控系统存在的局限性,阐述了系统在实用化应用中对工程化配置、可视化联动及智能巡检功能的应用原理,大大减少了系统运维工作量,提升了系统的可靠性和实用性。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.